Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 67 views

    Introduction To The Internet and Web

    Uploaded by

    Anjali Sharma
    The document provides an overview of the Internet and World Wide Web. It describes how the Internet connects millions of networks globally without central ownership. It also explains how individuals and organizations can access the Internet through schools, businesses, or Internet Service Providers. Additionally, it outlines how the Web is a collection of linked web pages stored on servers that users can access via browsers using URLs and HTML.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Introduction To The Internet and Web

    Uploaded by

    Anjali Sharma
    67 views19 pages
    The document provides an overview of the Internet and World Wide Web. It describes how the Internet connects millions of networks globally without central ownership. It also explains how individuals and organizations can access the Internet through schools, businesses, or Internet Service Providers. Additionally, it outlines how the Web is a collection of linked web pages stored on servers that users can access via browsers using URLs and HTML.

    Original Description:

    Introduction to the internet and web

    Original Title

    Internet

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The document provides an overview of the Internet and World Wide Web. It describes how the Internet connects millions of networks globally without central ownership. It also explains how individuals and organizations can access the Internet through schools, businesses, or Internet Service Providers. Additionally, it outlines how the Web is a collection of linked web pages stored on servers that users can access via browsers using URLs and HTML.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    67 views19 pages

    Introduction To The Internet and Web

    Uploaded by

    Anjali Sharma
    The document provides an overview of the Internet and World Wide Web. It describes how the Internet connects millions of networks globally without central ownership. It also explains how individuals and organizations can access the Internet through schools, businesses, or Internet Service Providers. Additionally, it outlines how the Web is a collection of linked web pages stored on servers that users can access via browsers using URLs and HTML.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 19

    Introduction to the Internet

    and Web
    Internet
    • It is the largest network in the world that connects
    hundreds of thousands of individual networks all
    over the world.
    • The popular term for the Internet is the
    “information highway”.
    • Rather than moving through geographical space, it
    moves your ideas and information through
    cyberspace – the space of electronic movement of
    ideas and information.
    Internet
    • No one owns it
    • It has no formal management organization.
    • As it was originally developed by the Department
    of defense, this lack of centralization made it less
    vulnerable to wartime or terrorist attacks.
    • To access the Internet, an existing network need to
    pay a small registration fee and agree to certain
    standards based on the TCP/IP (Transmission
    Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) .
    The uses of the Internet

    • Send e-mail messages.


    • Send (upload) or receive (down load) files
    between computers.
    • Participate in discussion groups, such as
    mailing lists and newsgroups.
    • Surfing the web.
    What is Web?
    • The Web (World Wide Web) consists of information
    organized into Web pages containing text and graphic
    images.
    • It contains hypertext links, or highlighted keywords
    and images that lead to related information.
    • A collection of linked Web pages that has a common
    theme or focus is called a Web site.
    • The main page that all of the pages on a particular
    Web site are organized around and link back to is
    called the site’s home page.
    How to access the Internet?
    • Many schools and businesses have direct
    access to the Internet using special high-
    speed communication lines and equipment.
    • Students and employees can access through
    the organization’s local area networks
    (LAN) or through their own personal
    computers.
    • Another way to access the Internet is
    through Internet Service Provider (ISP).
    How to access the Internet?
    • To access the Internet, an existing network need to
    pay a small registration fee and agree to certain
    standards based on the TCP/IP (Transmission
    Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) reference
    model.
    • Each organization pays for its own networks and
    its own telephone bills, but those costs usually
    exist independent of the internet.
    • The regional Internet companies route and forward
    all traffic, and the cost is still only that of a local
    telephone call.
    Internet Service Provider (ISP)

    • A commercial organization with permanent


    connection to the Internet that sells
    temporary connections to subscribers.
    • Examples:
    • Prodigy, America Online, Microsoft
    network, AT&T Networks.
    How to access the Web?
    • Once you have your Internet connection, then
    you need special software called a browser to
    access the Web.
    • Web browsers are used to connect you to
    remote computers, open and transfer files,
    display text and images.
    • Web browsers are specialized programs.
    • Examples of Web browser: Netscape
    Navigator (Navigator) and Internet Explorer.
    Client/Server Structure of the Web

    • Web is a collection of files that reside on computers,


    called Web servers, that are located all over the world
    and are connected to each other through the Internet.
    • When you use your Internet connection to become
    part of the Web, your computer becomes a Web client
    in a worldwide client/server network.
    • A Web browser is the software that you run on your
    computer to make it work as a web client.
    Hypertext Markup Language
    (HTML)
    • The public files on the web servers are ordinary
    text files, much like the files used by word-
    processing software.
    • To allow Web browser software to read them,
    the text must be formatted according to a
    generally accepted standard.
    • The standard used on the web is Hypertext
    markup language (HTML).
    Hypertext Markup Language (HTML)

    • HTML uses codes, or tags, to tell the Web browser


    software how to display the text contained in the
    document.
    • For example, a Web browser reading the following line of
    text:
    <B> A Review of the Book<I>Wind Instruments of
    the 18th Century</I></B>
    • recognizes the <B> and </B> tags as instructions to
    display the entire line of text in bold and the <I> and </I>
    tags as instructions to display the text enclosed by those
    tags in italics.
    Addresses on the Web:IP Addressing
    • Each computer on the internet does have a
    unique identification number, called an IP
    (Internet Protocol) address.
    • The IP addressing system currently in use on
    the Internet uses a four-part number.
    • Each part of the address is a number ranging
    from 0 to 255, and each part is separated from
    the previous part by period,
    • For example, 106.29.242.17
    IP Addressing
    • The combination of the four IP address parts
    provides 4.2 billion possible addresses (256 x
    256 x 256 x 256).
    • This number seemed adequate until 1998.
    • Members of various Internet task forces are
    working to develop an alternate addressing
    system that will accommodate the projected
    growth.
    • However, all of their working solutions require
    extensive hardware and software changes
    throughout the Internet.
    Uniform Resource Locators
    • The IP address and the domain name each identify a particular
    computer on the Internet.
    • However, they do not indicate where a Web page’s HTML
    document resides on that computer.
    • To identify a Web pages exact location, Web browsers rely on
    Uniform Resource Locator (URL).
    • URL is a four-part addressing scheme that tells the Web
    browser:
     What transfer protocol to use for transporting the file
     The domain name of the computer on which the file resides
     The pathname of the folder or directory on the computer on
    which the file resides
     The name of the file
    Structure of a Uniform Resource Locators

    pathname
    protocol

    http://www.chicagosymphony.org/civicconcerts/index.htm

    Domain name filename

    http => Hypertext Transfer Protocol


    HTTP
    • The transfer protocol is the set of rules that the
    computers use to move files from one computer to
    another on the Internet.
    • The most common transfer protocol used on the
    Internet is the Hypertext Transfer Protocol
    (HTTP).
    • Two other protocols that you can use on the
    Internet are the File Transfer Protocol (FTP) and
    the Telnet Protocol
    How to find information on the Web?
    • A number of search tools have been developed and
    available to you on certain Web sites that provide
    search services to help you find information.
    • Examples:
     Yahoo  www.yahoo.com
     Excite  www.excite.com
     Lycos  www.lycos.com
     AltaVista  www/alta-vista.com
     MSN WebSearch  www.search.msn.com
    How to find information on the Web?
    • You can find information by two basic means.
    • Search by Topic and Search by keywords.
    • Some search services offer both methods, others only
    one.
    • Yahoo offers both.
     Search by Topic
    You can navigate through topic lists
     Search by keywords
    You can navigate by entering a keyword or phase into
    a search text box.

    You might also like