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    1 - An Overview of Programming Languages

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    RUSSEL ROSMIN -
    This document provides an overview of programming languages and the typical C++ development environment. It discusses what a computer is made of and its basic components. It then covers machine language, assembly language, and high-level languages like C and C++. The history of C and C++ is outlined. The C++ standard library and basic C++ development process involving editing, preprocessing, compiling, linking, loading and executing code is described. Common input/output functions like cin, cout and cerr are also mentioned.

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    1 - An Overview of Programming Languages

    Uploaded by

    RUSSEL ROSMIN -
    319 views12 pages
    This document provides an overview of programming languages and the typical C++ development environment. It discusses what a computer is made of and its basic components. It then covers machine language, assembly language, and high-level languages like C and C++. The history of C and C++ is outlined. The C++ standard library and basic C++ development process involving editing, preprocessing, compiling, linking, loading and executing code is described. Common input/output functions like cin, cout and cerr are also mentioned.

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    Programing overview first of all

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    Ppt 1 - An Overview of Programming Languages

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    This document provides an overview of programming languages and the typical C++ development environment. It discusses what a computer is made of and its basic components. It then covers machine language, assembly language, and high-level languages like C and C++. The history of C and C++ is outlined. The C++ standard library and basic C++ development process involving editing, preprocessing, compiling, linking, loading and executing code is described. Common input/output functions like cin, cout and cerr are also mentioned.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    319 views12 pages

    1 - An Overview of Programming Languages

    Uploaded by

    RUSSEL ROSMIN -
    This document provides an overview of programming languages and the typical C++ development environment. It discusses what a computer is made of and its basic components. It then covers machine language, assembly language, and high-level languages like C and C++. The history of C and C++ is outlined. The C++ standard library and basic C++ development process involving editing, preprocessing, compiling, linking, loading and executing code is described. Common input/output functions like cin, cout and cerr are also mentioned.

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    You are on page 1of 12

    An Overview of

    1
    Programming Language
    IT11103/ IT12103 – Introduction to Computer Programming
    Faculty of Computing & Informatics (FCI) UMS
    2 Contents

     Computer
     Computer Languages
     History of C and C++
     C++ Standard Library
     Typical C++ Development Environment
    3 Computer
     What is a computer?
     A device that can perform computation and make logical decision through
    processing data under the control of set of instruction is called computer
    programs
     Consists of 2 types of device
     Hardware (e.g., Keyboard, Monitor, Mouse, Hard Disk)
     Software (computer programs)
    4 Computer
     Basic components
     Input Unit
     Output Unit
     Memory Unit Storage Unit
     Secondary Storage Unit
     Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)
    System Unit
     Central Processing Unit (CPU)
    5 Computer Languages
     Machine language
     Only language computer directly understands (machine dependent)
     Consist of strings of numbers
     Ultimately 0s and 1s
     Example:
    01010111101
     Assembly language
     English-like abbreviations representing elementary computer operations
     Clearer to humans
     Incomprehensible to computers
     Translator programs (assemblers)  convert to machine language
     Example:
    ADD OVERPAY
    6 Computer Languages
     High-level languages
     Similar to everyday English, use common mathematical notations
     Single statements accomplish substantial tasks
     Assembly language requires many instructions to accomplish simple tasks

     Translator programs (compilers)


     Convert to machine language

     Interpreter programs
     Directly execute high-level language programs

     Example:
    grossPay = basePay + overTimePay
    7 History of C and C++

     History of C
     Evolved from two other programming languages BCPL and B
     Dennis Ritchie (Bell Laboratories) – added data type and other features
     Known as the development language of UNIX
     Hardware independent (Portable programs)
     1989: ANSI standard
     1990: ANSI and ISO standard published
     ANSI/ISO 9899: 1990
    8 History of C and C++

     History of C++
     Extension of C
     Early 1980s: Bjarne Stroustrup (Bell Laboratories)
     Provides capabilities for object-oriented programming
     Objects: reusable software components
     Model items in real world

     Object-oriented programs
     Easy to understand, correct and modify

     Hybrid language
     C-like style
     Object-oriented style
     Both
    9 C++ Standard Library
     C++ programs
     Built from pieces called classes and functions
     C++ standard library
     Rich collections of existing classes and functions
     “Building block approach” to creating programs
     “Software reuse”
    10 Basic of a Typical C++ Environment
     C++ systems
     Program-development environment
     Language
     C++ Standard Library
     C++ program names extensions
     .cpp
     .cxx
     .cc
     .C
    11
    Basic of a Typical C++ Environment
    Program is created in
    Editor Disk
    the editor and stored
     Phases of C++ Programs: on disk.

    Preprocessor program
    1. Edit Preprocessor Disk
    processes the code.

    2. Preprocess Compiler creates


    Compiler Disk object code and stores
    3. Compile it on disk.
    Linker links the object
    4. Link Linker Disk code with the libraries,
    creates an executable
    5. Load Primary
    Memory
    file and stores it on disk

    Loader
    6. Execute
    Loader puts program
    in memory.
    Disk ..
    ..
    ..

    Primary
    Memory
    CPU
    CPU takes each
    instruction and
    executes it, possibly
    storing new data
    ..
    .. values as the program
    ..
    executes.
    12 Basic of a Typical C++ Environment
     Common Input/output functions
     cin
     Standard input stream
     Normally keyboard
     cout
     Standard output stream
     Normally computer screen
     cerr
     Standard error stream
     Display error messages

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