Mining Performance

Metrics II

Using Metrics to Evaluate

and Improve Performance

Jim McCaherty
Global Project Management
Caterpillar Global Mining - Asia Pacific Division
 Course Outline

• “Cockpit” view ; Performance Metrics I review.

• Characteristics of reporting Performance Metrics.
• Summarizing the information.
• Selecting the best presentation format.
• Analysis & interpretation of Performance Metrics.
• “Case Study”.

Mining Performance Metrics II 2

Expected Learning Outcomes

• Reinforce the knowledge acquired in Module #1.

• Identify key characteristics for reporting Performance Metrics.
• Learn to properly present Performance Metrics.
• Strengthen the capabilities of Project Management staff in the
analysis and interpretation of Performance Metrics.
• Identify key issues, decision making processes and establish
appropriate corrective action plans.
• Demonstrate the use of Performance Metrics as an effective
equipment and project management tool.
• Improve the utilization of Performance Metrics.

Mining Performance Metrics II 3

 Why do we measure?

ANSWER: Metrics help us make sense of our

situation; we become smarter and
gain some degree of control over
the outcome.

Mining Performance Metrics II 4

 What’s in front of me? Proximity/Orientation to runway

Speed

Orientation of Plane

Altitude
(above ground)

Wind
(Direction & Velocity) “Cockpit View” 5
Performance Metrics for Mining
APPLICATION / OPERATIONAL,
• Fuel Consumption … burn rate (vs. cumulative consumption)
• Productivity … tons / hour
• Payload Management … compliance with 10-10-20, payload
distribution, TKPH
• Haul Road Conditions … rolling resistance, rack & pitch, ASA, RAC,
tire life
• Haul Road Profile … % of time on grade, cycle distance, speeds
(loaded & empty), transmission shift frequency, TKPH
• % Idle & Wait Time … truck “bunching”, addition of dispatch system
• Abuse … engine overspeeds, brake overheating, torque converter
output overheating, transmission gear selection,
parking brake, etc.
Mining Performance Metrics II 6
Performance Metrics for Mining
MARC MANAGEMENT / CUSTOMER SATISFACTION,
• Contractual Availability … guarantees > by fleet, by machine

• Cost … guarantees > cost/ hour, cost not to exceed,

power by the hour

• Performance … guarantees > production (hauling / loading)

• Income / Revenue Stream …

• Profit // Loss
• Costs / Expenses …

Mining Performance Metrics II 7

Performance Metrics for Mining
EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE MANAGEMENT
• Contractual Availability … monthly & rolling average
• MTBS … average hours between shutdowns
• MTTR … average hours per shutdown
• Availability Index … MTBS / (MTBS + MTTR)
• % Scheduled Downtime Hours
• Maintenance Ratio
• Top Problems … MTBS, MTTR, availability & cost analysis.
• PIP / PSP Completion Rate

Mining Performance Metrics II 8

 Understand the Relationships
The following relationships exist …TC Hrs = S Hrs + OD Hrs + acts of God, etc.
S Hrs = A Hrs + DT Hrs
A Hrs = Op Hrs + SB Hrs + PD Hrs

Total (Calendar) Hours

Holidays, accidents, strikes, weather, acts of God, etc.

Scheduled Hours
Operational Delay Hours

Physical Downtime Hours

Available Hours Mechanical Downtime Hours
Mechanical Downtime Hours
Contractual Downtime Hours
Contractual Downtime Hours
Production Delay Hours
Operating Hours
Stand-By Hours

Performance Metrics may be expressed in terms of any of the above parameters so long as their value does not change.
Mining Performance Metrics II 9
 Shutdown / Stoppage:

• An event that takes a machine out of service.

• Shutdowns may be scheduled or unscheduled and include all types of
maintenance and repair activities except daily lubes, refueling and
inspections executed during lube or refueling activities.
• Operational delays, e.g. shift changes, lunch breaks, etc., are not included
as shutdowns.
• “Grouped” repairs count as a single shutdown.
• Shutdown count is independent of event duration or complexity, i.e. a five
minute event counts the same as a 100 hour event and a headlight
replacement counts the same as a catastrophic major component
failure.

