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    Chem 281 Nomenclature of Inorganic Compounds

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    Fatma
    The document discusses nomenclature rules for inorganic compounds and acids. It covers naming cations, anions, polyatomic ions, and distinguishing between oxidation states using prefixes like hypo, per, -ous and -ic in names.

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    Chem 281 Nomenclature of Inorganic Compounds

    Uploaded by

    Fatma
    35 views10 pages
    The document discusses nomenclature rules for inorganic compounds and acids. It covers naming cations, anions, polyatomic ions, and distinguishing between oxidation states using prefixes like hypo, per, -ous and -ic in names.

    Original Description:

    Nomenclature of Inorganic compounds

    Original Title

    Nomenclature

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    The document discusses nomenclature rules for inorganic compounds and acids. It covers naming cations, anions, polyatomic ions, and distinguishing between oxidation states using prefixes like hypo, per, -ous and -ic in names.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    35 views10 pages

    Chem 281 Nomenclature of Inorganic Compounds

    Uploaded by

    Fatma
    The document discusses nomenclature rules for inorganic compounds and acids. It covers naming cations, anions, polyatomic ions, and distinguishing between oxidation states using prefixes like hypo, per, -ous and -ic in names.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 10

    Chem 281

    Nomenclature of Inorganic
    compounds
    • 1) In formulas the electropositive constituent (cation)
    should always be placed first.

    • 2) The name of the electropositive constituent is not


    modified. If the electronegative constituent is
    monoatomic or homopolyatomic, its name modified
    to end in -ide
    • Example: NaCl Sodium chloride
    • AsSe Arsenic Selenide
    Continued
    3)If the electronegative constituent is heteropolyatomic, it
    should be designated by the termination –ate. In certain
    exceptional cases the terminations –ide and –ite are used.

    Example: CaSO4 Calcium sulfate

    4) Names for ions and radicals:


    Monoatomic cations should be named as the
    corresponding element, without change or suffix.
    • Ex: Cu+ ion: The copper (I) ion
    Continued
    5)Molecular hydrides containing more than one atom
    of the element, the suffix -ane should be used.
    Ex: B2H6 Diborane
    6) The names of monoatomic anions consist of the
    name of the elements ends with the termination –ide.
    Ex: H-: hydride ion
    F-: fluoride ion
    N3-: nitride ion
    02-: oxide ion
    Continued:

    Certain polyatomic anions have names ending in –ide.


    Ex:
    0H-: hydroxide ion NH2-: imide ion
    022-: peroxide ion NH2- amide ion
    02-: superoxide ion CN- cyanide ion
    S22-: disulfide ion C22-: acetylide ion
    I3-: triioide ion
    N3-: azide ion
    Continued:
    7) For oxygen containing groups: The termination –ite has
    been used to denote a lower oxidation state, -ate ending
    used for high oxidation state.
    Ex: N02- nitrite ion N03- nitrate ion
    N(III) oxidation state N(V) oxidation state

    S032- nitrite ion S042- nitrate ion


    S(IV) oxidation state N(VI) oxidation state

    As032- arsenite ion As042- arsenate ion


    As(IV) oxidation state As(VI) oxidation state
    Continued:
    Nomenclature of acids:
    1)Acids giving rise to –ide anions are named as binary
    compounds of hydrogen.

    Ex: HCl hydrogen chloride


    H2S hydrogen sulfide
    HCN hydrogen cyanide
    Acids continued:

    2) For oxo acids –ous or –ic notation is used to


    distinguish between different oxidation states.
    -ous names are restricted to acids corresponding to –
    ite anions.
    -ic names are given the acids corresponding to –ate
    anions.
    Ex: N02- nitrite ion HN02 nitrous acid
    N03- nitrate ion HN03 nitric acid
    Acids continued:
    • S032- sulfite ion H2S03 sulfurous acid
    • S042- sulfate ion H2S04 sulfuric acid

    • The prefix ‘hypo’ is used to denote lowest


    oxidation state.
    • The prefix ‘per’ used to denote highest
    oxidation state.
    Acids continued
    • Cl04- perchlorate ion perchloric acid
    • Cl03- chlorate ion chloric acid
    • Cl02- chlorite ion chlorous acid
    • Cl0- hypochlorite ion hypochlorous acid

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