Computer Networks: Unit 3

Computer Networks
Unit 3
Network
A computer network is an interconnected group of
independent computers or devices.

The main purpose of networking is sharing of
resources
Cheap and faster communication is another advantage
of networking
Need of Computer Network
Resource sharing
File sharing
Communication
Cost efficient & time saving
Scheduled activities
Shared Internet Access
Data security
Types of Computer Networks
Personal Area Network (PAN) : Used for
coordinating the personal resources
Local Area Network (LAN) : coordinating the
resources of entire floor, home.

Metropolitan Area Network (MAN) : coordinating
the resources of entire block or locality.

Wide Area Network (WAN) : it covers the wide
geographical area.
Components of Computer Network
Server : A server is the main computer in the network
which stores and processes all the data and
information.
Client or Workstation : Workstation are single
computer system in the network from where the
request of information is made
Communication medium : Signals and data flow
through these mediums.
Network Interface Card : It’s a electronic device
which enables the workstation to connect with the
Network
Networking Devices
Assignment 2.1
Describe the following devices with the help of diagrams :
1.Hub
2.Switches
3.Cables
Communication Media
 Guided Media (Wired) : Communication occurs through
the physical media.

 Unguided Media (Unwired) : communication travels
through non physical media

Assignment 2.2
Describe the following in detail :
1.Twisted Pair Cables
2.Coaxial Cables
3.Optical Fiber
4.Bluetooth technology
5.Infrared technology
6.Wi-Fi technology
Network Topologies
The physical layout of the cables, computers, and other
peripheral devices is called the topology

Basically we have three types of topologies
o Linear Bus Topology

o Ring Topology
o Star Topology
Linear Bus Topology
Linear Bus topology consists of central line of cable called
the back bone and have terminals on both sides of it.
Advantages :
1. Easy to connect the peripherals with the central line.
2. Requires less cable length as compared to the other topologies
Disadvantages:
1. Any break in the central cable will shut the entire system
down.
2. Terminators are required at the both ends of the central cables.
3. If a problem occurs it is hard to find the fault in the system.
4. The no of computer attached is limited depending upon the
central cable.
5. Not ideal for a setup of a large building
Ring Topology:
In this topology the nodes are connected in the form of a
ring forming a circular path for the signal.
Advantages :
1) Better performance than star topology when network
load is high
2) Large network can be created using Token ring
Disadvantages :
1) Failure of one node will affect the network
2) Addition of deletion of device in network affects it
3) NIC card required for this setup, it is expensive

Star Topology
HUB
Star Topology
Star ties all the nodes to the server via HUB.
Here direct transaction between the workstations is not
allowed
If one link fails only that connection is affected rest
will continue performing
The above statement allows the detection and
correction of the fault easy
Large number of long cables are required to setup this
topology.
Mesh topology
Advantages
1. Use of dedicated links guarantees that each connection carry
its own data load, thus getting rid of traffic problem
2. It is a robust topology. Failure in one ling will not hamper
the functionality of the entire setup.
3. It provides good amount of security and privacy of the data
as it flows in dedicated lines.
4. Fault identification is very easy in this topology.
Disadvantages
1. As every device is connected to every device, installation
and reconfiguration in mesh topology are very difficult.
2. A good amount of cabling and the number of IO ports are
required.
3. It is very expensive then other topology.
Hybrid Topology
There are the topologies made by the combination

of two or more topologies already discussed.

Computer Networks: Unit 3

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Computer Networks: Unit 3

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Computer Networks: Unit 3

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Computer Networks

independent computers or devices.

Cost efficient & time saving

Shared Internet Access

resources of entire floor, home.

the resources of entire block or locality.

the physical media.

through non physical media

peripheral devices is called the topology

o Linear Bus Topology

1) Better performance than star topology when network

2) Large network can be created using Token ring

1) Failure of one node will affect the network

2) Addition of deletion of device in network affects it

3) NIC card required for this setup, it is expensive

There are the topologies made by the combination

You might also like