ATMO5332

WRF-ARW Tutorial

0.01”
Overview of WRF Modeling System

 A bare-bones WRF run involves 4 major

steps:
1) WRF Preprocessing System (WPS)
2) Initialization (real)
3) Numerical integration (WRF)
4) Visualization (RIP)
Overview of WRF Modeling System

 A bare-bones WRF run involves 4 major

steps:
1) WRF Preprocessing System (WPS)
2) Initialization (real)
3) Numerical integration (WRF)
4) Visualization (RIP)
Most steps above are capable of running
in parallel mode using multiple CPUs
Overview of WRF Modeling System

Green boxes = Bare-bones run

 WPS
 WPS performs all preprocessing of data needed
for a WRF numerical integration (define
domains, get initial conditions…)
 WPS
 WPS performs all preprocessing of data needed
for a WRF numerical integration (define
domains, get initial conditions…)
 WPS is controlled through a user-defined
namelist called namelist.wps
 WPS
 WPS performs all preprocessing of data needed
for a WRF numerical integration (define
domains, get initial conditions…)
 WPS is controlled through a user-defined
namelist called namelist.wps
 WPS is composed of three programs:
1) geogrid
2) ungrib
3) metgrid
WPS
 WPS - geogrid
 Geogrid has the following purposes:
1) Define simulation domain (size, location,
horizontal resolution)
 WPS - geogrid
 Geogrid has the following purposes:
1) Define simulation domain (size, location,
horizontal resolution)
2) Indicate which geographical data will be
used (30-second, 2-minute)
 WPS - geogrid
 Geogrid has the following purposes:
1) Define simulation domain (size, location,
horizontal resolution)
2) Indicate which geographical data will be
used (30-second, 2-minute)
3) Choose map projection (lambert
conformal, polar stereographic,
mercator, lat/lon)
namelist.wps
namelist.wps (geogrid)
namelist.wps (geogrid)

(Each column represents a

different domain)
 WPS - geogrid
 Input files needed to run geogrid:
1) Geographical data (/home/bancell/geog)
2) namelist.wps
 WPS - geogrid
 Input files needed to run geogrid:
1) Geographical data (/home/bancell/geog)
2) namelist.wps

 Output from geogrid:

1) geo_em.d01.nc (would also have
geo_em.d02.nc for 2nd domain…)
2) geogrid.log files
 WPS - geogrid
Final Notes on geogrid
 geogrid only needs to be run once for the same
domain
 Like most of the WRF system, geo_em.d0X.nc
files are netcdf files
 Nest parameters must be carefully set in
namelist.wps for geogrid
WPS - geogrid
namelist.wps (geogrid)

(Each column represents a

different domain)
 WPS - ungrib
 ungrib has the following purpose:
1) Extract fields from an external grib file
(such as a GFS forecast) and write this
information to WPS file format
namelist.wps (ungrib)
namelist.wps (ungrib)
 WPS - ungrib
 Input files needed to run ungrib:
1) External grib files
2) namelist.wps
3) A file called Vtable
 WPS - ungrib
 Input files needed to run ungrib:
1) External grib files
2) namelist.wps
3) A file called Vtable

 Output from ungrib:

1) WPS format files called FILE:date
2) ungrib.log file
 WPS - metgrid
 metgrid has the following purpose:
1) Interpolate external meteorological data
(originally from grib files, now in WPS
format through program ungrib)
horizontally to defined grid points
namelist.wps (metgrid)
namelist.wps (metgrid)
 WPS - metgrid
 Input files needed to run metgrid:
1) FILE:date files from ungrib
2) geo_em.d0X.nc files from geogrid
3) namelist.wps
 WPS - metgrid
 Input files needed to run metgrid:
1) FILE:date files from ungrib
2) geo_em.d0X.nc files from geogrid
3) namelist.wps

 Output from metgrid:

