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Signal Processing and Signal Spectra

This document discusses concepts related to signal processing and linear systems theory. It covers the following key points: 1. MATLAB will be required for homework, projects, and simulations. Key toolboxes include Symbolic Math, Signal Processing, and Control Systems. 2. Reasons for studying linear systems theory include that it provides tools for analysis and design of communication, control, and signal processing systems which can often be approximated as linear models. 3. A signal represents a physical waveform that carries information, while a system processes input signals to produce output signals. Signals can be classified based on properties like being deterministic or stochastic, periodic or aperiodic, continuous or discrete time.

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Renz Arellano
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43 views17 pages

Signal Processing and Signal Spectra

This document discusses concepts related to signal processing and linear systems theory. It covers the following key points: 1. MATLAB will be required for homework, projects, and simulations. Key toolboxes include Symbolic Math, Signal Processing, and Control Systems. 2. Reasons for studying linear systems theory include that it provides tools for analysis and design of communication, control, and signal processing systems which can often be approximated as linear models. 3. A signal represents a physical waveform that carries information, while a system processes input signals to produce output signals. Signals can be classified based on properties like being deterministic or stochastic, periodic or aperiodic, continuous or discrete time.

Uploaded by

Renz Arellano
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Signal Processing and

Signal Spectra
Lecture 1
Signals
1. Project
2. Towards the end of the semester, each study
group will complete a project applying the
concepts they have learned in the class. The
groups will present their projects (use power
points and Microsoft Words)
Signals
1. MATLAB and MATLAB Workshop
2. MATLAB will be required for some
homework problem and projects.
MATLAB
1. Matlab is required for this course. The following toolboxes are also
required: Symbolic Math, Signal Processing, and Control Systems.
There several options for obtaining Matlab.
2. The student version of Matlab is recommended and endorsed for this
course. It comes with the Symbolic Math toolbox. The Signal
Processing and Control Systems toolboxes can also be purchased at a
reduced price with student ID. The student version of Matlab does not
expire.
3. .
Signals

Lecture # 1
Introduction to Signals
Signals and Systems 1
1. Reasons for studying linear
systems theory
2. Mathematical description
3. MATLAB generation of signals
and sequences
Reasons for studying linear systems theory

1. Engineers, scientists, and mathematicians all use


linear systems theory because it is the
foundation for building many of the things we
use in our daily lives.
2. The theory of Linear systems provides
powerful tools for analysis and design, and
3. many communications, control, and signal
processing systems can be approximated by
linear models.
Reasons for studying linear systems theory

1. By applying these tools to suitable mathematical


models, we can design and develop better
systems and also shorten the production cycle.
2. Computer simulation plays a central role in
applying linear systems theory and there are
now available powerful and easy-to-use software
packages.
3. One of these, MATLAB, is used extensively in
this class.
Reasons for studying linear systems theory

1. We will consider both discrete-time and


continuous-time systems in this class.
2. Discrete-time systems is referred to a systems
whose signals change only in discrete-time
instants.
3. The systems whose signals vary continuously
with time called continuous time systems.
4. Usually they refer to discrete and continuous
systems.
Signals and Systems
(Signals & Systems)

Signals Sequences Systems

Electrocardiogram (ECG or EKG)


Sound is an example of signal
1. What is sound?
2. How can we characterize our
perceptions of sound?
3. How can we classify signal/
sounds?
4. How can we measure
signal/sounds?
Sound
1. Pressure variations
2. Microphone converts to voltage
3. Oscilloscope displays voltage
change with time (a waveform)
Signals and Systems
1. A signal is the physical form of a waveform, like a
sound wave or a radio wave.
2. Time is often the independent variable for signal.
3. The independent variable can be 1-D or 2-D (space x, y
in image), 3-D or N-D
4. A system is an object or channel that changes a signal
that passes through it.
5. Amplifiers are systems that increase the amplitude of
signals passing through them.
6. Attenuators are systems that decrease the amplitude of
signals passing through them.
Signals and Systems
1. This course deals with mathematical
methods used to describe signals and
to analyze and synthesize systems.
2. Signals are variables that carry
information
3. Systems process input signals to
produce output signals
Signals and Systems
1. Signals
1. physical form of a waveform
2. e.g. a sound, electrical current, radio wave
2. Systems
1. a channel that changes a signal that passes through it
2. e.g. a telephone connection, a room, a vocal tract

Input Signal System Output Signal


Signals and Systems
1. Description of signals
1. waveform, amplitude, period, fundamental
frequency
2. spectrum, harmonic, harmonic amplitude
& phase
2. Description of systems?
1. how to characterize them?
2. how to measure them?
Signals:
1. Classification of Signals
1. Deterministic and Stochastic signals
2. Periodic and Aperiodic signals
3. Continuous time (CT) and Discrete time (DT)
4. Causal and anti-causal signals
5. Right and left sided signals
6. Bounded and unbounded signals
7. Even and odd signals

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