Mining Performance Metrics II 10

 Mean Time Between Shutdowns:
• Also known as MTBS.
• The average operating time (including production delays) between
machine stoppages … the average frequency of downtime events,
in hours.
• A measure of equipment reliability and maintenance effectiveness. >
• An equipment maintenance management KPI.
• Benchmark = 80 hours for new machines & 60 hours for mature
machines.
(Applies to large Off Highway Trucks in the 785 – 793 size range)

Operating Hrs
MTBS (hours) =
number of shutdowns in the period

Mining Performance Metrics II 11

 Mean Time To Repair:
• Also known as MTTR.
• The average downtime of machine stoppages … the average duration of
downtime events, expressed in hours.
• A measure of equipment serviceability and maintenance efficiency. >
• An equipment maintenance management KPI.
• Benchmark = 3 hours for new machines & 6 hours for mature machines.
(Applies to large Off Highway Trucks in the 785 – 793 size range)

Total Downtime Hrs

MTTR (hours) =
number of shutdowns in the period

Mining Performance Metrics II 12

 Availability:
The proportion of time that a machine is capable of functioning in the intended
operation, expressed as a percentage.

variations: • Physical Availability

Mining Performance Metrics II 13

 Physical Availability:
Available Hours
Physical Availability =
Available Hours + all Downtime

Where Available Hours = Operating Hours + Stand-By Hours + Production Delay Hours

Production Delay Hours

Operating Hours
Stand-By Hours

Available Hours All Downtime Hours

NOTE: You must account for Production Delay Hours. >

A mine production / operations KPI.

Mining Performance Metrics II 14

 Availability:
The proportion of time that a machine is capable of functioning in the intended
operation, expressed as a percentage.

variations: • Physical Availability

• Mechanical Availability

Mining Performance Metrics II 15

 Mechanical Availability:
Available Hours
Mechanical Availability =
Available Hours + mechanical DT

Where Available Hours = Operating Hours + Stand-By Hours + Production Delay Hours

Production Delay Hours

Operating Hours
Stand-By Hours

Available Hours Mechanical Downtime Hours

Mining Performance Metrics II 16

 Availability:
The proportion of time that a machine is capable of functioning in the intended
operation, expressed as a percentage.

variations: • Physical Availability

• Mechanical Availability
• Contractual Availability

Mining Performance Metrics II 17

 Contractual Availability:
Available Hours
Contractual Availability =
Available Hours + contractual DT

Where Available Hours = Operating Hours + Stand-By Hours + Production Delay Hours >

Production Delay Hours

Operating Hours
Stand-By Hours

Available Hours Contractual Downtime Hours

A MARC management / customer satisfaction KPI.

Mining Performance Metrics II 18

 Availability:
The proportion of time that a machine is capable of functioning in the intended
operation, expressed as a percentage.

variations: • Physical Availability

• Mechanical Availability
• Contractual Availability
• Availability Index

Mining Performance Metrics II 19

 Availability Index:

MTBS
Availability Index =
MTBS + MTTR

NOTE: The most common error in determining Availability Index is shutdown count
resulting in artificially high MTBS and MTTR. >

An equipment maintenance management KPI.

Mining Performance Metrics II 20

 Utilization:
The proportion of time that a machine is actually functioning in the intended
operation, expressed as a percentage.

variations: • Utilization of Availability

Mining Performance Metrics II 21

 Utilization of Availability:
• The proportion of time that a machine is operating divided by the time that the
machine is capable of functioning in the intended operation, expressed
as a percentage.
Operating Hrs + Production Delay Hrs
Utilization of Availability =
Operating Hrs + Stand-By Hrs + Production Delay Hrs

Production Delay Hours

Operating Hours

Production Delay Hours

Operating Hours
Stand-By Hours

Mining Performance Metrics II 22

 Utilization of Availability:
• The proportion of time that a machine is operating divided by the time that the
machine is capable of functioning in the intended operation, expressed
as a percentage. >
Operating Hrs + Production Delay Hrs
Utilization of Availability =
Available Hours

Production Delay Hours

Operating Hours

Available Hours

An application / operational KPI.

