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Servlet: Mostafa Abdallah

Servlets allow dynamic content to be generated by a server-side program. A servlet receives client requests, processes the requests, and generates responses by running Java code. Servlets use sessions to track client data across multiple requests. Sessions can be implemented using hidden form values, cookies, or the servlet API, which stores session data securely on the server.

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Mostafa Elgendy
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64 views28 pages

Servlet: Mostafa Abdallah

Servlets allow dynamic content to be generated by a server-side program. A servlet receives client requests, processes the requests, and generates responses by running Java code. Servlets use sessions to track client data across multiple requests. Sessions can be implemented using hidden form values, cookies, or the servlet API, which stores session data securely on the server.

Uploaded by

Mostafa Elgendy
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Servlet

Mostafa Abdallah

1
Static content
How server process it

URL (Request)

Web Browser Web Server HTML Files

HTML (Response)

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Dynamic content.
Dynamic web Contents

• Request for the same document returns


different results depend on who made the
request.
• The Web server needs to run certain
programs(Servlet) to process user requests.

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How to send data to program
• We send data to Servlet program using HTML forms.
• HTML forms send it using Get or Post methods

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The GET and POST Methods
• If the GET method is used, the data in the
form is appended to the request string as if
it were submitted using a URL
• If the POST method is used, the data in the
form is packaged as part of the request file.
• The server program obtains the data by
reading the file.

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?What does Servlet Do
• Receives client request.
• Extract some information from the request.
• Perform dynamic contents generation.
• Create and send response to client or
forward the request to another servlet or
JSP page.
Servlet Request and Response
Model

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Creating Servlet

• Every servlet is a subclass of the HttpServlet


class.
• You need to override appropriate methods
(doGet, doPost) in the HttpServlet class to
implement the servlet.

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Example

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Running Servlets

• To run Java servlets, you need a servlet


container.
• Many servlet containers are available
(Tomcat, Glassfish,…..).

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Servlet Life-Cycle
Servlet Life-Cycle

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Handling Requests Containing
Data
• Parameters are passed as (name-value) pairs
in request.
• The request object's getParameter()
method accepts the name as an argument
and returns the corresponding String value,
or null if the parameter is not part of the
request.
• Ex: String firstName = request.getParameter( "firstname" );

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Registering Student into a Database

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? What is a Session

• A session can be defined as a series of


related interactions between a single client
and the Web server over a period of time.
• To track data among requests in a session is
known as session tracking.

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Session Tracking

• Web servers use Hyper-Text Transport


Protocol (HTTP). HTTP is a stateless protocol.
• The HTTP Web server cannot associate
requests from a client together.
• We solve this problem Using hidden values,
using cookies, and using servlet API.

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Example

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Example

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Session Tracking Using Hidden
Values
• You can track session by passing data from
the servlet to the client as hidden value.
• <input type=”hidden” name=”lastName”
value=”Smith”>
• So the next request will submit the data
back to the servlet.

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Session Tracking Using Hidden
Values

• How this solve the problem?

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Session Tracking Using Cookies

• Cookies are small text files that store sets of


name=value pairs on the disk in the client’s
computer.
• Cookies are sent from the server through
the instructions in the header of the HTTP
response.
• The browser will then send the cookie with
any request submitted to the same server.

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Session Tracking Using Cookies

• How this solve the problem?

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Session Tracking Using Cookies

•To send a cookie to the browser


• response.addCookie(cookie);
• it take an object of the Cookie class
•To obtain cookies from a browser, use
• request.getCookies();

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Session Tracking Using the
Servlet API
• Problems of session tracking with hidden data
and cookies are that data are not secured and
difficult to deal with large set of data.
• Java servlet API provides a session tracking
tool, which enables tracking of a large set of
data.
• Data can be stored as objects.
• Data are kept on the server side so they are
secure.
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The HttpSession Class

• To use the Java servlet API for session tracking,


• create a session object
• HttpSession session = request.getSession(true);

• This obtains the session or creates a new session if the


client does not have a session on the server.
• The HttpSession class provides the methods for
reading and storing data to the session, and for
manipulating the session.

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The HttpSession Class

• How this solve the problem?

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