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Chpt-LASER.: Content Population Inversion Pumping Types of Pumping

This document discusses population inversion and pumping in lasers. [1] Population inversion occurs when there are more atoms in a higher energy state than a lower energy state, which is achieved through pumping. [2] Pumping involves using optical or electrical discharge methods to excite atoms to higher energy metastable states. [3] Optical pumping uses light to excite atoms, while electrical discharge pumping uses electrons accelerated by an electric field to transfer energy to gas atoms.

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Abhishek Prakash
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378 views13 pages

Chpt-LASER.: Content Population Inversion Pumping Types of Pumping

This document discusses population inversion and pumping in lasers. [1] Population inversion occurs when there are more atoms in a higher energy state than a lower energy state, which is achieved through pumping. [2] Pumping involves using optical or electrical discharge methods to excite atoms to higher energy metastable states. [3] Optical pumping uses light to excite atoms, while electrical discharge pumping uses electrons accelerated by an electric field to transfer energy to gas atoms.

Uploaded by

Abhishek Prakash
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chpt- LASER.

Content

• Population Inversion
• Pumping
• Types of Pumping
WHAT IS
POPULATION INVERSION ?
• Population inversion creates a situation in which
the number of atoms in higher energy state is
more than that in the lower energy state.

• Usually at thermal equilibrium, the number of


atoms N2 i.e., the population of atoms at higher
energy state is much lesser than the population
of the atoms at lower energy state N1 that is
N1>N2.
The phenomenon of making N2>N1 is
known as Population Inversion.
CONDITION OF POPULATION
INVERSION
1. There must be at least two Energy Level
E2>E1.
2. There must be a source to supply the energy to
the medium.
3. The atoms must be continuously raised to the
Excited State.
WHAT IS METASTABLE STATE ?

• Metastable state is an excited state of an


atom or other system with a longer
lifetime than the other excited states.
• Atoms in the metastable state remain
excited for a considerable time in the
order of 10-6to 10-3.
• A large number of excited atoms are
accumulated in the metastable state.
In other words, it is necessary that
excited state have a longer life-time.
This is Meta-Stable State
WHAT IS PUMPING ?
• The process to achieve the population
inversion is called Pumping Action.

• It is essential requirement for


producing a Laser Beam.
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION OF LASER PUMPING
TYPES OF PUMPING

(OPTICAL PUMPING) (ELECTRICAL


DISCHARGE
PUMPING)
OPTICAL PUMPING
• When the Photon Atoms are exposed
to light radiation energy, atoms in the
lower energy state absorb these
radiation and they go to the Excited
State.
This is called Optical Pumping.
ELECTRICAL DISCHARGE PUMPING
• The electrons are produced in an electrical
discharge tube.
• These are accelerated to high velocities by a
strong electrical field.
• These accelerate collide with the gas atom. By the
process, energy from the electron is transferred to
gas atoms.
• Some atoms gain energy and they go to excited
state.
• This is called Electrical Discharge Pumping
PICTORIAL PRESENTATION OF ELCTRICAL DISCHARGE PUMPING
THANK YOU
FOR YOUR
KIND ATTENTION !

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