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Purposeful, Reflective Judgment

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Elle Es Callwood
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214 views13 pages

Purposeful, Reflective Judgment

Uploaded by

Elle Es Callwood
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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PURPOSEFUL, REFLECTIVE

JUDGMENT
CHAPTER 01
Questions for Chapter 1
o What is critical thinking?
o Why is it important to you and all of us?
o How can critical thinking be “critical” but
not “critical”? (Important but not negative)
o How is a mental skill different than a habit
of mind?
o How can we use a rubric to evaluate
critical thinking holistically?

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.


Critical Thinking

o The process of using reasoned


judgment
o Used to decide what to believe or do

Critical thinking is not about


specifically what to believe or do

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.


Hindrances to Critical Thinking

o Pressure toward uniformity of belief


o Punishment for questioning authority
o Withholding of key information
o Fear about asking tough questions
o Manipulation to manage or trick people
into believing lies

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.


In any interconnected
system...

…a few errors in critical


thinking can have large and
catastrophic consequences

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.


Critical thinking is the process of
purposeful, self-regulatory
judgment.

Its purpose is to form a well-


reasoned and fair-minded
judgment regarding what to
believe or what to do.

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.


Critical Thinking Is:

o An essential tool of inquiry


o A liberating force, freeing us from
mistaken beliefs
o A powerful resource in life and work

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.


Thinking critically has
consequences—as when it…

…causes us to question cherished


beliefs
…leads us to demand reasons and
evidence
…results in a reconsideration of a prior
judgment or decision
Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
Critical thinking relies on mental
skills that we can improve with
practice.

But we also
must be
habitually
disposed to use
those skills.

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.


The “Holistic Critical Thinking
Scoring Rubric” Asks About
o Accurately interpreting evidence,
statements, graphics, questions, etc.
o Identifying salient arguments (reasons
and claims) pro and con
o Thoughtfully analyzing and evaluating
major alternative points of view

Continued

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.


A Holistic Rubric for Strong
Critical Thinking
o Drawing warranted, judicious, non-
fallacious conclusions
o Justifying key results and procedures
o Explaining assumptions and reasons
o Fair-mindedly following where
evidence and reasons lead

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.


What Do You Think?
Why are these statements mistakes?
1. Critical thinking has no application in day-to-
day life.
2. “Critical thinking” means making criticisms of
other people’s ideas.
3. Democracies get along just fine even if people
do not think for themselves.
4. Decisions about how I want to live my life do
not affect other people.

Continued

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.


What Do You Think?
Why are these statements mistakes?
Why are these statements false?
5. Reflective decision making requires little or no
effort.
6. Deciding what to believe or what to do is not
possible without critical thinking.
7. If we disagree on something, then one of us is
not using critical thinking.
8. Every time I make a judgment I am engaged in
critical thinking.

Copyright © 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

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