Guided by, Presented by,

Mrs. SRUTHI. P Ashik Sundar S (PEAOEEE007)

ASST PROFESSOR, Salman Fayiz K.U (PEAOEEE014)
DEPARTMENT OF EEE Vignesh P (PEAOEEE021)
Vignesh V (PEAOEEE022)

Department of EEE 2/28/2018 1

  To resolve the traffic congestion.
 To provide a stress free ride.

Department of EEE 2/28/2018 2

 This project describes density based traffic signal control
using microcontroller and IR sensor.
 We are going to use IR communication to analyze traffic
density.
 IR signals from IR receiver are given to microcontroller.
 Microcontroller gives appropriate result according to traffic.

Department of EEE 2/28/2018 3

  Traffic is one of the major issue nowadays.
 To solve traffic congestion.
 Microcontroller and IR sensor pairs are the main part of our
project.
 We use IR communication to analyze traffic density.
 Microcontroller gives appropriate result according to traffic.
 Traffic light will be glown based on density.

Department of EEE 2/28/2018 4

Department of EEE 5
2/28/2018
SL.N TITLE AUTHORS’S NAME RELATIONSHIP WITH PROPOSED
O SYSTEM

1 Intelligent traffic signal Karthik pandit Adaptive traffic control system which
control system using receive information from vehicle such as
embedded system speed and position and then to utilize to
optimize a traffic signal

2 Intelligent traffic system Ganesh S khekare It specifies the use of onboard sensors in
for VANET vehicle and standard wireless
communication protocall

3 Hierarchical framework C N Chuah, D Ghosal Optimise traffic control using

for real time traffic microcontroller
control

6
Department of EEE 2/28/2018
 4 Priority based Shruthi K R & It implements adaptive traffic control system
traffic lights Vinohi K based on wireless sensor network
controller using
wireless sensor
network
5 AVANET based
intelligent road Nafi & jamiil Khan Here IR counts the vehicle on the road and
traffic signalling microcontroller generates the result
system

Department of EEE
2/28/2018 7
Department of EEE
2/28/2018 8
 It consist of transformer, rectifier, regulator
Microcontroller and IR sensors.
 Transformer step down the 230V ac into 18V

 Output of transformer is given to bridge rectifier

 Output of bridge rectifier is pulsating DC.

 This DC is applied to input of IC 7805 regulator.

 Output of regulator is pure DC (5V)

 This 5V is given to microcontroller and LEDs

Department of EEE
9
2/28/2018
  Power supply unit
 Signal control unit
 ATMEL AT89C51microcontroller unit
 SMCL –LCD Liquid crystal display
 Infrared transmitter and receiver

2/28/2018 10
Department of EEE
 J3

LCD

GND
VCC
P0.0
P0.1
P0.2
P0.3
P0.4
P0.5
P0.6
P0.7
gnd
vcc

RS

EN
W
3
VCC
R6 VCC

10
11
12
13
14
15
16
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
CAP C5
C7 POT
VCC
U3

2 1 CAP
C4 V+ C1+ 3
C1- C6 U1
6 J3
V- 4
P2 C2+ 5 1 1 40 J2
5 CAP C2- 2 2 P1.0 VCC
9 14 11 CAP 3 3 P1.1 39 1
4 13 T1OUT T1IN 12 4 4 P1.2 P0.0/AD0 38 2
8 R1IN R1OUT 5 5 P1.3 P0.1/AD1 37 3
3 7 10 TXD 6 6 P1.4 P0.2/AD2 36 4
7 8 T2OUT T2IN 9 RXD SW1 C1 7 7 P1.5 P0.3/AD3 35 5
2 R2IN R2OUT 8 8 P1.6 P0.4/AD4 34 6
C P1.7 P0.5/AD5
6 33 7
1 P0.6/AD6 32 8
MAX232 CON8 9 P0.7/AD7
RST
CONNECTOR DB9 R4 31 CON8
R J4 EA/VPP
J7 30
CON2 1 RXD 10 ALE/PROG 29
2 TXD 11 P3.0/RXD PSEN J2
3 12 P3.1/TXD
4 13 P3.2/INT0 28 1
5 14 P3.3/INT1 P2.7/A15 27 2
1
2

6 15 P3.4/T0 P2.6/A14 26 3
7 16 P3.5/T1 P2.5/A13 25 4
8 17 P3.6/WR P2.4/A12 24 5
C3 P3.7/RD P2.3/A11 23 6
P2.2/A10 22 7
1

CON8 18 P2.1/A9 21 8
U6 XTAL2 P2.0/A8
1

CAP
t/f (4pin)
Y1 CON8
CRY STAL
3

C2
19
3

XTAL1
20
CAP GND

D1 D2 D4 D6 U5
DIODE DIODE DIODE DIODE +5V
1 2 AT89S52
GND

VIN VOUT

C8 R5
LM7805/TO 104 R
3

C9
= 1000UF/25V

Title
C <Title>
LED
D5 Size Document Number Rev
A <Doc> <Rev Code>

Date: Thursday , July 15, 2010 Sheet 1 of 1

Department of EEE 11
2/28/2018
  Regulated 5V DC voltage is applied to 40th pin of
microcontroller.
 Crystal oscillator of 11.0592MHz crystal is placed at 18th and
19th pin of MC.
 Here IR LED act as transmitter.
 MC having inbuilt I/O ports.
 We are interfacing IR receiver to those ports.
 LEDs are connected to different I/O ports of MC.
 When there is more traffic MC gives signal to green LED.