Mining Performance Metrics II 23
 Utilization:
The proportion of time that a machine is actually functioning in the intended
operation, expressed as a percentage.

variations: • Utilization of Availability

• Asset Utilization (Utilization of the Asset)

Mining Performance Metrics II 24

 Asset Utilization:
• The proportion of time that a machine is operating divided by the total
calendar time in the period, expressed as a percentage. >

Operating Hrs + Production Delay Hrs

Asset Utilization =
Total Calendar Hrs

Production Delay Hours

Operating Hours

Total (Calendar) Hours

A Mine owner / Purchasing Department & MARC Financial KPI.

Mining Performance Metrics II 25
 Utilization:
The proportion of time that a machine is actually functioning in the intended
operation, expressed as a percentage.

variations: • Utilization of Availability

• Asset Utilization (Utilization of the Asset)
• Usage

Mining Performance Metrics II 26

 Usage:
• The proportion of time that a machine is actually functioning in the intended
operation divided by the time that the machine is capable of functioning
in the intended operation , expressed as a percentage. >
Operating Hrs
Usage =
Operating Hrs + Stand-by Hrs + Production Delay Hrs + Operational Delay Hrs

Operating Hours

Operational
Production Delay Hours Delay Hours
Operating Hours
Stand-By Hours

A mine operations KPI.

Mining Performance Metrics II 27
 % Scheduled Maintenance:
• The percentage of total downtime hours performed in a given period that
have been planned and scheduled.
• An indication of who (management?) or what (the equipment?) is in
control. >
• An equipment maintenance management KPI.
• Benchmark = 80% scheduled (by downtime hours)

Scheduled Downtime Hrs

% Scheduled Maintenance =
Total Downtime Hrs

NOTE: Simple test to determine if a repair is truly planned and scheduled: “Are the parts
and necessary resources allocated to the shop bay before the machine stops”.

Mining Performance Metrics II 28

 Maintenance Ratio:
• A dimensionless ratio of maintenance and repair man-hours to machine
operating hours.
variations: • “Charged” Maintenance Ratio
• “Overall” Maintenance Ratio
• “Charged” MR considers only workorder man-hours (direct labor); does
not include repair shop (CRC) labor.
• “Overall” MR includes staff, supervision & idle time. >
• An equipment maintenance management KPI.
• Benchmark = 0.20 -0.30 “charged” MR
• Benchmark = 0.50 “overall” MR
• NOTE: Benchmarks apply to large Off Highway Trucks in the 785 – 793
size range and 992 & 994 Loaders.
Maintenance & Repair Man-Hours
Maintenance Ratio =
Operating Hrs + Production Delay Hrs
Mining Performance Metrics II 29
 Top Problem Summary:
• A component / system / event Pareto analysis based on number of
shutdowns (frequency / MTBS), duration of shutdowns (MTTR),
impact on availability (total downtime) and costs.
• Information must be quantified and compared against historical
performance and / or established targets.
• Usage: Enables Project Management to focus its resources on the most
significant issues; input to the Continuous Improvement process. >
• An equipment maintenance management KPI.

Mining Performance Metrics II 30

 PIP / PSP Completion Summary:
• A tracking tool used to monitor implementation status of factory PIP & PSP
programs.
• Must contain program ID number, dates of issue & termination, program
type (safety, priority, before / after failure, containment, unpublished,
etc.), and graphical display of completion status.
• Usage: Enables Project Management to track execution status of factory
programs to ensure timely completion and to verify that programs are
available to address issues identified as “Top Problems” in the Pareto
analysis. Can serve as input to the Backlog Mgmt system. >
• An equipment maintenance management KPI.

