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Chapter 4 - IP Address

This document discusses IP addressing and how IP addresses are used to identify devices on a network. It covers the basics of IPV4 addressing including the format of IP addresses as 32-bit numbers separated into four octets, how subnet masks distinguish the network and host portions of an IP address, and common methods for assigning IP addresses including DHCP, APIPA, and static addressing.

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Cha Dechavez
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155 views20 pages

Chapter 4 - IP Address

This document discusses IP addressing and how IP addresses are used to identify devices on a network. It covers the basics of IPV4 addressing including the format of IP addresses as 32-bit numbers separated into four octets, how subnet masks distinguish the network and host portions of an IP address, and common methods for assigning IP addresses including DHCP, APIPA, and static addressing.

Uploaded by

Cha Dechavez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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IPV ADDRESSING

ANNA CHARISMA F. DECHAVEZ, MIT


IP ADDRESS

• When two devices on a network


want to communicate, they need
logical addresses. Most modern
networks use Internet Protocol
(IP) addressing
IPV4 ADDRESSING

• A core function of IP is to provide


logical addressing for hosts.
• An IP address provides a
hierarchical structure to both
uniquely identify a host, and what
network that host exists on.
CHARACTERISTICS

• An IP address is most often represented in decimal, in the


following format:
158.80.164.3

• An IP address is comprised of four octets, separated by


periods:
First Octet Second Octet Third Octet Fourth
Octet
158 80 164 3
IN BINARY

• The above IP address represented in binary would look as


follows:
First Octet Second Octet Third Octet Fourth Octet
10011110 01010000 10100100 00000011
• Is a 32-bit binary number represented as four octets (four
8-bit numbers).
• Each octet is separated by a period.
• Known as IPV4
SUBNET MASK

• Part of an IP address identifies the


network. The other part of the address
identifies the host.
• A subnet mask is required to
provide this distinction:
158.80.164.3 255.255.0.0
REMEMBER:

• The above IP address has a subnet mask of


255.255.0.0.
• The subnet mask follows two rules:
• If a binary bit is set to a 1 (or on) in a subnet
mask, the corresponding bit in the address
identifies the network.
• If a binary bit is set to a 0 (or off) in a
subnet mask, the corresponding bit in the
address identifies the host.
IPV4 CLASSES
CLASS A
CLASS B
CLASS C
SUBNET AND BROADCAST
ADDRESS

• The subnet address is used to identify the


network itself.
• Subnet addresses contain all 0 bits in the
host portion of the address.
EXAMPLE OF SUBNET(NETWORK
ADDRESS)
BROADCAST ADDRESS

• identifies all hosts on a particular network.


• Broadcast addresses contain all 1 bits in
the host portion of the address.
PRIVATE VS PUBLIC IPV4
ADDRESSES

• A public address can be routed on the Internet.


• A private address is intended for internal use
within a home or organization, and can be freely used
by anyone.
ASSIGNING IP ADDRESS
IP ADDRESS
ASSIGNMENT
DHCP

• Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol


• server is a special server configured to pass out IP address
and other IP configuration information to network clients.
• Use DHCP for small, medium, or large networks. DHCP
requires a DHCP server and minimal configuration.
APIPA

• Automatic Private IP Addressing


• is a Microsoft implementation of
automatic IP address assignment
without a DHCP server.
• hosts assign themselves an IP address
on the 169.254.0.0 network (mask of
255.255.0.0).
S TAT I C

•Using static addressing,


IP configuration
information must be
manually configured on
each host

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