OSI Transport Layer

Network Fundamentals – Chapter 4

Roberto Almeida G.
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 Introducción

 Un solo dispositivo puede utilizar múltiples servicios

 Los datos se transportan al dispositivo final

 Capa de Transporte

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 Objectives
 Explain the role of Transport Layer protocols and
services in supporting communications across data
networks
 Analyze the application and operation of TCP
mechanisms that support reliability
 Analyze the application and operation of TCP
mechanisms that support reassembly and manage
data loss.
 Analyze the operation of UDP to support
communicate between two processes on end devices

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 Roles of the Transport
Layer

Network Fundamentals – Chapter 4

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 Purpose of the Transport Layer
 Segmentación de datos

 Seguimiento de las
comunicaciones
 Segmentación de
Datos
 Reensamblaje de
segmentos
 Identificación de
aplicaciones
 Separación de
conversaciones
multiples.

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 Purpose of the Transport Layer
 Las necesidades de los flujos son diferentes
–Protocolos de transporte

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 Control de las Conversaciones
 Segmentación y Reensamblaje
 Multiplexación de
conversaciones
Orientadas a conexión
Entrega confiable
Ordenamiento
Control de flujo

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 Control de las Conversaciones
 Establecer sesiones

 Entrega confiable

 Entrega en el mismo orden

 Control de flujo

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 Supportig Reliable Communication
 Aplicaciones diferentes tienen necesidades diferentes
Track, ACK, Retransmit

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 TCP y UDP
 Protocolos mas comunes de L4
TCP RFC 793 UDP RFC 768

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 Port Addressing
 Las aplicaciones basadas en TCP/UDP registran las
comunicaciones.
Puertos. Clientes dinámicos. Servidores estáticos.

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 Port Addressing

 Socket
 Internet Assigned Numbers Authority
 Netstat

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 Segmentation and Reassembly – Divide and
Conquer
 Dividir los datos en piezas asegura que se transmiten
dentro de los límites del medio y que se pueden
multiplexar

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 Application and Operation of TCP Mechanisms
 Trace the steps that show how the TCP reliability
mechanism works as part of a session

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 The TCP Protocol –
Communicating with
Reliability

Network Fundamentals – Chapter 4

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 TCP Making Convesations Reliable

 La diferencia principal entre TCP y UDP es la

confiabilidad

 TCP utiliza sesiones orientadas a la conexión

 El destino envía ACKs al origen por los segmentos que

recibe

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 TCP Server Processes
 Un servidor no puede tener dos servicios asignados al
mismo número de puerto.

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 TCP Connection Establishment and
Termination
 Saludo de Tres vías

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 TCP Connection Establishment and
Termination

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 Managing TCP
Sessions

Network Fundamentals – Chapter 4

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 Managing TCP Sessions
 Reconstrucción en el orden original
 Initial Sequence Number

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 TCP Acknowledgement with Windowing
 Confirmar recepción de los datos.
 Cuál es el próximo byte que espero recibir

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 TCP Retransmition
 Manejar la pérdida de segmentos.
Se retransmiten los que no se acusan recibo

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 TCP Congestion Control
 Control de flujo
–Ventanas Deslizantes

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 The UDP Protocol
Communicating with low
overhead

Network Fundamentals – Chapter 4

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 UDP – Low overhead vs Reliability
 No es orientado a la conexión.
–No retransmisión, secuencia, control de flujo
–Confiabilidad la da capa superior

DNS, SNMP, DHCP, RIP, TFTP

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 UDP Datagram Reassembly
 No sesiones, si transacciones
–Si hay algo que enviar, se envía

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 UDP Server Processes and Requests
 Al igual que en TCP, las aplicaciones UDP escuchan en
puertos bien conocidos o registrados.

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 UDP Client Processes
 Igual que en TCP se escoge origen destino
 No se crean sesiones

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 Summary

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