Scribd
Upload
66 views19 pages

Data, Operators, IO

This document is a lecture on C programming given by Deepak Majeti. It covers basic C concepts like data types, operators, input/output functions and provides examples to demonstrate each concept. It also assigns homework questions to test understanding of operator precedence and increment/decrement operators. The overall document provides an introduction to C programming through explanations and examples to help learn the basics of the language.

Uploaded by

Victor Hernando
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
66 views19 pages

Data, Operators, IO

This document is a lecture on C programming given by Deepak Majeti. It covers basic C concepts like data types, operators, input/output functions and provides examples to demonstrate each concept. It also assigns homework questions to test understanding of operator precedence and increment/decrement operators. The overall document provides an introduction to C programming through explanations and examples to help learn the basics of the language.

Uploaded by

Victor Hernando
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 19

1

C PROGRAMMING
LECTURE

by
Deepak Majeti
M-Tech CSE
[email protected]

17th August
C Course, Programming club, Fall 2008
IIT Kanpur
Recap
2

 C is a high-level language.

 Writing a C code. {editors like gedit, vi}

 Compiling a C code. {gcc –c test.c –o test}

 Executing the object code. {./test}

C Course, Programming club, Fall 2008


Some more basics
3

 Keywords
 char, static, if , while, return ..................... Total= about 32

 Data Types
 int , char, float ...………..….. Some more later

 Arithmetic Operators
 + (Plus), - (Minus), * (Multiplication), /(Division)
……….………. Some more later

C Course, Programming club, Fall 2008


My first C program!
4

#include <stdio.h>
// program prints hello world
int main() {
printf ("Hello world!");
return 0;
}

Output: Hello world!

C Course, Programming club, Fall 2008


Example 1
5

#include <stdio.h>
// program prints a number of type int
int main() {
int number = 4;
printf (“Number is %d”, number);
return 0;
}

Output: Number is 4

C Course, Programming club, Fall


2008
Example 2
6

#include <stdio.h>
// program reads and prints the same thing
int main() {
int number ;
printf (“ Enter a Number: ”);
scanf (“%d”, &number);
printf (“Number is %d\n”, number);
return 0;
}

Output : Enter a number: 4


Number is 4
C Course, Programming club, Fall
2008
more and more
7

#include <stdio.h>

int main() {
/* this program adds
two numbers */
int a = 4; //first number
int b = 5; //second number
int answer = 0; //result
answer = a + b;
}

C Course, Programming club, Fall 2008


Note
8

Errors
Compilation
Compiler generally gives the line number at
which the error is present.
Run time
C programs are sequential making the
debugging easier.

C Course, Programming club, Fall 2008


Some more Data Types
9

 Primary : int, float, char


 int (signed/unsigned)(2,4Bytes): used to store integers.
 char (signed/unsigned)(1Byte): used to store characters

 float, double(4,8Bytes): used to store a decimal number.

 User Defined:
 typedef: used to rename a data type
 typedef int integer; can use integer to declare an int.
 enum, struct, union

C Course, Programming club, Fall


2008
Some more Arithmetic Operators
10

 Prefix Increment : ++a


 example:
 int a=5;
 b=++a; // value of b=6; a=6;

 Postfix Increment: a++


 example
 int a=5;
 b=a++; //value of b=5; a=6;

C Course, Programming club, Fall 2008


Contd…
11

 Modulus (remainder): %
 example:
 12%5 = 2;

 Assignment by addition: +=
 example:
 int a=4;
 a+=1; //(means a=a+1) value of a becomes 5

Can use -, /, *, % also

C Course, Programming club, Fall 2008


Contd…
12

 Comparision Operators: <, > , <=, >= , !=, ==, !,


&&, || .
 example:
 int a=4, b=5;
 a<b returns a true(non zero number) value.

 Bitwise Operators: <<, >>, ~, &, | ,^ .


 example
 int a=8;
 a= a>>1; // value of a becomes 4

C Course, Programming club, Fall 2008


Operator Precedence
13

 Meaning of a + b * c ?
is it a+(b*c) or (a+b)*c ?
 All operators have precedence over each other
 *, / have more precedence over +, - .
 If both *, / are used, associativity comes into
picture. (more on this later)
 example :
 5+4*3 = 5+12= 17.

C Course, Programming club, Fall 2008


Precedence Table
14

Highest on top
++ -- (Postfix)
++ -- (Prefix)
* / %
+ -
<< >>
< >
&
|
&&
||

C Course, Programming club, Fall 2008


Input / Output
15

 printf (); //used to print to console(screen)


 scanf (); //used to take an input from console(user).
 example: printf(“%c”, ’a’); scanf(“%d”, &a);
 More format specifiers
%c The character format specifier.
%d The integer format specifier.
%i The integer format specifier (same as %d).
%f The floating-point format specifier.
%o The unsigned octal format specifier.
%s The string format specifier.
%u The unsigned integer format specifier.
%x The unsigned hexadecimal format specifier.
%% Outputs a percent sign.
C Course, Programming club, Fall 2008
Some more geek stuff
16

 & in scanf.
 Itis used to access the address of the variable used.
 example:
 scanf(%d,&a);
 we are reading into the address of a.

 Data Hierarchy.
 example:
 int value can be assigned to float not vice-versa.
 Type casting.

C Course, Programming club, Fall 2008


Home Work
17

 Meaning of
 Syntax

 Semantics of a programming language


 Find the Output:
 value=value++ + value++;
 Value=++value + ++value;

 value=value++ + ++value;

C Course, Programming club, Fall 2008


End of Today’s Lecture
18

Doubts && Queries?

C Course, Programming club, Fall 2008


19

THANK YOU

C Course, Programming club, Fall 2008

You might also like