Scribd
Upload
248 views14 pages

Tools For Quality Improvement: The Magnificent Seven

The seven major quality improvement tools are: 1) flowchart, 2) check sheet, 3) histogram, 4) Pareto chart, 5) cause-and-effect diagram, 6) scatter diagram, and 7) control chart. These tools help identify problems, streamline processes, reduce variation, collect and analyze data, identify relationships between variables, and monitor processes over time for improvements.

Uploaded by

chemometrics1
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
248 views14 pages

Tools For Quality Improvement: The Magnificent Seven

The seven major quality improvement tools are: 1) flowchart, 2) check sheet, 3) histogram, 4) Pareto chart, 5) cause-and-effect diagram, 6) scatter diagram, and 7) control chart. These tools help identify problems, streamline processes, reduce variation, collect and analyze data, identify relationships between variables, and monitor processes over time for improvements.

Uploaded by

chemometrics1
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 14

Tools for Quality Improvement

The Magnificent Seven


The Magnificent Seven
The seven major tools are
1) Flowchart or process mapping
2) Check Sheet
3) Histogram or Stem and Leaf plot
4) Pareto Chart
5) Cause and Effect Diagram
6) Scatter Diagram
7) Control Chart
Flowcharts
• Identifies the sequence of activities or the flow of
materials and information in a process
• Can be useful in pin-pointing obvious problems,
error-proof the process, streamline it by
eliminating non-value added steps, and reduce
variation
Check Sheets
• Useful for collecting historical or current
operating data about the process under
investigation.
• Can provide a useful time-oriented summary of
data
The Stem-and-Leaf Plot
• The numbers on the left 17| 558
are the “stems” 18| 357
• The values on the right are 19| 00445589
the “leaves” 20| 1399
• How many observations 21| 00238
does this data set have?
22| 005
• What is the smallest value
23| 5678
in this data? Largest?
24| 1555899
• What is the median value
for this data? 25| 158
The Frequency Distribution and
Histogram
• Frequency Distribution
– Arrangement of data by magnitude
– More compact than a stem-and-leaf
display
– Graphs of observed frequencies are
called histograms.
The Frequency Distribution and
Histogram
• Histogram

5
Frequency

170 180 190 200 210 220 230 240 250 260
C1
Graphical Displays
• What is the overall shape of the data?
• Are there any unusual observations?
• Where is the “center” or “average” of the
data located?
• What is the spread of the data? Is the data
spread out or close to the center?
Pareto Chart
• The Pareto chart is a frequency distribution (or
histogram) of attribute data arranged by category.
• Plot the frequency of occurrence of each defect
type against the various defect types.
Cause and Effect Diagram
• Once a defect, error, or problem has been
identified and isolated for further study, potential
causes of this undesirable effect must be
analyzed.
• Cause and effect diagrams are sometimes called
fishbone diagrams because of their appearance
How to Construct a Cause-and-
Effect Diagram

1. Define the problem or effect to be analyzed.


2. Form the team to perform the analysis. Often the team
will uncover potential causes through brainstorming.
3. Draw the effect box and the center line.
4. Specify the major potential cause categories and join them
as boxes connected to the center line
5. Identify the possible causes and classify them into the
categories in step 4. Create new categories, if necessary.
6. Rank order the causes to identify those that seem most
likely to impact the problem.
7. Take corrective action.
Scatter Diagram
• The scatter diagram is a plot of two variables
that can be used to identify any potential
relationship between the variables.
• The shape of the scatter diagram often indicates
what type of relationship may exist.
Control Charts
Types the control chart
• Variables Control Charts
– These charts are applied to data that follow a
continuous distribution (measurement data).
• Attributes Control Charts
– These charts are applied to data that follow a
discrete distribution.
Popularity of Control Charts

1) Control charts are a proven technique for


improving productivity.
2) Control charts are effective in defect prevention.
3) Control charts prevent unnecessary process
adjustment.
4) Control charts provide diagnostic information.
5) Control charts provide information about process
capability.

You might also like