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Introduction To Speech Coding What, Why, Where & How (First Part)

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David Khadka

This document provides an introduction to speech coding, including what it is, its applications, and some key principles. Speech coding aims to compactly represent speech signals for efficient transmission or storage using the minimum number of bits while maintaining quality. It allows transmitting speech at the highest quality using the least channel capacity. Major applications include wireline telephony, videoconferencing, digital cellular, IP telephony, and voice mail. Standards are set by organizations like ITU, ETSI, ISO, and TIA. Characteristics of speech signals that are important for coding include the probability density function, autocorrelation function, and power spectral density.

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Introduction To Speech Coding What, Why, Where & How (First Part)

Uploaded by

David Khadka
25 views10 pages
This document provides an introduction to speech coding, including what it is, its applications, and some key principles. Speech coding aims to compactly represent speech signals for efficient transmission or storage using the minimum number of bits while maintaining quality. It allows transmitting speech at the highest quality using the least channel capacity. Major applications include wireline telephony, videoconferencing, digital cellular, IP telephony, and voice mail. Standards are set by organizations like ITU, ETSI, ISO, and TIA. Characteristics of speech signals that are important for coding include the probability density function, autocorrelation function, and power spectral density.

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speech coding

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SP_2_Coding

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This document provides an introduction to speech coding, including what it is, its applications, and some key principles. Speech coding aims to compactly represent speech signals for efficient transmission or storage using the minimum number of bits while maintaining quality. It allows transmitting speech at the highest quality using the least channel capacity. Major applications include wireline telephony, videoconferencing, digital cellular, IP telephony, and voice mail. Standards are set by organizations like ITU, ETSI, ISO, and TIA. Characteristics of speech signals that are important for coding include the probability density function, autocorrelation function, and power spectral density.

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© All Rights Reserved
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25 views10 pages

Introduction To Speech Coding What, Why, Where & How (First Part)

Uploaded by

David Khadka
This document provides an introduction to speech coding, including what it is, its applications, and some key principles. Speech coding aims to compactly represent speech signals for efficient transmission or storage using the minimum number of bits while maintaining quality. It allows transmitting speech at the highest quality using the least channel capacity. Major applications include wireline telephony, videoconferencing, digital cellular, IP telephony, and voice mail. Standards are set by organizations like ITU, ETSI, ISO, and TIA. Characteristics of speech signals that are important for coding include the probability density function, autocorrelation function, and power spectral density.

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Introduction to Speech Coding

What, Why, Where & How


(First Part)
By
Allam Mousa
Department of Telecommunication Engineering
An Najah University

SP_2_Coding_1of2 1
Contents

 What is speech coding


 Applications
 Types of coding
 Practical examples of speech coders
 Some properties of speech coders
 Quantization
 Some speech coder standards
 Some Speech Properties
 Coding Principles

SP_2_Coding_1of2 2
What is Speech Coding ?
 Speech coding is concerned with compact digital representations of

speech signals for efficient transmission or storage.

 The objective is to represent a signal with a minimum number of bits while

maintaining perceptual quality.

 Current applications for speech and audio coding algorithms include cellular

and personal communications networks (PCNs), teleconferencing, multi-

media systems, and secure communications.

 speech coding systems is to transmit speech with the highest possible


quality using the least possible channel capacity.
 To save bandwidth in telecoms applications and to reduce memory storage
requirements.
SP_2_Coding_1of2 3
Why Speech Coding?
 speech coding systems is to transmit
speech with the highest possible quality
using the least possible channel capacity.
 To save bandwidth in telecoms
applications and to reduce memory
storage requirements.

SP_2_Coding_1of2 4
Applications of Speech Coding

 Wire line Telephony


 Videoconferencing
 Digital Cellular
 IP Telephony
 Voice Mail
 Speech Storage
 World wide growth in communications
 Need for new multimedia applications
 Advances in VLSI

SP_2_Coding_1of2 5
Speech Coding Hierarchy:

SP_2_Coding_1of2 6
Standardization
 International Telecommunication Union (ITU)
 European Telecommunication Standards Institute (ETSI)
 International Standards Organization (ISO)
 Telecommunication Industry Association (TIA)
 R&D Center for Radio systems (RCR)

SP_2_Coding_1of2 7
Characteristic of Speech Signals:

1-Probability Density Function(PDF):


the pdf of speech signal is in general
characterized by a very high probability of
near zero amplitudes, a significant probability
of very high amplitudes
1 2 x
p ( x) exp
x
2 x
SP_2_Coding_1of2 8
Characteristic of Speech Signals:

2-Autocorrelation Function (ACF):


The ACF gives a quantitative measure of the
closeness or similarity between samples of a
speech signal as a function of their time
separation.
N 1 k
1
C( k)  x( n ) x( n k )
N
n=0
SP_2_Coding_1of2 9
Characteristic of Speech Signals:

3-Power Spectral Function (PSD):


The nonflat characteristic of the power spectral
density of speech makes it possible to obtain
significant compression by coding speech in the
frequency domain.

SP_2_Coding_1of2 10

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