History of Computers.1
History of Computers.1
Computers
What are computers?
A computer is a machine or device that performs
processes, calculations and operations based
on instructions provided by a software or
hardware program. It is designed to execute
applications and provides a variety of solutions
by combining integrated hardware and software
components
Abacus
The abacus was an early aid
for mathematical
computations. Its only value is
that it aids the memory of the
human performing the
calculation. A skilled abacus
operator can work on addition
and subtraction problems at
the speed of a person
equipped with a hand
calculator (multiplication and
division are slower).
Abacus
The abacus is often
wrongly attributed to
China. In fact, the
oldest surviving
abacus was used in
300 B.C. by the
Babylonians. The
abacus is still in use
today, principally in
the far east.
John Napier
In 1617 an eccentric (some say mad) Scotsman
named John Napier invented logarithms, which
are a technology that allows multiplication to be
performed via addition.
Ex: log2x = 5
Napier's Bones.
Napier’s Bones
The magic ingredient is
the logarithm of each
operand, which was
originally obtained from a
printed table. But Napier
also invented an
alternative to tables,
where the logarithm
values were carved on
ivory sticks which are
now called Napier's
Bones.
Napier’s Bones
Slide Rule