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Wireless Sensor Network

The document summarizes a seminar on wireless sensor networks. It describes wireless sensor networks as consisting of spatially distributed autonomous sensors that cooperatively monitor environmental conditions. Key challenges include detecting relevant quantities, monitoring and collecting data, assessing information, and performing decision-making. A typical wireless sensor network consists of sensor nodes, transceivers, and a central unit. Sensor nodes gather sensory information and communicate with other nodes. Applications of wireless sensor networks include industrial monitoring, healthcare, security, and environmental sensing.

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Anil Kumar
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164 views19 pages

Wireless Sensor Network

The document summarizes a seminar on wireless sensor networks. It describes wireless sensor networks as consisting of spatially distributed autonomous sensors that cooperatively monitor environmental conditions. Key challenges include detecting relevant quantities, monitoring and collecting data, assessing information, and performing decision-making. A typical wireless sensor network consists of sensor nodes, transceivers, and a central unit. Sensor nodes gather sensory information and communicate with other nodes. Applications of wireless sensor networks include industrial monitoring, healthcare, security, and environmental sensing.

Uploaded by

Anil Kumar
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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A

SEMINAR
ON
WIRELESS SENSOR
NETWORK
By
Anil Kumar
Under the guidance of
Er. ROSALIN OJHA
Why Wireless Sensor Network ?

 The field of wireless sensor


networks offers a rich,
multi-disciplinary
 area of research, in which a mm_int benchmark

variety of tools and 84219

concepts can be
 employed to address a 29598

diverse set of applications.


 As such, many
Original C Machsuif_to_C
 potentials of this field have
been under study both in
academia and in
 the industry.
What is Wireless Sensor Network ?

 wireless sensor network (WSN) consists of spatially distributed 


autonomous sensors to cooperatively monitor physical or
environmental conditions, such as temperature, sound, vibration
, pressure, motion or pollutants

 The development of wireless sensor networks was motivated by


military applications such as battlefield surveillance and are now
used in many industrial and civilian application areas, including
industrial process monitoring and control, machine health
monitoring, environment and habitat monitoring, healthcare
applications, home automation, and traffic control
The challenges in the hierarchy of: WSN

detecting the relevant quantities,


monitoring and collecting the data,
assessing and evaluating the information,
formulating meaningful user displays,
and
performing decision-making and alarm
functions are enormous.
Description of a typical multihop WSN

In addition to one or more sensors, each node in a sensor network


is typically equipped with a radio transceiver or other wireless
communications device, a small microcontroller, and an energy
source, usually a battery. Asensor node might vary in size from
that of a shoebox down to the size of a grain of dust, although
functioning "motes" of genuine microscopic dimensions have yet
to be created. The cost of sensor nodes is similarly variable,
ranging from hundreds of dollars to a few pennies, depending on
the size of the sensor network and the complexity required of
individual sensor nodes. Size and cost constraints on sensor nodes
result in corresponding constraints on resources such as energy,
memory, computational speed and bandwidth
Reforise Cfg
COMPLETE SYSTEM DESCRIPTION OF WSN

Consist of three major components

SENSOR NODE

TRANSCEIVER

A CENTRAL UNIT
SENSOR NODE

A sensor node, also known as a 'mote‘

(chiefly in North America), is a node

in a wireless sensor network that is capable

of performing some processing, gathering

sensory information and communication

with other connected nodes in the network


Components of a Sensor Node
 Microcontroller

 Transceiver

 Memory

 Ram (random access memory)

 Rom (read only memory )

 Power source

 One or more sensors.


Advantage
  Limited power they can harvest or store
  Ability to withstand harsh environmental conditions
  Ability to cope with node failures
  Mobility of nodes
  Dynamic network topology
  Communication failures
  Heterogeneity of nodes
  Low cost
  Low power
  Small size
Disadvantage

 Short communication distanc

 Its damn easy for hackers to hack it as we cant


control propagation of waves

 Comparatively low speed of communication

 Gets distracted by various elements like Blue-tooth

 Still Costly at large


Application

� Industrial control & monitoring

� Health care

� Security & military surveillance

� Environmental sensing

� Home automation & consumer electronics


Security and militry survilance
Conclusion
 To realize the ubiquitous computing in human life a sensor network may
be the powerful
 tool, because they can be deployed at the places where a man can not
reach.
 However it is
 negative sides also because the power of sensor node can not be
refreshed.To realize the power
 control and power saving every layer take care of that. At Physical layer
modulation schemes are
 chosen according to that. At MAC layer contention free schemes are used.
At
 Network layer multihop routing and data centric routing is used. At the
time when guaranteed delivery is required TCP can also be used.
 TCP is used in addition to link layer retransmission. Software which is
used on application layer
 also should be power aware software.
Questions?
Comments?
Thank You

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