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    Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome

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    Anthony Riggs
    Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) is altered organ function in acutely ill patients that requires medical intervention to support continued organ function. MODS can be primary, resulting from direct tissue damage from impaired perfusion or ischemia. It can also be secondary, often a complication of systemic inflammatory response syndrome or sepsis. The clinical manifestations of MODS usually begin with the lungs, liver, gastrointestinal system, and kidneys failing within 72 hours of the initiating event. Treatment focuses on controlling the initiating event, promoting adequate organ perfusion, and providing nutritional support.

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    Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome

    Uploaded by

    Anthony Riggs
    738 views19 pages
    Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) is altered organ function in acutely ill patients that requires medical intervention to support continued organ function. MODS can be primary, resulting from direct tissue damage from impaired perfusion or ischemia. It can also be secondary, often a complication of systemic inflammatory response syndrome or sepsis. The clinical manifestations of MODS usually begin with the lungs, liver, gastrointestinal system, and kidneys failing within 72 hours of the initiating event. Treatment focuses on controlling the initiating event, promoting adequate organ perfusion, and providing nutritional support.

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    Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) is altered organ function in acutely ill patients that requires medical intervention to support continued organ function. MODS can be primary, resulting from direct tissue damage from impaired perfusion or ischemia. It can also be secondary, often a complication of systemic inflammatory response syndrome or sepsis. The clinical manifestations of MODS usually begin with the lungs, liver, gastrointestinal system, and kidneys failing within 72 hours of the initiating event. Treatment focuses on controlling the initiating event, promoting adequate organ perfusion, and providing nutritional support.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    738 views19 pages

    Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome

    Uploaded by

    Anthony Riggs
    Multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) is altered organ function in acutely ill patients that requires medical intervention to support continued organ function. MODS can be primary, resulting from direct tissue damage from impaired perfusion or ischemia. It can also be secondary, often a complication of systemic inflammatory response syndrome or sepsis. The clinical manifestations of MODS usually begin with the lungs, liver, gastrointestinal system, and kidneys failing within 72 hours of the initiating event. Treatment focuses on controlling the initiating event, promoting adequate organ perfusion, and providing nutritional support.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    of 19

    MULTIPLE ORGAN DYSFUNCTION

    SYNDROME (MODS)

    is altered organ function in acutely


    ill patients that requires medical
    intervention to support continued
    organ functions.
    The actual incidence of MODS is
    difficult to determine because it
    develops with acutely illnesses
    that compromise tissue perfusion.
    PATHOPHYSIOLOGY
    MODS can be classified as
    PRIMARY
    SECONDARY

    PRIMARY – is the result of direct tissue


    impaired perfusion or ischemia
    SECONDARY – is often the complication
    of SIRS and sepsis
    SIRS- systemic inflammatory response
    syndrome
    - overwhelming inflammatory
    response in the absence of
    infection causing relative
    hypovolemic and decreased
    tissue perfusion.
    MODS can be a complication of any
    form of shock because of inadequate
    tissue perfusion.

    SHOCK- all organ systems suffer damage


    from lack of adequate perfusion
    that result in organ failure
    VARIOUS CAUSE OF MODS
    *dead or injured tissue
    *infection
    *perfusion deficits

    The organ failure usually begin


    *lungs
    *liver
    *gastrointestinal system
    *kidney
    CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS

    *both in primary and secondary MODS


    low blood pressure is the first
    manifestation but after treatment the
    patient appears to respond.
    *in case of primary MODS when the lungs
    is being affected/injure the patient
    experiences respiratory compromise
    that necessitates intubation .
     CLINICAL MANIFESTION

    *usually occur with in 72 hours after


    the initiating event, respiratory failure
    failure leads rapidly to MODS.
    * secondary MODS which occurs most
    often in patient with septic shock
    *the pattern is more insidious and
    progressively unfolds over about one
    month.
    *the patient also experience respiratory
    failure and require intubation.
    *they remain hemodynamically stable for
    about 14 days
    *despite apparent stability they exhibit a
    hyper metabolic state that is
    characterized by hyperglycemic-
    -elevated blood sugar
    Hyperlacticacidemia-excess of lactic
    acid in the blood.
    POLYURIA-excessive urine output.
    *infection is usually present and skin
    breakdown begins.
    *during this stage there is sever loss
    of skeletal muscle mass.
    *if the hyper metabolic phase can be
    reversed the patient can be survive
    with some damage to affected organ.
    *if the hyper metabolic process cannot
    be halted and cells do not receive
    adequate oxygen and nutrients the
    patient has irreversible organ failure
    and dies.
    *if hyper metabolic phase cannot be
    reversed, MOSD progresses it is
    characterized by jaundice
    hyuperbilirubinemia
    (liver failure)
    oliguria progressing to anuria
    (renal failure) that require dialysis.
    *Patients become less hemodynamic ally
    stable and begin to require vasoactive
    medication and fluid support.

    *the onset of organ dysfunction is an


    ominous progressive sign, the more
    organs that fail, the worse the
    outcome.
    MEDICAL MANGEMENT
    *Prevention remains the top priority to
    in managing MODS.
    *elderly patients are at risk for MODS
    - aging
    - degenerative process
    - immune compromise
    - chronic illness
    - malnutrition
    -immunosuppression
    -surgical / traumatic wounds
    *if prevention measure fail, treatment
    measure's to reverse MODS are aimed

    * controlling the initiating events


    *promoting adequate organ perfusion
    * providing nutritional support
    NURSING MANAGEMENT
    *supporting the patient
    *monitoring organ perfusion
    *providing information
    *support to the family members
    *address end-of-life decisions to
    ensure supportive therapy
    *all invasive procedure must be carried
    out with aseptic techniques after
    careful hand hygiene.
    *IV lines, arterial and venous punctures
    sites, surgical incisions, traumatic
    wound, urinary catheter and pressure
    ulcer must be monitored for signs of
    infections
    NURSING MANAGEMET
    *identification and elimination of the
    cause of infection
    *any routes of infection must be
    eliminated like IV lines are removed
    and reinserted at other body sites,
    urinary catheter must be removed,
    any abscess are drained and necrotic
    area are debrided.
    *nurses must know how to identify
    patient who are at risk for sepsis –
    elderly, immunosuppressed, extensive
    traumas, burn
    *Specimen for culture and sensitivity
    are often obtained
    *fever is one body’s natural mechanism
    for fighting infections.
    *nurses must monitor blood levels like
    BUN, Creatinine, WBC, hemoglobin,
    hematocrit, platelet level

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