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Memory Map and Address Decoding

This document discusses memory mapping and address decoding in a computer system. It explains that different parts of memory are used for different purposes like RAM, ROM, and I/O devices. It also discusses that each valid address must access only one memory-mapped component through address decoding.

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Ghozi Al
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1K views9 pages

Memory Map and Address Decoding

This document discusses memory mapping and address decoding in a computer system. It explains that different parts of memory are used for different purposes like RAM, ROM, and I/O devices. It also discusses that each valid address must access only one memory-mapped component through address decoding.

Uploaded by

Ghozi Al
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Memory Map and Address

Decoding
Different portions of memory are used for different purposes:
RAM, ROM, I/O devices

Even if all the memory was of one type, we still have to


implement it using different and unique addressing.

This means that for a given valid address, one and only one
memory-mapped component must be accessed.

Address decoding is the process of generating chip select


(CS*) signals from the address bus for each device in the
system
Contoh :

Let’s assume a very simple system like that:


> CPU 8 bit data bus line
> 16 bit address bus line
> 12 Kbyte ROM
> 4 Kbyte for I/O ports
> 16 Kbyte RAM

Make a sample memory map for that system.


SOLUTION

i. What is the entire range for system addresses?

ii. What is the entire range for every component


ROM, I/O and RAM

iii. Assume that ROM

memory map figure like that: I/O

RAM

unused
i. System Size = 2n (n= address pin)
= 216
= 65536 Byte

Start Address = 0
End Address = 65536 – 1 (size -1)
= 65535

Range Address System : 0 -- 65535 OR 0000 - FFFF (hexadecimal)

Start
0000 H
ROM

I/O

RAM

End unused
FFFF H
ii. Range Address for ROM

Given Size of ROM = 12 Kbyte


= 12 x 1024 byte
= 12288 byte
= 3000 (hex)
> Start Address for ROM = 0000
> End Address for ROM = 3000 – 1
= 2FFF

0000 H
ROM
2FFFF H

I/O

RAM

unused
FFFF H
iii. Range Address for I/O

Given Size of I/O = 4 Kbyte


= 4 x 1024 byte
= 4096 byte
= $1000 (hex)

Start Address I/O = End Address for ROM + 1


= $2FFF + 1
= $3000 0000 H
End Address I/O = $3000 + $1000 – 1
ROM
= $3FFF 2FFF H
3000 H
I/O
3FFF H

RAM

unused
FFFF H
iv. Range Address for RAM

Given Size of RAM = 16 Kbyte


= 16 x 1024 byte
= 16384 byte
= $4000
Start Address for RAM = End Address for I/O + 1
= $3FFF + 1
= $4000
End Address for RAM = $4000 + $4000 – 1
= $7FFF 0000 H
ROM
2FFF H
3000 H
I/O
3FFF H
4000 H
RAM
7FFF H

FFFF H unused
Memory Map for the System is Figure below:

0000
ROM
2FFF
3000
I/O

3FFF
4000
RAM

7FFF
8000
UNUSED
FFFF
Latihan 1 :
1. Lukiskan pemetaan alamat suatu sistem mikropemprosesor Motorola
68000. Spesifikasi luaran adalah seperti berikut :

- EPROM berukuran 2 MB bermula dari alamat $000000


- RAM berukuran 4MB berakhir di alamat $7FFFFF
- I/O berukuran 256 KB bermula dari alamat $800000
2. Jika pemetaan alamat suatu mikropemproses 8 bit diberi seperti
berikut, tentukan ukuran ROM, RAM dan I/O
0000
RAM
7FFF
8000
I/O
8FFF
9000
UNUSED
BFFF
C000
ROM
FFFF

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