1) A set of files called met_em.d01.date.nc
2) metgrid.log files
 WPS - metgrid
Final Notes on metgrid and WPS
 met_em.d01.date.nc files are netcdf files
 All 3 WPS programs are run in the same
directory
(/lustre/work/your_userID/WPSV3.3)
 Make sure to clean up files before each new
WPS run
 WRF Initialization (real)
 real has the following purposes:
1) Create vertical model levels
 WRF Initialization (real)
 real has the following purposes:
1) Create vertical model levels
2) Interpolate meteorological data to vertical
model levels
 WRF Initialization (real)
 real has the following purposes:
1) Create vertical model levels
2) Interpolate meteorological data to vertical
model levels
3) Create input files for numerical
integration (WRF)
 real
 Input files needed to run real:
1) met_em.d0X.data.nc files from metgrid
2) namelist.input (parameter file for real
and wrf)
 real
 Input files needed to run real:
1) met_em.d0X.data.nc files from metgrid
2) namelist.input (parameter file for real
and wrf)
 Output from real:
1) wrfinput_d01 and wrfbdy_d01
(additional wrfinput_d0X files if more
than 1 domain
2) Log files (rsl.out.XXXX, rsl.error.XXXX)
 namelist.input
 real runs using parameters from the text file
namelist.input, which has the following basic
sections:
1) time_control
2) domains
3) physics
4) dynamics
5) bdy_control
namelist.input

Much More
namelist.input – time_control
namelist.input – domains
namelist.input – physics
namelist.input – dynamics
namelist.input – bdy_control
WRF Numerical Integration (wrf)
 wrf has the following purpose:
1) Numerically approximate the solutions to
the model equations to produce a
forecast!!!! Finally!!!!
 wrf
 Input files needed to run wrf:
1) wrfinput_d01, wrfbdy_d01 files from real
2) namelist.input (parameter file for real
and wrf)
 wrf
 Input files needed to run wrf:
1) wrfinput_d01, wrfbdy_d01 files from real
2) namelist.input (parameter file for real
and wrf)
 Output from wrf:
1) wrfout_d01.date.nc (wrfout_d0X.date.nc
for more than one domain)
2) Log files (rsl.out.XXXX, rsl.error.XXXX)
 real and wrf
Final Notes on real and wrf
 All output files from real and wrf are netcdf
files, and the contents of netcdf files can be
viewed with the command:
/lustre/work/apps/netcdf/bin/ncdump –h filename
 real and wrf
Final Notes on real and wrf
 All output files from real and wrf are netcdf
files, and the contents of netcdf files can be
viewed with the command:
/lustre/work/apps/netcdf/bin/ncdump –h filename

 To view the contents of a single variable in a

netcdf file, such as the variable “Times”, type
/lustre/work/apps/netcdf/bin/ncdump –v Times filename
 real and wrf
Final Notes on real and wrf
 Make sure to check the log files after a real and a wrf
run to make sure your model run actually ran
 real and wrf
Final Notes on real and wrf
 Make sure to check the log files after a real and a wrf
run to make sure your model run actually ran
 real and wrf are run in the same directory:
/lustre/work/your_userID/WRFV3.3/run
 real and wrf
Final Notes on real and wrf
 Make sure to check the log files after a real and a wrf
run to make sure your model run actually ran
 real and wrf are run in the same directory:
/lustre/work/your_userID/WRFV3.3/run
 Look at file README.namelist in
/lustre/work/your_userID/WRFV3.3/run for a
description of all namelist variables
 real and wrf
Final Notes on real and wrf
 Make sure to check the log files after a real and a wrf
run to make sure your model run actually ran
 real and wrf are run in the same directory:
/lustre/work/your_userID/WRFV3.3/run
 Look at file README.namelist in
/lustre/work/your_userID/WRFV3.3/run for a
description of all namelist variables
 For one-way nests that are run after the parent domain,
the program ndown must be run to get the initial and
boundary conditions for a nested run…
 Nestdown (ndown)
 ndown has the following purpose:
1) Supply the initial and boundary
conditions for a nest
 ndown
 Input files needed to run ndown (for domain 2):
1) wrfinput_d02 from real (renamed
wrfndi_d02)
2) wrfout_d01.date.nc file from mother
domain wrf run
3) namelist.input (parameter file for real
and wrf and ndown)
 ndown
 Output from ndown:
1) wrfinput_d02, wrfbdy_d02
2) Log files (rsl.out.XXXX, rsl.error.XXXX)
 Visualization (RIP)
 RIP has the following purpose:
1) Forecasts have been made, now we have
to look at them – RIP produces plots of
desired forecast variables
 Visualization (RIP)
 RIP has the following purpose:
1) Forecasts have been made, now we have
to look at them – RIP produces plots of
desired forecast variables

