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    Metodologi Penelitian: Kristoni J. Mala 060112048

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    Toni Mala
    This study examined trends in obesity and abdominal obesity among adults in Tehran, Iran over three phases from 1999-2008. The study used a cohort of 4,402 adults aged 20 and over, measuring their height, weight, and waist circumference at each phase. The results showed significant increases in mean BMI, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio across all age groups for both men and women. The prevalences of overweight, obesity, and abdominal obesity rose sharply, especially among younger adults aged 20-29 and in men. The researchers concluded there is an urgent need for preventive programs to curb these rising obesity trends.

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    Metodologi Penelitian: Kristoni J. Mala 060112048

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    Toni Mala
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    This study examined trends in obesity and abdominal obesity among adults in Tehran, Iran over three phases from 1999-2008. The study used a cohort of 4,402 adults aged 20 and over, measuring their height, weight, and waist circumference at each phase. The results showed significant increases in mean BMI, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio across all age groups for both men and women. The prevalences of overweight, obesity, and abdominal obesity rose sharply, especially among younger adults aged 20-29 and in men. The researchers concluded there is an urgent need for preventive programs to curb these rising obesity trends.

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    METODOLOGI PENELITIAN

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    This study examined trends in obesity and abdominal obesity among adults in Tehran, Iran over three phases from 1999-2008. The study used a cohort of 4,402 adults aged 20 and over, measuring their height, weight, and waist circumference at each phase. The results showed significant increases in mean BMI, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio across all age groups for both men and women. The prevalences of overweight, obesity, and abdominal obesity rose sharply, especially among younger adults aged 20-29 and in men. The researchers concluded there is an urgent need for preventive programs to curb these rising obesity trends.

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    28 views15 pages

    Metodologi Penelitian: Kristoni J. Mala 060112048

    Uploaded by

    Toni Mala
    This study examined trends in obesity and abdominal obesity among adults in Tehran, Iran over three phases from 1999-2008. The study used a cohort of 4,402 adults aged 20 and over, measuring their height, weight, and waist circumference at each phase. The results showed significant increases in mean BMI, waist circumference, and waist-to-hip ratio across all age groups for both men and women. The prevalences of overweight, obesity, and abdominal obesity rose sharply, especially among younger adults aged 20-29 and in men. The researchers concluded there is an urgent need for preventive programs to curb these rising obesity trends.

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    of 15

    METODOLOGI

    PENELITIAN
    KRISTONI J. MALA
    060112048
    TITLE & Author

    METHOD ISSUE

    RESEARCH CONCLUSION
    DESIGN CLICK THE BOKS
    IN TO SEE RESULT

    Discussion
    Data collection

    TABLE RESULT

    POPULATION AND
    SAMPLE
    • TITLE :Trend of obesity and abdominal
    obesity in Tehranian adults

    • AUTHOR :
    FarhadHosseinpanah
    MaryamBarzin
    arvinSarbakhshEskandary
    ParvinMirmiran
    FereidounAzizi

    Back to Menu
    ISSUE
    The most significant consequences for health of
    overweight and obesity include hypertension and
    hyperlipidaemia, coronary heart diseases, ischemic
    stroke, type 2 diabetes, certain kinds of cancer. In
    2005, the estimated total numbers of overweight
    and obese adults worldwide, were 937 million and
    396 million respectively, numbers that have doubled
    in comparison to 20 years ago, by 2030, these
    figures are projected to be 1.3 billion and 573
    million for overweight and obese adults respectively
    .
    Back to Menu
    METHOD
    The study use Cohort Study
    Height and weight of 4402 adults, aged 20 years and over,
    participants of the Tehran Lipid and Glucose Study (TLGS),
    were measured in 1999 2001(phase I) and again in 2002–
    2005(phase II) and 2006-2008 (phase III). Criteria used for
    obesity and abdominal obesity defined body mass index
    (BMI) ≥30 and waist circumference≥ 94/80 cm for
    men/women respectively. Subjects were divided into10-
    year groups and the prevalence of obesity was compared
    across sex and age groups.
    Back to Menu
    POPULATION AND SAMPLE

    • POPULATION : Adult of Both Sex, age 20


    years and Over
    • SAMPLE : 15,005 people

    Back to Menu
    Back to Menu
    RESEARCH DESIGN

    The design of this study encompasses three major


    components; phase I, a cross-sectional prevalence
    study of cardiovascular disease and associated risk
    factors and phases II and III, prospective follow-ups
    study for 20 years. A multistage stratified cluster
    random sampling technique was used to select
    15,005 people, aged 3 years or older, from district
    13 of Tehran, the capital of the Iran; the district is
    located in the center of Tehran and the age
    distribution of its population is representative of the
    overall population of Tehran.
    Data collection Back to Menu

    After excluding subjects aged < 20 years (n = 4637), those


    with missed values of weight, height, or other variables (n =
    485), or lost to follow- up (n = 5481), data of 4402 subjects
    including 41.6% men (1835 persons) with a complete 6.6-
    year follow-up was used in this cohort study. There were
    708 subjects in the 20–29 years age group, 1088 aged 30–
    39 years, 983 aged 40–49 years, 828 aged 50–59 years,
    655 between 60 and 69 years, and 140 aged 70 years and
    over.

    In comparison to those who completed the follow-up,


    individuals lost to follow-up had lower value of systolic
    blood pressure (119 vs. 117 mmHg), fasting plasma
    glucose (4.99 vs. 4.94mmol/L), age (44.5 vs. 41.5 years),
    BMI (27.1 vs. 26.5 Kg/m2) and waist circumference (89.1
    vs. 87.2 cm) (p<0.001).
    NEXT TABLE
    NEXT TABLE
    Back to Menu
    RESULT Back to Menu

    The mean ages of subjects in the 3 phases were 44.5, 48 and 50.9 years
    respectively. Of 4402 study participants, of 58.4% (n= 2567) were
    women. Mean Body Mass Index (BMI) was 27.1, 27.9 and 28.2 Kg/m2 in
    phase I, II and III, respectively; and mean WC was 89.1, 93.3 and 93.9
    cm, respectively.
    Mean (SE) for BMI, WC and WHR increased significantly in all age
    groups, in both sexes, between phase I and III. Whereas in men, WC
    increased in all age groups between the mentioned phases, increases
    for women were observed only between phases I and II .
    CONCLUSION Back to Menu

    In conclusion, an alarming increase was shown


    in the prevalences of overweight, obesity and
    abdominal obesity among in both sexes of
    Tehranian adults, the highest trend being
    observed in the 20-29 year age groups,
    especially in men. There is the urgent need to
    target younger ages for prevention and
    implementation of public educational programs
    to curtail this rising trend in obesity and
    abdominal obesity especially in young men.
    Discussion Back to Menu

    The prevalence of obesity increased 33 and


    23% in men and women respectively;
    abdominal obesity during this period,
    showed increase of 71% in men and 9% in
    women.
    Thus, the increasing trend of abdominal obesity
    was dramatically higher in men than in women; also
    at the end of follow up the prevalences of
    abdominal obesity in men and women were 63 and
    84%, respectively.
    THANK YOU

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