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Design Theories and Model

The document discusses several design theories and models: 1. The ADDIE model is a framework for designing and developing educational programs with five phases: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. 2. The ARCS model focuses on motivating learners through gaining their attention, establishing relevance, building confidence, and satisfying them. 3. Backward design emphasizes starting the design process by identifying desired learning outcomes. 4. Elaboration theory argues that content should be organized from simple to complex. 5. Learner-centered design emphasizes supporting learners' growth and motivational needs. 6. Multimodality looks at how people communicate through different modes like writing

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125 views36 pages

Design Theories and Model

The document discusses several design theories and models: 1. The ADDIE model is a framework for designing and developing educational programs with five phases: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. 2. The ARCS model focuses on motivating learners through gaining their attention, establishing relevance, building confidence, and satisfying them. 3. Backward design emphasizes starting the design process by identifying desired learning outcomes. 4. Elaboration theory argues that content should be organized from simple to complex. 5. Learner-centered design emphasizes supporting learners' growth and motivational needs. 6. Multimodality looks at how people communicate through different modes like writing

Uploaded by

Pau Pau Palomo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Design Theories

and
Models
Design- ARCS Model of
Based Motivational
Design
Research
ADDIE Model of SWOT
Instructional
Backward Design
Analysis
Design Tool
Learner-
Multimodality
Centered
Design
Elaboration
Theory
Design-
Based
- also known as “design
experiments”

Research
- intends to address several
needs and issues central to the
study of learning
Design-
Based
 The need to address theoretical
questions about the nature of
learning in context.
 The need for approaches to the

Research
study of learning phenomena in the
real world situations rather than the
laboratory.
 The need to go beyond narrow
measures of learning.
 The need to derive research findings
from formative evaluation.
Design-
Based
Traditional
evaluation, an
intervention (e.g.
Design-
based research
views a

Research
a textbook, an
instructional
program, a
successful
innovation as a
joint product of
policy) is the designed
measured intervention and
against a set of the context .
standards
The ADDIE
Model
- method as a framework in designing
and developing educational and
training programs

- Training developers find this


approach very useful because having
stages clearly defined facilitates
implementation of effective training
tools.
The ADDIE
Model
Analysis
Design
Development
Implementation
Evaluation
The ADDIE
Analysis Model
- “Goal-Setting Stage”
- The program matches the level of skill
and intelligence that each
student/participant shows.
- ensures that what they already know
won’t be duplicated
- “what the students already know and
what they should know “
The ADDIE
Model
Analysis Phase generally
addresses:
- the typical background of the students
- what do the students need to
accomplish
- what will be required in terms of skills
and intelligence
- determining target objectives of the
project
- determining limiting factors
The ADDIE
 Design
Model
determines all goals, tools
to be used to gauge
performance, various tests,
subject matter analysis,
planning and resources
The ADDIE
 Design Model
• different types of media to be used
• various resources at hand
• level and types of activity to be
generated
• knowledge and skill developed after
each task
• the roadmap of how the study or
project
• the feedback mechanism you will use
The ADDIE
Model
 Development

• starts the production and testing of


the methodology

• “putting it into action”

• phases include drafting, production


and evaluation.
The ADDIE
Model
 Implementation
• reflects the continuous
modification of the program

• “PROCEDURE” is the key word

• developers should consistently


analyze, redesign and enhance the
product to ensure effective product
delivery
The ADDIE
Model
 Evaluation
to determine if the goals
have been met, and to
establish what will be
required moving forward
ARCS Model of
Motivational
Attention
Design Theories
Relevance
Confidence
Satisfactio
n
ARCS Model
Attention
• Active participation - games, role play
or other hands-on methods
• Variability – use of videos, short
lectures, mini-discussion groups
• Humor - use a small amount of humor
ARCS
Attention
Model
• Incongruity and Conflict – A devil’s advocate
approach in which statements are posed
that go against a learner’s past experiences
• Specific examples – use a visual stimuli,
story, or biography
• Inquiry – pose questions or problems for the
learners to solve, e.g. brainstorming
activities.
ARCS Model
Relevance
• Experience
• Present Worth
• Future Usefulness
• Needs Matching
• Modeling “be what you want them to
do!”
• Choice
ARCS Model

Confidence
• Help students understand their likelihood for
success.
• Provide objectives and prerequisites
• Allow for success that is meaningful.
• Grow the Learners
• Feedback
• Learner Control
ARCS Model
 Satisfaction
• Learning must be rewarding or
satisfying
• Make the learner feel as though the
skill is useful or beneficial
• Provide feedback and reinforcement.
Backward
Design
Backward Design is a model for
designing instructional materials
where the instructor or designer
begins the design process with a focus
on the desired results (i.e., the
outcome) of instruction
Backward
Design
 Identify Desired Outcomes
 Identify Acceptable Evidences
 Plan Learning Experience and
Instruction
Elaboration
Theory
Elaboration theory is an
instructional design theory that argues
that content to be learned should be
organized from simple to complex order.
Elaboration
Theory
3 major approaches:
a. Conceptual Elaboration Sequence -
used when there are many related
concepts to be learned
Elaboration
Theory
3 major approaches:
b. Theoretical Elaboration Sequence -
used when there are many related
principles to be learned
Elaboration
Theory
3 major approaches:
c. Simplifying Conditions Sequence -
used when a task of at least moderate
complexity is to be learned
Learner-
Centered
Learner-centered design (LCD) theory
emphasizes the importance of

Design
supporting the learners’ growth and
motivational needs in designing
software
Learner-
4 Elements
Centered
 Context: The goal, purpose, and
audience of the software

Design
 Interface: The front end and/or
aesthetics of the software that
learners interact with
Learner-
4 Elements
Centered
 Tasks: What the learners will do in the
software

Design
 Tools: What is needed in the software
to support the tasks that students will
do; these can include scaffold
Multimodality
Multimodality is a theory
which looks at how people
communicate and interact with
each other
Multimodality
A mode is generally defined
as a communication channel
that a culture recognizes.
Examples of modes are writing,
gesture, posture, gaze, font
choice and color, images, video,
and even the interactions
between them.
SWOT
Analysis
 Strengths
 Weaknesses
Theory
Opportunities
 Threats
SWOT
Analysis
SWOT analysis is a tool or
technique that can be used in
business, design or personal
Theory
settings to evaluate a project or
company and to create
constructive goals and strategies.
SWOT
Analysis
 The ultimate goal of
SWOT analysis is to
Theory
achieve a more
successful outcome; for a
company, the goal may
be to improve
performance and
Design Theories
and
Models
Thank you!

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