 RIP runs using 2 programs:

1) ripdp_wrfarw – data preparation
2) rip - plotting
 ripdp_wrfarw
 ripdp_wrfarw is run on the command line with
3 arguments:

ripdp_wrfarw data/wrftemp all wrfout_file

ripdp_wrfarw execute command

3) wrfout file from program WRF

1) Location where intermediate RIP

data will go from ripdp_wrfarw 2) Tells ripdp_wrfarw to process
all variables
 rip
 rip is run on the command line using 2
arguments:
rip data/wrftemp sfct.in

rip execute command

2) rip input file that tells rip what
to plot

1) Temporary data name and

location from ripdp_wrfarw
 The rip input file
 A formatted file with the “.in” extension (e.g.
slp.in) tells rip what to plot and how to plot it
 The rip input file
 A formatted file with the “.in” extention (e.g.
slp.in) tells rip what to plot and how to plot it

 There are 3 sections to every .in file:

1) User input section
2) Color table
3) Plot specification table
slp2.in

Much More
User Input Section
Color Table

Much More
Plot Specification Table
 rip
 Output from rip is a computer graphics metafile
(file with extenstion “.cgm”) that can be viewed
with the idt image display tool or converted into
.gif image files
 Running WPS/WRF/RIP
 Running WPS, WRF, and RIP requires a variety
of scripts that must be submitted to the
hrothgar queue at the HPCC to run
 Running WPS/WRF/RIP
 Running WPS, WRF, and RIP requires a variety
of scripts that must be submitted to the
hrothgar queue at the HPCC to run

 The following is a step-by-step guide on how to

setup the required directories, get the required
files, and run WPS/WRF/RIP from your own
directory
 Required WPS Directory
 Go to directory /lustre/work/your_userID

 Type “\cp –r /lustre/work/bancell/WPSV3.3 .”

- This copies the WPS directory structure to
your work directory
- This is where you will run the WPS programs
(in /lustre/work/your_userID/WPSV3.3)
 Required WRF Directory
 Go to directory /lustre/work/your_userID

 Type “cp –r /lustre/work/bancell/WRFV3.3 .”

- This copies the WRF directory structure to
your work directory
- This is where you will run real and wrf
(in /lustre/work/your_userID/WPSV3.3/run)
 Required RIP directory
 Go to directory /lustre/work/your_userID

 Type “cp –r /lustre/work/bancell/RIP4 ./RIP”

- This copies the RIP directory structure to
your work directory
- This is where you will run RIP
(in /lustre/work/your_userID/RIP)
Required Submittal Script Directory
 Go to directory /lustre/work/your_userID
 Type “cp –r /home/bancell/sub_ATMO5332 ./sub”
- This copies the directory structure containing
the HPCC submittal scripts to your work
directory
- This is where you will submit the scripts that
run the WPS programs, real, wrf, and RIP
 Running WPS
geogrid
 Modify
/lustre/work/your_userID/WPSV3.3/namelist.wps for
your case
 Go to /lustre/work/your_userID/sub
 Modify geogrid_normal.bash for the correct directory paths
 Type “qsub geogrid_normal.bash”
 Make sure output files geo_em.d0X are generated in
/lustre/work/your_userID/WPSV3.3
 Check geogrid log files in the WPS directory and
error_out_geogrid, submit_out_geogrid files in the sub
directory if you have problems
 Running WPS
geogrid – Viewing your domain
 To view the domain you want to create with
geogrid, use the plotgrids.exe utility program by
following these steps:
1) Make sure you are in /lustre/work/your_userID/WPSV3.3
2) Type “export NCARG_ROOT=/lustre/work/apps/OLD-APPS/ncarg”
3) Type “/lustre/work/apps/OLD-APPS/WPS/util/plotgrids.exe”

