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Introduction To Embedded System and Pic Programming in C

The document provides an introduction to embedded systems and PIC microcontroller programming in C. It defines embedded systems as computer systems with dedicated functions within larger mechanical or electrical systems, often with real-time constraints. It discusses the components of computers and embedded systems, including microprocessors, microcontrollers, memory, and input/output. Examples of embedded system applications include automotive systems like engine control, industrial automation like robotics, and home automation devices like appliances and security systems.

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Muhammad Abd Jalil
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174 views23 pages

Introduction To Embedded System and Pic Programming in C

The document provides an introduction to embedded systems and PIC microcontroller programming in C. It defines embedded systems as computer systems with dedicated functions within larger mechanical or electrical systems, often with real-time constraints. It discusses the components of computers and embedded systems, including microprocessors, microcontrollers, memory, and input/output. Examples of embedded system applications include automotive systems like engine control, industrial automation like robotics, and home automation devices like appliances and security systems.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Abd Jalil
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INTROD U CTION TO

EMBEDDED SYSTEM
AND PIC
PROG RA MMING IN C
DEC5052 – EMBEDDED SYSTEM
By: Shaifol Ifrad Ibrahim
A P P L I C AT I O N S
CHAPTER OBJECTIVE

• Know the concept of embedded system


• Know c programming for PIC microcontroller
• Understand digital input and output (I/O) programming in
C
• Apply C program for time delay and I/O operations
CONCEPT OF
EMBEDDED SYSTEM
What are some components of a
computer?
What is a Microprocessor?
A Microcontroller?
An Embedded System?
An embedded system is a computer system with a dedicated function within a larger
mechanical or electrical system, often with real-time computing constraints. It is
embedded as part of a complete device often including hardware and mechanical parts.
Embedded systems control many devices in common use today
COMPONENTS OF A COMPUTER

• Central Processing Unit


– Interprets and carries out all the instructions contained in software
• Memory
– Used to store instructions and data
– Random Access Memory (RAM)
– Read Only Memory (ROM)
• Input/Output
– Used to communicate with the outside world
BLOCK DIAGRAM OF A COMPUTER
SYSTEM
a) Central processing unit (CPU)
b) Main memory
c) Secondary memory
d) Input unit
e) Output unit
MICROPROCESSOR

• A single chip that contains a whole CPU


– Has the ability to fetch and execute instructions stored in memory
– Has the ability to access external memory, external I/O and other
peripherals
• Examples:
– Intel P4 or AMD Athlon in desktops/notebooks
– ARM processor in Apple iPod
MICROCONTROLLER

• Essentially a microprocessor with on-chip memories and I/O devices


• Designed for specific functions
• All in one solution - Reduction in chip count
– Reduced cost, power, physical size, etc.
• Examples
– PIC16F877A, MC68332, MC68HC11, PPC555
• More details of components
– A/D and D/A converters, PWM, communications,
timing circuits, many others
MICROCONTROLLER AND ITS
COMPONENT
MICROPROCESSOR IN A
MICROCONTROLLER
MICRO P VS MICRO C
Microprocessor-based System Microcontroller-based System

ROM EEPROM

RAM
Microprocessor

Serial I/O

A/D Input Input Parallel I/O


and and
Analog output output
I/O ports ports Timer
D/A
PWM
MICRO P VS MICRO C cont…

• The microprocessor is a processor on one silicon


chip.
• The microcontrollers are used in embedded
computing.
• The microcontroller is a microprocessor with added
circuitry.
WHAT IS AN EMBEDDED SYSTEM?

• An embedded system is a special-purpose computer system


designed to perform one or a few dedicated functions, often with
real-time computing constraints.
• It is usually embedded as part of a complete device including
hardware and mechanical parts.
• In contrast, a general-purpose computer, such as a personal
computer, can do many different tasks depending on programming.
• Embedded systems control many of the common devices in use
today.
-- Wikipedia
DEFINITION FOR EMBEDDED SYSTEM

• Computer purchased as part of some other piece of


equipment
• Typically dedicated software (may be user-customizable)
• Often replaces previously electromechanical components
• Often no “real” keyboard
• Often limited display or no general-purpose display device
• Computing systems embedded within electronic devices
• Nearly any computing system other than a desktop computer
COMMON CHARACTERISTICS OF
EMBEDDED SYSTEMS
• Single-functioned
– Executes a single program, repeatedly.

• Tightly-constrained
– Low cost, low power, small, fast, etc.

• Reactive and real-time


– Continually reacts to changes in the system’s environment.
– Must compute certain results in real-time without delay
EMBEDDED SYSTEM APPLICATION
MICROCONTROLLER IN A CAR
CAR ELECTRONIC SYSTEM
ADVANTAGES OF MICROCONTROLLER
APPLICATION
• Design and Efficiency
– The central processing core in embedded systems is generally less
complicated, making it easier to maintain.
– The limited function required of embedded systems allows them to
be designed to most efficiently perform their functions.

• Cost
– The streamlined make-up of most embedded systems allows their
parts to be smaller less expensive to produce.
ADVANTAGES OF MICROCONTROLLER
APPLICATION
• Accessibility

• Maintenance

• Redundancies
ADVANTAGES OF MICROCONTROLLER
APPLICATION
• Replacement of discrete logic-based circuits.

• Provide functional upgrades.

• Improve mechanical performance.

• Replacement of analog circuits.


• Give an example for each of these group:

- Home automation
- Office automation
- Automotive
- Industrial automation
EMBEDDED SYSTEM EXAMPLE
Automotive: Office Home
• Ignition System Automation: Automation:
• Engine Control • Fax Machine • Appliances
• ABS • Laser Printers • Intercom
• Air Bag • Color Printer • Telephones
• Instrumentation • Scanners • Security Systems
• Security System • Paging • TVs
• Transmission • Copier • Cable TV Tuner
Control • Air conditioner • Camcorder
• Entertainment • DVD Player
• Climate Control Industrial • Remote control
• Cellular Phone Control: • Video Games
• Keyless Entry • Robotics and Control Systems • Lighting Control
• Toys
• Sewing Machines

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