Scribd
Upload
101 views54 pages

L-10 Power

Application of power electronic

Uploaded by

Er Shubham Rakshe
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
101 views54 pages

L-10 Power

Application of power electronic

Uploaded by

Er Shubham Rakshe
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 54

1.

Questions:
What is the role of power electronics in welding applications ?
2. Which type SCR is suitable for resistance welding ?
3. What are the power ratings of arc and resistance welding ?
4. What is the need of high frequency transformer and inverter in switch mode
welder ?
5. State the difference between arc welding and resistance welding.
6. Explain about skin effect.
7. Compare the induction heating and RF heating.
8. Explain the importance of dielectric heating to heat bad conductors.
9. What are the advantages and disadvantages of dielectric heating?
10. What is dielectric heating?
11. Derive the expression for power in dielectric heating with required graph(s).
12. Explain the process of dielectric heating.
13. Why is dielectric heating preferred over other methods.
14. State and explain the applications of dielectric heating.
15. What is Induction Heating . Write some applications of it.
Applications of power
electronics
Vaibhav Bhat (L-02)
Shubham Rakshe (L-10)
Parth Mudey (L-14)
Dikshant Nandve (L-19)
HF Induction Heating
Induction Heating
• It works on the process of induction.
• The material to be heated is known as the work piece and the coil
wound around it is known as work coil.
Working
• High frequency ac voltage is applied across the working coil.
• Generates flux in the work piece and induce voltage in it.
• Eddy current flows into it.
• The heat loss in the work piece is normally confined to the surface of
the workpiece due to skin effect.
HF Power Supply For Induction Heating
Applications
• Induction Cooking
• Surface Hardening of Metals.
• Annealing of Metals
• Soldering
Induction Cooking
Efficiency
Indian market based on different Wattage
( SOE THIRITHANDAR , CLEMENT SALDANAH and WIN KHAING MOE(2010): Design and Construction of Power System for Induction Heating (IH) Cooker Using Resonant Converter.
Retrieved from: http://www.iaea.org/inis/collection/NCLCollectionStore/_Public/40/059/40059686.pdf?r=1 )
(Lucia, Oscar and Maussion, Pascal and Dede, Enrique and Burdio, Jose M. Induction Heating Technology and Its Applications: Past Developments, Current Technology, and Future Challenges. (2013)
RF HEATING
DIELECTRIC TYPE
WHAT IS DIELECTRIC HEATING?
• Dielectric heating, also known as electronic heating, is the process in
which a radio frequency alternating electric field, or radio wave or
microwave electromagnetic radiation heats a dielectric material.

• caused by molecular dipole rotation within the dielectric.


HOW DOES IT TAKE PLACE?
• Presence of dipoles -> align them in the direction of
field -> rapidly changing field -> dipole rotation ->
push, pull, collide -> heating -> temperature rise.

• changing electric field may be caused by an


electromagnetic wave propagating in free space (as in
a microwave oven), or it may be caused by a rapidly
alternating electric field inside a capacitor.
Why is dielectric heating widely preffered?
• The electric heating system is free from dirt. It is a clean system requiring
minimum cost of cleaning.
• The system does not produce any flue gas. Since no flue gases is produced
in electric heating, no provision has to be made for their exit.
• Simple and accurate temperature control can be made either by manual or
fully automatic switches.
• Electric heating is economical as electric furnaces are cheaper in initial cost
as well in maintenance cost.
• Automatic protection against over-currents or overheating can be provided
through suitable switch gears.
• The overall efficiency of electric heating is much higher
• Electric heating system provides better working conditions (since this
system produces no irritating noise and also the radiating losses are low).
• Electric heating is quite safe and responds quickly.
• There is no upper limit to the temperature obtainable except the ability of
the material to withstand heat.
Applications of dielectric heating

• It is used in drying tobacco, paper, wood, gluing and


bonding of woods.
• Welding of PVC.
• Dielectric heating is used in producing artificial fibers,
heating of bones and tissues etc.
• It is used in food processing.
Welding
Introduction
• The welding together of metal parts by heating them up to
melting point is one area where conventional control
equipment, such as mercury-vapour values of the grid-control
or the ignitron type, has given place to thyristorized
equipment.
Application of power electronics

Welding

• Resistance Welding
• Arc Welding
• Switch mode Welder
Resistance Welding:

• Alternating current is used


• It can ne implemented for brass, steel, copper, iron and other metals.
• A) butt jointing B)spot welding
• AC controller using thyristors.
Resistance Welding:
Arc Welding:

• Direct voltage of 40 to 60 V and direct current of 500 to 800A are


required.
• single-phase thyristor bridge are used to provide the required load
voltage.
• For low ripple content inductor connected at the load.
Arc Welding:
Welding circuit using controlled rectifier:
Switch mode Welder:

• There is substantial reduction in the size and weight of the welding unit
because of the high frequency transformer, its efficiency being above
85%.
• Transformer also used for electrical isolation purpose.
• Small inductor at the output side serve to minimize the ripple content.
Switch mode Welder:
Switch mode Welder using IGBT inverter:
Switch mode Welder:
Arc Welder:
ARC 200 Welding Machine

MODEL ARC-200
Input Supply (V) AC220V±15%
Frequency (Hz) 50/60
Rated Input Current (A) 43.5
Rated Output Voltage
28
(V)
No Load Voltage (V) 58
Duty Cycle (%) 60
Power Factor 0.73
Efficiency (%) 80
Protection Class IP21
Weight(Kg) 8
Output Current (A) 30-200
Spot Welding Machine

PARAMETER/MODEL JMW 250 JMW 400

Rated input Power 10 KVA 19 KVA

Welding Current @ 250 A 400 A


60% Duty Cycle

100% Duty cycle 180 A 320 A

Open Circuit Voltage 18 to 40 V 18 to 48 V

Input Voltage III phase, 415 V AC, 50 Hz

Cooling Forced Air cooled

Insulation Class H

Wire Size Steel 0.8, 1 mm 0.8, 1.2 mm

Aluminium 0.8,1,1.2 mm

Drive Roll 2

Recommended SFU TP/30 TP/35


Comparison between induction and
dielectric heating
Induction Heating Dielectric Heating
• Heats only conducting materials • Heats only non-conducting materials

• Rate of heating is proportional to the • Rate of heating is proportional to the


square of current and square root of square of applied voltage and the
frequency. frequency of supply.
• Change in frequency  change in • Change in frequency only rate of
depth of penetration and rate of heating
heating
• non-uniform heating • Uniform heating
• Surface heating because density for • called as Volume heating
eddy currents is maximum at
the surface
• Frequency range :1 MHz to 40 MHz
• Frequency range : 100KHz to 0.5
MHz
Advantages of Induction Heating
• Very high heating rates are possible
• Heating process is pollution free.
• Due to automatic control, unskilled labour can handle the operation.
• The heat is concentrated on limited parts of the surface .Hence, useful
for surface treatment.
• Surface hardening
• Smaller portion of surface can be heated
Disadvantages of Induction Heating
• A high frequency power source is required, which is costly and
complex. Thus, initial cost required is more.
• The running cost or cost of operation is high.
• Due to conversion of AC supply into high frequency supply and low
efficiency of induction coil , this heating process is not efficient.
What are the advantages of dielectric heating?

• It is the only method for heating bad conductors of


heat.
• Heating is fastest in this method of heating.
• Since no naked flame appears in the process,
inflammable articles like plastics and wooden products
etc., can be heated safely.
What are the disadvantages of dielectric
heating?

• Only those materials can be heated which have the high


dielectric loss.
• The cost of equipment required for dielectric heating is so
high that it is employed only where other methods are
impracticable.
• The overall efficiency of dielectric heating is very low
(about 50%).
• High frequencies may cause radio interference.
Review paper on induction heating(By Wang)
• Rectifier control
• Control of inverter.
3) Power source protection
• Overloading and overcurrent protection of inverter
• Integrated protection
Review paper on welding.(Timothy Kangogo)
• Transformer based arc welding
• common in the market and they (K. J. Cooper et. al) [2] describe the three models of
welding machines as operating on an 80A open circuit voltage with current ranges of
(45-330A), (60-450A) and (80-650A) respectively.
• The transformation of current (stepping up) is done at a low frequency (50-60Hz).
The disadvantage of stepping up current at this low frequency is that it needs a very
bulky transformer core and is very energy inefficient (a lot of power is dissipated
through hysteresis losses).
• Inverter type welding
• However, stepping up of current in the inverter-type welding machine takes place at
a high frequency (10,000-30,000Hz). At such high frequencies, stepping up of current
is very efficient and smaller transformer cores are used. This makes the inverter-type
welding machine more power efficient and lighter (more portable).
Review paper on gas welding(ITRO).
• Process Parameters:
• Electrode Size
• Welding Current
• Welding Voltage
• Arc Travel Speed
• Electrode Extension
• Electrode Position
• Gas Flow Rate and Types of shielding gases

You might also like