 After running plotgrids.exe, a file called “gmeta”

will be in your WPS directory (plotgrids.exe only
requires namelist.wps to run)
 View your domain with idt with the command
“/lustre/work/apps/ncarg/bin/idt gmeta”
 Running WPS
ungrib
 Get GFS files for your case from
/lustre/work/bancell/wrf_data_ATMO5332 and
put them in
/lustre/work/your_userID/WPSV3.3/data
 Go to /lustre/work/your_userID/WPSV3.3 and
then type “./link_grib.csh data/*”
- This links files to the GFS files in /data
 Go to /lustre/work/your_userID/sub
 Modify ungrib_normal.bash for the correct
directory paths
 Running WPS
ungrib cont’d
 Type “qsub ungrib_normal.bash”
 Make sure all FILE:date files exist in
/lustre/work/your_userID/WPSV3.3, check
ungrib.log file in that directory as well as
submit_out_ungrib, error_out_ungrib log files
in sub directory if there are problems
 Running WPS
metgrid
 Go to /lustre/work/your_userID/sub
 Modify metgrid_normal.bash for the correct
directory paths
 Type “qsub metgrid.bash”
 Make sure all met_em.d0X files exist in
/lustre/work/your_userID/WPSV3.3, check
metgrid log files in that directory as well as
submit_out_metgrid, error_out_metgrid log
files in sub directory if there are problems
 Running real
 Go to /lustre/work/your_userID/WRFV3.3/run
 Copy all met_em.d0X files from the WPS
directory to the above WRF directory
 Modify the file namelist.input for your case
 Go to /lustre/work/your_userID/sub
 Modify real_normal.bash for the correct directory
paths
 Type “qsub real.bash”
 Running real cont’d
 Make sure the files wrfinput_d0X and
wrfbdy_d01 exist in
/lustre/work/your_userID/WRFV3.3/run,
check rsl log files in that directory as well as
submit_out_real, error_out_real log files in the
sub directory if you have problems
 Running wrf
 Go to /lustre/work/your_userID/sub
 Modify wrf_normal.bash for the correct directory
paths
 Type “qsub wrf_normal.bash”
 Make sure the file wrfout_d0X.date.nc exists in
/lustre/work/your_userID/WRFV3.3/run,
check rsl log files in that directory as well as
submit_out_wrf, error_out_wrf log files in the
sub directory if you have problems
 Make sure your run finished by looking at the
end of the rsl.out.0000 file in the WRF directory
 Running RIP
 RIP will be run on the command line
 Go to /lustre/work/your_userID/RIP
 Copy the wrfout files from the wrf run to the above
directory
 Type “./ripdp_wrfarw data/wrftemp all wrfout*” –
this runs ripdp_wrfarw and prepares data for rip
 Modify /lustre/work/your_userID/RIP/slp2.in
for your desired plot, rename file sfct.in
 Running RIP cont’d
 rip needs 2 environmental variables to be set to
run properly. Type the following:
1) “export RIP_ROOT=.”
2) “export NCARG_ROOT=/lustre/work/apps/ncarg”

 Type “./rip data/wrftemp sfct.in” – this runs

rip and produces a single .cgm file
 Convert the single file sfct.cgm to gif files valid
at each time by typing “./cgmtogif sfct.cgm”
 You can loop through the gif images with the
command
“/lustre/work/apps/xanim2801/xanim *.gif ”
 Final WPS/WRF/RIP Notes
 Clean up all files!!!! (WPS, real, wrf, RIP, and sub)

 WRF-ARW V3 User’s Guide is found at:

http://www.mmm.ucar.edu/wrf/users/docs/user_guide_V3/ARWUsersGuideV3.pdf

 RIP V4 User’s Guide is found at:

http://www.mmm.ucar.edu/mm5/documents/ripug_V4.html

These links are also on class website

 First Things First
To run WPS/WRF/RIP at HPCC on a shell using a
PC, you need to download 3 things:
- Putty (gives you the shell, make sure to enable
X11 forwarding at ConnectionSSHX11), use
address hrothgar.hpcc.ttu.edu
- Xming (gives ability to bring up external
windows)
 These are both available through the HPCC website
under the “User Guides” link
- Xming Fonts
 First Things First
 On a Mac, no downloads needed! Just bring up a shell
and ssh to hrothgar with:
ssh –X [email protected]

Note: When you login to hrothgar, you’ll be in your

home directory (/home/your_userID)

disk space limit on /home/your_userID: 150 GB

disk space limit on /lustre/work/your_userID: 700 GB