Mining Performance Metrics II 31

 Which would you prefer?

Mining Performance Metrics II 32

Which would your customer (or boss) prefer?

Mining Performance Metrics II 33

 Key Reporting Characteristics
Good reports have many qualities:
• informative (processed data) - historical view of what happened,
• analytical - why the situation is as it is,
• interpretive - what it all means,
• predictive - what the consequences are (or are likely to be),
• corrective - what needs to be done? ... how to manage / solve
problem(s),
• regular - define the frequency / interval (typically monthly)
• timely - can’t manage with old information (establish publication target)
• visual - easy to use / understand at a glance
• concise - bigger not always better / encourage audience to read
“Rule of Thumb”: Don’t generate more questions than you answer!
Mining Performance Metrics II 34
 Summarizing the Information …
Reporting Formats & Techniques

> Select the format that is most visual and helps

make sense out of your situation!
> Use “pictures of information” when possible …
trend lines work best!
> Present results relative to identified targets,
predictions or expectations.

Apply what you know to what you want to know!

“Move from the known to the unknown”
Mining Performance Metrics II 35
 IMPORTANT!
 The charts, graphs and tables used to report information
are no more than a means to an end.

 The real goal of meaningful reporting is to gain an

understanding of what is going on (analysis &
interpretation) and to devise strategies to correct
deficiencies (recommendations & action plans).

 The key to effective reporting is the ability to guide your

audience to the appropriate conclusions and to
obtain the resources / support necessary to be
successful!

Mining Performance Metrics II 36

Fuel Consumption … burn rate (vs. cumulative) >

 An Application / Operations metric.

 Used to assess application severity via engine
load factor due to changes in the application /
operation of the equipment.
 Impacts engine and major power train component
lives.
 Target defined by prediction based on historical data
and/ or mine plan & tools such as FPC.
 “Rule of Thumb”: Any change > 10% above or below
target requires revision of PCR and maintenance
strategy.

Mining Performance Metrics II 37

 Fuel Consumption … burn rate
Option #1:

 What’s good about it?

 Which report characteristics does it have? Which are missing?
 Any questions come to mind?
 What conclusions can be made?
 What action should be taken as a result of this report?

Mining Performance Metrics II 38

 Fuel Consumption … burn rate
Option #2:

 What’s good about it?

 Which report characteristics does it have? Which are missing?
 Any questions come to mind?
 What conclusions can be made?
 What action should be taken as a result of this report?
Mining Performance Metrics II 39
 Fuel Consumption … burn rate
Option #3:

 What’s good about it?

 Which report characteristics does it have? Which are missing?
 Any questions come to mind?
 What conclusions can be made?
 What action should be taken as a result of this report?
Mining Performance Metrics II 40
 Top Problem Summary >

 An Equipment Management metric.

 Enables Project Management to identify the most
significant issues and focus its resources on
their containment & resolution.
 Impacts availability & production for the fleet as
well as cost & efficient use of resources.
 Target: All downtime is documented by cause and in
terms of frequency, duration and cost of each
event.
 “Rule of Thumb”: Apply Pareto analysis; information
must be quantified and compared against
historical performance and / or established
references.
Mining Performance Metrics II 41
 Top Problem Summary
Option #1:

 What’s good about it?

 Which report characteristics
does it have? Which are
missing?
 Any questions come to mind?
 What conclusions can be made?

 What action should be taken as

a result of this report?

Mining Performance Metrics II 42

 Top Problem Summary
Option #2:

 What’s good about it?

 Which report characteristics does it have? Which are missing?
 Any questions come to mind?
 What conclusions can be made?
 What action should be taken as a result of this report?
Mining Performance Metrics II 43
 Top Problem Summary
Option #3:

Mining Performance Metrics II 44

 Top Problem Summary
Option #3 (cont’d.):

 What’s good about it?