Department of EEE
12
2/28/2018
Department of EEE
2/28/2018 13
  40: VCC
 20: GND
 9: RST
 Consists of 4 ports
 Each port has 8 pins
 Port0: LCD
 Port1: IR LED
 Port2: IR Receiver

Department of EEE 2/28/2018 14

  8K btyes of In-System programmable flash memory
 4 V to 5V operating range
 256*8 bit internal RAM
 32 Programmable I/O Lines
 8 Interrupt source
 Fast programming time

2/28/2018
15
Department of EEE
  Single chip microprocessor system.
 The microcontroller contains full implementation of a
standard. MICROPROCESSOR, ROM, RAM, I/0, CLOCK,
TIMERS, and also SERIAL PORTS.
 System as a low cost product.

Department of EEE
2/28/2018 16
  Microcontroller (AT89S52)
 PCB
 IR sensor pairs
 Red, green, yellow LEDs
 11.0592 MHz crystal
 Resistors
 Capacitors
 Transformer
 Regulator (IC 7805)
 LCD

Department of EEE
2/28/2018 17
  Symbol and operation of IR transmitter is very similar to
ordinary LED
 IR transmitter generates infrared. IR transmitter is made
up of Gallium arsenide.
 If we pass the current to gallium arsenide it produces IR
rays.
 Current applied to the sensor is directly proportional to
the rays emitted
 though IR transmitter can withstand up to 35mA, we
have used 5mA due to shortest distance.
 If the distance is more we have to increase the current
flow to the transmitter

2/28/2018
Department of EEE 18
  This circuit is mainly used to for counting application
 Since IR can be used only during proper alignment position
 IR receiver is having reverse characteristics of the IR
transmitter
 IR Receiver will conduct as long as the rays falls on it.

Department of EEE
2/28/2018 19
  Electrical devices do not interfere with infra red transmission.
 Infra red technology are its simple and extremely cheap
senders and receivers which are integrated into nearly all
mobile devices
 No licenses are needed for infra redtechnology and shielding
is very simple
 The transmission of infra red light (e.g., at 900 nm
wavelength).

Department of EEE 2/28/2018 20

 • A voltage step-down transformer is used .
• It adjusts the Ac level so that the appropriate Dc amplitude is
achieved.
• Its load handling capacity must be sufficient to supply the load
and account for the losses in the rectifier, filter and regulator.

Department of EEE
2/28/2018 21
  The circuit consists of four diodes (1N4007) in which at a time
only two diodes conduct.
 Each diode has only transformer secondary voltage across it
on the inverse cycle.
 This circuit model allows us to have the dc current to flow for
the both cycles of Ac input.
 The bridge circuit is thus suitable for high voltage application.

Department of EEE
2/28/2018 22
  The use of Filters is to smoothen the waveform by
eliminating the ac components from the rectifier circuits .
 Basically capacitors are being connected in shunt.
 The action of the system occurs as the capacitor stores
energy during the conduction period and delivers this
energy to the load during non-conducting period .
 In this way, the time during which the current passes
through the load is prolonged and the ripple is
considerably decreased .

Department of EEE
2/28/2018 23
• They maintain a constant voltage level independent of load
condition or variation in the amplitude of the AC supply .
• An example of regulator is LM7805 series It is the three terminal
device with input .
• Hence LM7805 voltage regulator is used.

2/28/2018
Department of EEE 24
 • A light-emitting diode (LED) is a semiconductor light
source.
• The color of the light is determined by the energy gap of
the semiconductor.

25
Department of EEE 2/28/2018
  Avoids wastage of time due to the traffic
 Fully automatic
 Low power consumption
 It provides the easy access in the traffic light.
 Low cost to design the circuit, maintenance of the circuit is
good
 By using this microcontroller IC we can create many more
control to the appliances
 Easy convenience to handle

Department of EEE
2/28/2018 26
  IR receiver module extended with automatic turn off when no
vehicles are running on any side of the road which helps in
power consumption saving.
 The system can be replaced by image processing system
which will give efficient results.

Department of EEE 2/28/2018 27

  KEIL COMPILER

 LANGUAGE: EMBEDDED C OR ASSEMBLY

Department of EEE
2/28/2018 28
  www.national.com
 www.nxp.com
 www.8052.com
 www.microsoftsearch.com
 www.geocities.com

Department of EEE
2/28/2018 29
Department of EEE
2/28/2018 30