Water As A Resource

Presentation By Group 5
Main idea: Human need water in

order to exist
Question: What could be done to take care of the water
resources?
Water resources are sources of usually fresh water that are
useful, or potentially useful, to society
for instance for agricultural, industrial or recreational use
Examples include groundwater, rivers, lakes and reservoirs.
What is GroundWater?
Groundwater is the water found underground in the
cracks and spaces in soil, sand and rock. It is stored in
and moves slowly through geologic formations of soil,
sand and rocks called aquifers.
What is a river?
A river is a natural flowing watercourse, usually
freshwater, flowing towards an ocean, sea, lake or
another river. In some cases a river flows into the ground
and becomes dry at the end of its course without
reaching another body of water.
Small rivers can be referred to using names such as
stream, creek, brook, rivulet, and rill
What is a lake?
 A lake (from Latin lacus) is a large body of water
(larger and deeper than a pond) within a body of land.
 Lakes do not flow, like rivers, but many have rivers
flowing into and out of them.
What is a reservoir?
 a large natural or artificial lake used as a source of
water supply.
The Human activities affecting
water resources are:
 Population Growth
 Demands for greater food security and higher living
standards
 Pollution from factories,cities, and farmlands
 Climate Change
 Global Warming
 Deforestation
Population Growth
 When the population increases so does the
consumption of water
 On top the water shortage an increase to the
population would also bring industrialization and
urbanization which causes environmental problems
which directly affects the quality of the water supply.
Currently we are globally experiencing 1.1 billion
people not having access to safe drinking water and 2.6
billion people not having adequate sanitation supplies
causing the death of 3900 children daily from
waterborne diseases
Demands for greater food security
and higher living standards
 Everybody needs food. But the complexity of
delivering sufficient food to a national population and
to the whole world’s population shows why food
security is such a priority for all countries, whether
developing or developed.
 In short, this is a global challenge because it’s not just

about food and feeding people but also about
practically all aspects of an economy and society.
Pollution from factories, cities, and
farmlands
 Large commercial factory farms produce an enormous
amount of waste that includes animal blood, feces and
pesticides. Some have been caught dumping waste directly
into rivers, which also increases the chance of disease
transmission through fluids such as blood. The excess
nutrients from factory farms, such as animal feces and
fertilizers, can disrupt the natural level of nutrients in the
water, causing decreased dissolved oxygen levels from an
overgrowth of decomposers, which often results in fish-
kills. Pesticides from agricultural waste also end up in soil,
water and air, and can be toxic to the living things they
come in contact with.
Climate Change and Global
Warming
 This two Factors has extreme conditions such as
drought have forced people to pump out more ground
water or divert stream flows.During extreme wet
seasons, floods are very common and more severe,
causing an increase in sedimentation from already
denuded landscapes
 Global warming plays the vital role in the shrinking of
glaciers and the consequent rise of sea level
Deforestation
Trees are important to the water cycle. They absorb rain
fall and produce water vapor that is released into the
atmosphere. Trees also lessen the pollution in water, by
stopping polluted runoff. In the Amazon, more than half
the water in the ecosystem is held within the plants.
Acid mine drainage
 Mining certain metals causes surface water to become
acidic,producing a discharge
 Improper waste disposal contriibutes significantly to
the degradation of streams and lakes in urban areas
 These results to damages in aquatic ecosystems,
impairs water quality, and hinders water transport in
large bodies of inland waters.
The ever increasing pressure in water resources calls for
an effective water resources management.It involves
planning, developing, distributing and managing the
optimum use of water resources.
These includes rainwater harvesting for direct
consumption and for replenishment of ground water.
Surface water is also diverted into basins in recharge
zones to increase infiltration, reduce evaporation, and
improve water quality.
Dams and Reservoirs are built to provide additional
water storage
Desalination
The reduction of the mineral content by taking salt out
of seawater and brackish water to produce fresh water.
Recent advances in technology have made the process
more accessible and cost efficient, which have allowed
many countries to adapt the method
On management level policies and
laws are crafted to protect and
manage water resources better
Philippine laws and regulations have been enacted for
the protection, conser vation and management of
freshwater resources.
1. Presidential Decree (PD) No.424 of 1974 created the
National Water Resources Council (NWRC) - to
coordinate and integrate water resources
development
2. PD No. 1067 (1976) – instituted the water code which
consolidated the laws governing the ownership,
appropriation, utilization, exploitation, development,
conservation, and protection of the water resources subject
to regulation by the NWRC.
3. Executive Order (EO) No. 222 of 1995 established the
Presidential Committee on Water Conservation and Demand
Management - which was tasked to prepare a nationwide
Water Conservation Plan.
4. Republic Act (RA) no. 8041 or the National Water Crisis
Act of 1995 - addressed the country’s water problems through
an integrated water management program and development
of new water resources and conservation of identified
watersheds, among other provisions.
5. The Philippine Clean Water Act of 2004 – also
provided a comprehensive water quality management.

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Presentation By Group 5

Main idea: Human need water in

 In short, this is a global challenge because it’s not just

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