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    English Sound System

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    Lovelyned
    The document discusses various aspects of pronunciation in the English sound system, including: 1) Pronunciation can vary between individuals based on factors like where they grew up, live, their ethnicity, social class, or education. 2) Enunciation refers to speaking clearly without dropping or muddling sounds. Stress emphasizes certain syllables in words. Intonation is the "music" of language. 3) There are 44 sounds in English made up of 19 vowel sounds and 25 consonant sounds. Vowels, diphthongs, and tripthongs are discussed.

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    English Sound System

    Uploaded by

    Lovelyned
    2K views14 pages
    The document discusses various aspects of pronunciation in the English sound system, including: 1) Pronunciation can vary between individuals based on factors like where they grew up, live, their ethnicity, social class, or education. 2) Enunciation refers to speaking clearly without dropping or muddling sounds. Stress emphasizes certain syllables in words. Intonation is the "music" of language. 3) There are 44 sounds in English made up of 19 vowel sounds and 25 consonant sounds. Vowels, diphthongs, and tripthongs are discussed.

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    The document discusses various aspects of pronunciation in the English sound system, including: 1) Pronunciation can vary between individuals based on factors like where they grew up, live, their ethnicity, social class, or education. 2) Enunciation refers to speaking clearly without dropping or muddling sounds. Stress emphasizes certain syllables in words. Intonation is the "music" of language. 3) There are 44 sounds in English made up of 19 vowel sounds and 25 consonant sounds. Vowels, diphthongs, and tripthongs are discussed.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    2K views14 pages

    English Sound System

    Uploaded by

    Lovelyned
    The document discusses various aspects of pronunciation in the English sound system, including: 1) Pronunciation can vary between individuals based on factors like where they grew up, live, their ethnicity, social class, or education. 2) Enunciation refers to speaking clearly without dropping or muddling sounds. Stress emphasizes certain syllables in words. Intonation is the "music" of language. 3) There are 44 sounds in English made up of 19 vowel sounds and 25 consonant sounds. Vowels, diphthongs, and tripthongs are discussed.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 14
    At a glance
    Powered by AI
    The key takeaways are that pronunciation refers to how words are spoken and can vary depending on factors like region, education and speech disorders. There are also consonant and vowel sounds that make up the English language.

    The main components of pronunciation are consonant sounds, vowel sounds like diphthongs and triphthongs, stress and enunciation.

    Some examples of pronunciation errors include dropping the ends of words, replacing sharper consonant sounds with softer ones, and mispronouncing words like 'accept' as 'except'.

    ENGLISH SOUND SYSTEM

    Prepared by: Aimi, Eqa, Arifah


    Pronunciation
    • Pronunciation refers to the way a word or a language is
    spoken, or the manner in which someone utters a word. If
    someone is said to have "correct pronunciation," then it
    refers to both within a particular dialect.
    • A word can be spoken in different ways by various
    individuals or groups, depending on many factors, such as:
    – the area in which they grew up,
    – the area in which they now live,
    – if they have a speech or voice disorder their ethnic group,
    – their social class, or
    – their education.
    Examples:
    • accept (not except)
    • Arctic (not Artic)
    • ect cetera (not eck cetera)
    • escape (not exscape)
    • especially (not expecially)
    • espresso (not expresso)
    • February (not Febuary)
    Enunciation
    • In phonetics, enunciation is the act of speaking.
    Good enunciation is the act of speaking clearly and
    concisely.
    • One type of enunciation error stems from dropping
    off the ends of words, especially "ing," "ed," "d,"
    "p," or "t."
    • For example : "Stopped" becomes "stop“.
    • Other times, we might muddle the middle of
    words by replacing sharper sounds (like "t'") with
    softer sounds (like "d") because the softer sounds
    require less muscle energy.
    • For example : "Butter" might become "budder."
    Stress
    • In linguistics, stress is the relative emphasis that may be
    given to certain syllables in a word
    • Stress is most dramatically realized on focussed or
    accented words. For instance, consider the dialogue

    "Is it brunch tomorrow?" "No, it's dinner tomorrow."

    • In it, the stress-related acoustic differences between the


    syllables of "tomorrow" would be small compared to the
    differences between the syllables of "dinner", the
    emphasized word. In these emphasized words, stressed
    syllables such as "din" in "dinner" are louder and longer.
    Intonation

    • Intonation is the "music" of a language, and is


    perhaps the most important element of a
    good accent.
    Consonant Sounds
    What are consonant sounds?
    • There are 44 sounds (19 + 25) that make up the sounds of
    our English language.  
    • 19 of the sounds we refer to as vowel sounds (because they
    use the vowels a, e, i, o, u or make the sounds of our
    vowels)
    • 25 of the sounds we refer to as consonant sounds
    • Each individual sound is sometimes referred to as a
    grapheme or phoneme.  
    • We use the letters of the alphabet to write sounds down.  
    • There are over 70 ways to spell these sounds, which we
    refer to as phonograms.
    /b/ as in bib /d/  as in pond /f/  as in laugh /g/ as in pig

    /h/  as in hop /j/ as in jam /k/ as in king /l/ as in hall

    /m/ as in thumb /n/ as in pen /p/  as in pop /r/  as in car

    /s/ as in sent /t/  as in tent /v/ as in hive /w/ as in window  

    /y/ as in yell /z/ as in zip /ch/ as in chip /sh/ as in sheep

    /zh/ as in Asia /th/ as in the /th/ as in thing /hw/ wheat

    /ng/ as in ring 25 CONSONANT SOUNDS


    Vowel Sounds
    Dipthongs
    • A Diphthong is the union of two vowels in one
    sound. When both vowels are sounded, the
    diphthong is called PROPER, because then it is
    really a DIPHTHONG, or double sound; that is, the
    sounds of the vowels unite; as, oi in oil; ou in
    sound.
    • When only one of the vowels is sounded, the
    diphthong is called IMPROPER, because then, as
    one of the vowels is silent, it is not properly a
    DIPHTHONG, though it takes that name; as, oa in
    boat, ui in suit, where a and i are silent.
    Dipthong          Approximate Eng. Sound  

    ai/ay                   like I in time


      au                     like ow in now 
      ei/ey                  like a in date 
    eu                        like eh + oo
    oi/oy                 like oy in toy
        ia                       like ya in yacht
    ie                       like ye in yet 
    io                     like yo in yoga
    ua                      like wa in watt
    ue                      like wa in wait
      ui                       like wee in week
    uo                    like uo in quota
    Triphtong

    • A Triphthong is the union of three vowels in


    one syllable; as, eau in beau, iew in view. The
    triphthong is properly a union of letters, not
    sounds.
    Triphtong   Approximate Eng. Sound

         iai                     like yi in yipe 

        iei                     like English word yea

       uai (uay)           like wi in wine

      uei (vey)           like wa in wade


    Thank You

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