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Hibernate Interview Questions

Hibernate is an ORM (object-relational mapping ) tool for Java programming language. It is developed by Red Hat and was started by Gavin King with his colleagues in 2001. The original aim was to offer better persistence capabilities than those offered by EJB2

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93 views13 pages

Hibernate Interview Questions

Hibernate is an ORM (object-relational mapping ) tool for Java programming language. It is developed by Red Hat and was started by Gavin King with his colleagues in 2001. The original aim was to offer better persistence capabilities than those offered by EJB2

Uploaded by

mayankIT
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Hibernate Interview

Questions and Answer

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Introduction

Hibernate is an ORM (object-relational mapping ) tool for Java programming


language. It is developed by Red Hat and was started by Gavin King with
his colleagues in 2001. The original aim was to offer better persistence
capabilities than those offered by EJB2 (Enterprise Java Beans version
2), they wanted to simplify the complexities and supplement certain
missing features.

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What is Hibernate ?

 Hibernate is a free software, which is distributed under GNU Lesser


General public license 2.1.
 It is categorized under the Object Relational Mapping (ORM), which
features the mapping of Java classes to data tables and mapping from
Java data types to SQL data types.
 It is written in Java and is JVM (Java Virtual Machine) platform based.
 Hibernate provides the data query and retrieval facilities.
 It is one of the most widely used ORM tools for the Java applications.
 Hibernate is highly considered to be used in the enterprise applications
for database operations

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What is HQL?

HQL is the acronym of Hibernate Query Language.It considers the java


objects in a similar way as that of the SQL.
It is an Object-Oriented Query Language and is independent of the
database.

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Explain the advantages of Hibernate?

Some of the advantages of Hibernate are:


 It provides Simple Querying of data.
 An application server is not required to operate.
 The complex associations of objects in the database can be
manipulated.
 Database access is minimized with smart fetching strategies.
 It manages the mapping of Java classes to database tables without
writing any code.
 Properties of XML file is changed in case of any required change in
the database.

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Why is ORM preferred over JDBC?

 It allows business code access the objects rather than Database tables.
 It hides the details of SQL queries from OO logic.
 It is based on JDBC “under hood”.
 Dealing with database implementation is not required.
 Entities are based on business concepts rather than database structures.
 It generates the automatic key and Transaction management.
 Application development is faster.

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Mention the Key components of Hibernate?

The Key components of Hibernate are:


 Session: It is used to get a physical network with a database.
 Transaction: It represents the unit of work with a database.
 Query: It uses SQL and HQL string to retrieve the data from the
database and create objects.
 Criteria: It is used create and execute object-oriented queries and
retrieve the objects.
 Configuration: It represents the properties of files required by Hibernate
 Session Factory: It configures hibernate for the application using the
provided configuration file and instantiates the session object.

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Explain the Session in Hibernate?

It is used to get a physical connection with a database. A session object is


designed to instantiate each time an interaction is required with the
database, whereas the persistent objects are retrieved using a session
object.
The session objects are not thread-safe and must be created and destroyed
as per the requirement.

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Explain the Transaction object in Hibernate?

It represents a unit of work with the database and most of the RDBMS
(Relational Database Management System) supports transaction
functionality.
In Hibernate, transactions are managed by an underlying transaction
manager and transaction from JDBC or JTA.
It is an optional object and the Hibernate Application do not use this
interface, instead, they handle the transactions in their code.

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Explain the Query object in Hibernate?

These objects use SQL and HQL string to retrieve data from the database
and create objects.
An instance of Query is used to bind query parameters, restrict the number
of results returned by the query and finally to execute the query.

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What is Hibernate caching?

Hibernate caches Query data and makes the application run faster.
If used correctly, the hibernate cache can be very useful in achieving the
faster application running performance.
The main idea lying behind the cache is reducing the number of database
queries, which results in reduced throughput time of the application.

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What is Query level cache in Hibernate?

In hibernate, a cache query can be implemented that results in sets and


integrates closely with the second level cache.It is an optional feature
and it requires two additional cache regions that can hold the cached
query results and also the timestamps whenever a table is updated. This
is useful only for the queries that run frequently holding the same
parameters.

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