 Which report characteristics does it have? Which are missing?
 Any questions come to mind?
 What conclusions can be made?
 What action should be taken as a result of this report?
Mining Performance Metrics II 45
 Top Problem Summary
“Generic” References:

Mining Performance Metrics II 46

 Top Problem Summary
Analysis & Interpretation
Issue Reason for Inclusion

Engine
Impact of engine-related downtime is double expectations (3.52% lost availability);
engine replacement costs are US $0.81 / hour over projection.
Final Drives Actual cost of final drive replacement is US $2.87 / hour above projections.
Hoist Cylinders
Actual cost of hoist cylinder replacement is over double the projected cost - US $2.88
vs. US 1.39 / hour.
Frequency of cooling system-related downtime events is nearly 16 X the reference.
Cooling System Contingent damage resulting from engine overheating may be impacting engine lives
and engine-related problems.
Electronics & Electrical
Frequency of E&E-related downtime events is over 4 X reference; impact on availability
is 3 X reference.
PM Impact of PM-related downtime is above expectations (0.75% lost availability).
Tires & Rims
Frequency of tire-related downtime events is over double the reference; impact on
availability is nearly double expectations.
Brakes
Frequency of brake-related downtime events is over three X the reference; impact on
availability is nearly double expectations.
Chassis
Frequency of chassis-related downtime events is over three X the reference; impact on
availability is over double expectations.
"unknown" Frequency of "unknown" downtime events is over four times normal.

Mining Performance Metrics II 47

 Top Problem Summary
Recommendations & Action Plans
Issue Action Plan

Engine
Define cause(s) of engine-related downtime; apply appropriate corrective action. Determine is engine cost overruns are the result of shorter than
expected component lives or excessive rebuild costs.
Final Drives

Hoist Cylinders

High frequency / low duration events … investigate to determine if one or more trucks is having to stop periodically to top up the radiator due to coolant
Cooling System
leakage or if the operator on one or more trucks is calling pit supervision to report an engine overheating situation. In either case (in spite of the
relatively low direct impact on availability) repeated overheating of the cooling system could result in early hour engine failures or, at least, lower than
expected engine lives.
Electronics & Electrical

PM
Quantify the effectiveness of PM, i.e. MTBS after PM, backlogs completed during PM, etc. If PM is judged to be relatively ineffective, investigate ways
to improve PM efficiency.
Tires & Rims

Brakes

Chassis
Review payload management, suspension maintenance and haul road conditions to quantify the contributions of each to this problem.

Improve workorder and recordskeeping disciplines to acceptable levels, e.g. all repair activities are documented by a workorder and all workorders are
"unknown"
entered into the machine history database.

Mining Performance Metrics II 48

 Payload Management >

 An Application / Operations metric.

 Used to verify compliance with Caterpillar’s 10-10-
20 policy and to optimize long term fleet
production.
 Impacts component lives, productivity, and
operating costs.
 Target payload defined by the difference between
the maximum gross machine weight and the
actual empty operating weight of the machine.
 “Rule of Thumb”: Average payload should not
exceed the target payload weight.

Mining Performance Metrics II 49

 Payload Management
Option #1:

 What’s good about it?

 Which report characteristics does it have? Which are missing?
 Any questions come to mind?
 What conclusions can be made?
 What action should be taken as a result of this report?
Mining Performance Metrics II 50
 Payload Management
Option #2:

 What’s good about it?

 Which report characteristics does it have? Which are missing?
 Any questions come to mind?
 What conclusions can be made?
 What action should be taken as a result of this report?
Mining Performance Metrics II 51
 Payload Management
Option #3:

 What’s good about it?

 Which report characteristics does it have? Which are missing?
 Any questions come to mind?
 What conclusions can be made?
 What action should be taken as a result of this report?
Mining Performance Metrics II 52
 Payload Management

71%

5.4% 0.5%

 Any questions come to mind?

 What conclusions can be made?
 What action should be taken as a result of this report?
Mining Performance Metrics II 53
 Payload Management

50%

13.5%
2.2%

 Any questions come to mind?

