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    Urinary System and Homeostasis: DR - Dr.zaenal M. Sofro, AIFM, Sport & Circ. Med. Bagian Ilmu Faal Fak - Kedokteran UGM

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    The urinary system maintains homeostasis in several key ways: 1) It removes nitrogenous waste from the bloodstream in the form of urea. 2) It controls water and salt balance in the bloodstream. 3) It is involved in regulating blood pressure. The kidneys achieve these functions through three main physiological processes within the nephron: filtration, reabsorption, and secretion. Filtration removes waste from the blood into urine, while reabsorption and secretion help regulate water, salt, and other substance levels. This maintains balanced fluid compartments and electrolyte concentrations throughout the body.

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    Urinary System and Homeostasis: DR - Dr.zaenal M. Sofro, AIFM, Sport & Circ. Med. Bagian Ilmu Faal Fak - Kedokteran UGM

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    The urinary system maintains homeostasis in several key ways: 1) It removes nitrogenous waste from the bloodstream in the form of urea. 2) It controls water and salt balance in the bloodstream. 3) It is involved in regulating blood pressure. The kidneys achieve these functions through three main physiological processes within the nephron: filtration, reabsorption, and secretion. Filtration removes waste from the blood into urine, while reabsorption and secretion help regulate water, salt, and other substance levels. This maintains balanced fluid compartments and electrolyte concentrations throughout the body.

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    4.. HOMEOST URIN

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    The urinary system maintains homeostasis in several key ways: 1) It removes nitrogenous waste from the bloodstream in the form of urea. 2) It controls water and salt balance in the bloodstream. 3) It is involved in regulating blood pressure. The kidneys achieve these functions through three main physiological processes within the nephron: filtration, reabsorption, and secretion. Filtration removes waste from the blood into urine, while reabsorption and secretion help regulate water, salt, and other substance levels. This maintains balanced fluid compartments and electrolyte concentrations throughout the body.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    34 views33 pages

    Urinary System and Homeostasis: DR - Dr.zaenal M. Sofro, AIFM, Sport & Circ. Med. Bagian Ilmu Faal Fak - Kedokteran UGM

    Uploaded by

    Ni Made Dwiki Andriyani
    The urinary system maintains homeostasis in several key ways: 1) It removes nitrogenous waste from the bloodstream in the form of urea. 2) It controls water and salt balance in the bloodstream. 3) It is involved in regulating blood pressure. The kidneys achieve these functions through three main physiological processes within the nephron: filtration, reabsorption, and secretion. Filtration removes waste from the blood into urine, while reabsorption and secretion help regulate water, salt, and other substance levels. This maintains balanced fluid compartments and electrolyte concentrations throughout the body.

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    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 33

    URINARY SYSTEM AND

    HOMEOSTASIS

    Dr.dr.Zaenal M. Sofro, AIFM, Sport & Circ. Med.


    Bagian Ilmu Faal Fak.Kedokteran UGM
    NaCl
    Stimulates fluid
    absorption Enhances taste

    Promotes fluid Helps body to


    balance “hold” onto water

    Avoid Maintains desire to


    Hyponatremia drink
    Muscle Physiology

    Muscle

    Motor Neuron

    Motor Unit

    Muscle Fibres
    Connecti ve
    Tissue ISF
    3L

    Transcellular
    Intra-

    Flu id 1L
    Plasma

    ISF and
    Cellular
    3L

    Lymph
    8L Fluid
    24L

    Bone
    3L
    Homeostasis

    • The urinary system maintains


    homeostasis in several ways:
    – Removal of urea (nitrogenous waste) from
    the bloodstream.
    – Control of water and salt balance in the
    bloodstream.
    – Involved in blood pressure regulation.
    Bayi yang Laki-laki dewasa Perempuan dewasa
    baru Lahir
    ICF ISF plasma organs
    external
    environment
    internal environment

    Exchange and communication are key concepts for


    understanding physiological homeostasis.
    Body Fluid Compartments:

    2/3
    ICF:
    55%~75%

    X 50~70% TBW
    lean body weight

    3/4 Extravascular
    Interstitial
    fluid
    • Male (60%) > female (50%)

    • Most concentrated in skeletal muscle


    1/3
    • TBW=0.6xBW ECF
    • ICF=0.4xBW

    • ECF=0.2xBW

    Intravascular
    1/4 plasma
    Internal Structure of the
    Kidney
    Renal
    Lobe
    Renal
    pyramids

    Renal papilla

    Renal
    Columns 13
    Kidney - Internal Micro Anatomy
    • Nephron – the functional unit of kidney
    – Three physiological processes: 1) filtration, 2) reabsorption , and
    3) secretion
    – These three processes cooperate to achieve the various functions
    of the kidney
    – Different sites  different primary functions
    Renin

    • Renin is an enzyme released by the


    kidneys in response to a drop in blood
    pressure.
    • Renin catalyzes the production of
    angiotensin, a hormone that causes
    arterioles to constrict, raising blood
    pressure. This also causes water
    retention. How does this maintain
    homeostasis of blood pressure?
    Renal Corpuscle and Filtration

    16
    General Level of Physiologic Function %

    120

    100

    80

    50

    40

    20

    0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90

    Age, year Active Person


    Sedentary Person
    Erythropoietin

    • A second response to low blood


    pressure is the release of erythropoietin,
    another hormone.
    • Erythropoietin travels to the bone
    marrow and stimulates the production of
    new blood cells. How does this maintain
    homeostasis?
    Proximal tubule

    • Nutrients (salts, vitamins, etc.) are


    moved out of the tubule through active
    transport.
    • Water follows the nutrients by osmosis.
    Nephron-Tubular System
    1. Proximal
    convoluted tubule
    2. Descending loop
    of Henle
    3. Ascending loop
    of Henle
    4. Distal convoluted
    tubule
    5. Collecting duct

    20
    Loop of Henle

    • Tissue around
    the Loop of
    Henle is salty,
    from active
    transport and
    diffusion of
    sodium
    chloride.
    • The salty
    conditions
    allow water to
    diffuse out of
    the loop.
    Distal tubule

    • Active
    transport is
    used to move
    more
    nutrients out
    of the
    concentrated
    urine.
    • Some ions,
    drugs, and
    toxins are
    actively
    Collecting Duct

    • More water
    leaves the tube
    by osmosis,
    since the tube is
    surrounded by
    salty tissue.
    • Some urea
    leaves by
    diffusion, and
    may be cycled
    through the
    system.
    Extremely Dehydrated

    Mildly Dehidrated
    Figure 25.5
    PENGARUH JENIS MINUMAN TERHADAP
    OSMOLARITAS TUBUH

    urine
    flow

    drink 1200
    ml water drink 1200 ml
    isotonic saline
    osmolarity

    urine flow

    Two Very Different Experimental


    Observations
    Thirst
    Second Level

    Brain Stem Third Level

    First Level
    Thank You

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