 What conclusions can be made?
 What action should be taken as a result of this report?
Mining Performance Metrics II 54
 Payload Management

50%

0.5%
9.4%

 Any questions come to mind?

 What conclusions can be made?
 What action should be taken as a result of this report?
Mining Performance Metrics II 55
 Production … (vs. productivity) >

 A MARC / Customer Satisfaction metric.

 Used to measure & ensure compliance with the mine
plan and customer’s production operations
requirements.
 Impacts customer satisfaction and opportunities for
repeat sales of machines & service.
 Target payload defined by the mine’s production
plan (which can vary over time).
 “Rule of Thumb”: CAUTION - Production shortfalls
may result in operational abuse & the use of
maintenance “shortcuts”.
Mining Performance Metrics II 56
 Production

 What’s good about it?

 Which report characteristics does it have? Which are missing?
 Any questions come to mind?
 What conclusions can be made?
 What action should be taken as a result of this report?
Mining Performance Metrics II 57
 % Scheduled >

 An Equipment Management metric.

 Defines the extent that Project Management is in
control of the situation vs. reacting to it and the
effectiveness of the equipment management
system.
 Impacts fleet availability, production & costs as well
as efficient use of resources.
 Target: 80% of all machine downtime is planned &
scheduled, i.e. all parts & resources are
allocated to the shop bay before the machine
arrives.
 “Rule of Thumb”: Assess the consequences of failure
to determine where to focus your resources.
Mining Performance Metrics II 58
 % Scheduled
Option #1:

 What’s good about it?

 Which report characteristics does it have? Which are missing?
 Any questions come to mind?
 What conclusions can be made?
 What action should be taken as a result of this report?
Mining Performance Metrics II 59
 % Scheduled
Option #2:

 What’s good about it?

 Which report characteristics does it have? Which are missing?
 Any questions come to mind?
 What conclusions can be made?
 What action should be taken as a result of this report?
Mining Performance Metrics II 60
 Cycle Time Analysis >

 An Application / Operations metric.

 Used to detect changes in the application /
operation of the equipment and to assess
relative site application severity.
 Impacts fuel rate, production, cool down period, and
major component lives.
 Target based on the mine’s historical data; may be
referenced to “typical” data from other sites.
 “Rule of Thumb”: Any change > 10% requires
review of PCR and maintenance strategy.

Mining Performance Metrics II 61

 Cycle Time Analysis
Option #1:

 What’s good about it?

 Which report characteristics does it have? Which are missing?
 Any questions come to mind?
 What conclusions can be made?
 What action should be taken as a result of this report?
Mining Performance Metrics II 62
 Cycle Time Analysis
Option #2:

 What’s good about it?

 Which report characteristics does it have? Which are missing?
 Any questions come to mind?
 What conclusions can be made?
 What action should be taken as a result of this report?
Mining Performance Metrics II 63
 Cycle Time Analysis
Option #3:
10 50

9 45

8 40
Empty Travel Speed
Average Cycle Distance
7 35

Speed - (km/hr)
6 30
Distance - (km)

5 25

4 20

3 15
Loaded Travel Speed
2 10

1 5

0 0
May-03 Jun-03 Jul-03 Aug-03 Sep-03 O ct-03 Nov-03 Dec-03 Jan-04 Feb-04 Mar-04 Apr-04

Mining Performance Metrics II 64

 Cycle Time Analysis
Option #3 (cont’d)
15

14

13
Loaded Travel Time
12

11
Time - (mins)

Idle Time
10

7
Empty Travel Time
6

5
May-03 Jun-03 Jul-03 Aug-03 Sep-03 O ct-03 Nov-03 Dec-03 Jan-04 Feb-04 Mar-04 Apr-04

Mining Performance Metrics II 65

 Cycle Time Analysis
Option #3 (cont’d)
15 280

14

13 260
Loaded Travel Time
12

Fuel Rate - (L/hr)

11 240
Time - (mins)

Idle Time Fuel Rate

10

9 220

7 200
Empty Travel Time
6
 What’s good about it?
5 180

 Which report characteristics does it have? Which are missing?

May-03 Jun-03 Jul-03 Aug-03 Sep-03 O ct-03 Nov-03 Dec-03 Jan-04 Feb-04 Mar-04 Apr-04

 Any questions come to mind?

 What conclusions can be made?
 What action should be taken as a result of this report?
Mining Performance Metrics II 66
 MTBS >

 An Equipment Management metric.

 Defines the frequency of machine downtime events;
an indication of inherent machine reliability &
equipment management effectiveness. Can be
evaluated on a fleet, individual machine &
component / system basis.
 Impacts fleet availability, production & resource
investment costs.
 Target: Varies significantly by machine family /
model, age and complexity.
 “Rule of Thumb”: Any investment in efforts to
increase MTBS is energy well directed.
Mining Performance Metrics II 67
 MTBS
Reliability Index = e^ -t/MTBS

 What’s your best chance for success?

Mining Performance Metrics II 68

 MTBS
Reliability Index = e^ -t/MTBS

 Something to consider!
 How do they do it?
Mining Performance Metrics II 69
 MTTR >

 An Equipment Management metric.

 Defines the duration of machine downtime events;
an indication of machine serviceability &
equipment management efficiency. Can be
evaluated on a fleet, individual machine &
component / system basis.
 Impacts fleet availability, production & resource
investment costs.
 Target: Varies somewhat by machine family /
model, age and repair complexity.
 “Rule of Thumb”: Efforts to reduce MTTR below
target limits can be ill-advised (& expensive!)
Mining Performance Metrics II 70
 MTTR
Exception to the Rule:

 Any questions come to mind?

 What conclusions can be made?
 What action should be taken as a result of this report?
Mining Performance Metrics II 71
 MTTR
Exception to the Rule:

Mining Performance Metrics II 72

 MTTR
Exception to the Rule:

-56.0%

Mining Performance Metrics II 73

 MTBS & MTTR
Impact on Resource Requirements:
80
1 Bay 2 Bays 3 Bays 4 Bays 5 Bays
(1 Bay) (1 Bay) (2 Bays) (2 Bays) (3 Bays)
70
6 Bays
(4 Bays)
60
7 Bays
(4 Bays)
MTBS - (Hours)

50
8 Bays
(5 Bays)
40
9 Bays
(6 Bays)
30
10 Bays
(6 Bays)
20
11 Bays
(7 Bays)
10

0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
MTTR - (Hours)
Mining Performance Metrics II 74
 Availability Index >

 An Equipment Management metric.

 Defines a “normalized” availability parameter by
ignoring the effects of utilization. Can be
used to compare fleet, individual machine &
component / system performance internally or
externally.
 Impacts fleet production & customer satisfaction.
 Target: Varies somewhat by machine family /
model, age and complexity.
 “Rule of Thumb”: MTBS drives the end result.

Mining Performance Metrics II 75

 Contractual Availability >

 A MARC / Customer Satisfaction metric ... (ONLY ?)

 Used to measure equipment management
performance in support of the customer’s
production goals.
 Impacts fleet production, customer satisfaction and
penalties / premiums linked to any
performance guarantees.
 Target determined the mine plan and defined either
by performance guarantee or customer
expectations.
 “Rule of Thumb”: Availability shortfalls are typically
the result of maintenance ineffectiveness
and/or equipment unreliability, i.e. MTBS.
Mining Performance Metrics II 76
MTBS / MTTR / Availability Index

 What’s good about it?

 Which report characteristics does it have? Which are missing?
 Any questions come to mind?
 What conclusions can be made?
 What action should be taken as a result of this report?
Mining Performance Metrics II 77
MTBS / MTTR / Availability Index

 What’s good about it?

 Which report characteristics does it have? Which are missing?
 Any questions come to mind?
 What conclusions can be made?
 What action should be taken as a result of this report?
Mining Performance Metrics II 78
Mining Performance
Metrics II

Skills
Assessment