2.

Other ships
1. Ships for the
Transport of Cargo
and Passengers

Vessel that is used to transport

people or goods by sea.
CLASSIFICATION OF SHIPS IN TYPES
1.Ships For The Transport of Cargo And Passengers
 Bale and Unit Cargo
 Container vessels
 Heavy-cargo vessels
 Multipurpose vessels
 Cattle ship
 Refrigerated Cargo  Roll-on/Roll-of
 LPG/LNG carriers  RoRo freighters
 Conventional refrigerated ships
 Car and passenger ferries
 Fishing vessels

 Bulk Cargo  Recreation

 Crude carriers  Cruise ships

 Product tankers  Sailing-motor yachts
 Chemical tankers
 Bulk carriers
2.Other Ships  Salvage
 Fishing Vessels  Tugs
 Trawlers
 Shear legs
 Other types of fishing vessels
 Diving vessels
 Vessels Providing Services For  Barges
Shipping
 Seagoing tugs
 Harbour tugs  Construction and Infrastructure
 Icebreakers
 Dredgers
 Pilot vessels
 Coast guard vessels  Cable layers
 Research vessels  Shear legs
 Navy  Offshore
Aircraft carriers  Seismic survey vessels
Cruisers  Drilling rigs/Jack-ups
Destroyers
 Drilling ships
Frigates
 Semi-submersible drilling
Submarines units
Mine sweepers  Floating storage and
offloading vessels
 Shuttle tankers

 Supply vessels

 Construction vessels
 Multipurpose ship

*These vessels can transport many types of cargo.

*These ships use hatchcovers as bulkheads as well as tweendecks in the hold.
*hatchcovers can be placed at varying heights and positions.
• Cargo like wood or conteiners can be carried on top of the hatches.
Possible cargo
Containers
General cargo
Dry bulk cargo like grain
Cars…
These vessels can be subdivided into:
1. Ships with cargo gear
2. Ships without cargo gear
3. Coastal trade liners
Container Ships
• The specific advantage of the use of containers is that the cargo
can be transported directly from customer to customer,and not
just from port to port.
• The sizes of containers vary.The ISO-standards distinguish the
TEU and the FEU,which may differ in height.
TEU:twenty feet equivalent unit. 20’=20*0.305=6.10 metres
FEU:forty feet equivalent unit. 40’=40*0.305=12.20 metres
Possible cargo:
Containers
• There are two main types of container vessels:
1. Big intercontinental container vesselsup to 8,400 TEU
• The big container ships can only go to the largest ports because of the
ship’s size and the transfer capacity is so big.
• Large container vessels ususally do not have their own loading gear.
Container feeders, starting at 200 TEU

• Container feeders are small os medium-sized ships starting at

200 TEU that specialize in transporting cargo from small
ports to large ports and vice versa, or for use in services
which are not profitable for the larger container vessels.
• The feeders may be equipped with cargo gear.
A few turkish container companies
Panamax-Capesize
• PANAMAX:It is a term used to describe the
vessels in the maximum width that can pass
through the Panama Canal.
• It covers vessels between 65,000 and 80,000 dwt.
• Acceptable size is limited to 275 m to allow
passage through the Panama. A little more than
32 m is allowed.
• CAPESIZE: Vessels with tonnages between
100,000 and 180,000 dwt are defined as
"capesize".
Among the high-depth terminals are cargoes such as iron ore
and raw materials. Because of their large size for the Panama
and Suez Canals, the reason for the capesize is that they must
travel around Cape of Good Hope and Cape Horn.
Refrigerated Ships(Reefers)
• Modern refrigerated ships are carrying cargo more and more in
containers instead of on trays.
• Refrigerated containers have a built in refrigerating
system,which can be plugged in to the ship’s electricity grid.
• Air is used to get rid of the excess heat and therefore the
vantilation of the conteinejrs is very important.
• Refrigerated containers can also be transported by a regular
container vessel.
Possible cargo
• Fruit,vegetables(cooled,chilled)
• Meat, fish(frozen)
• General cargo
• Containers on deck and sometimes in the holds
TRADING VESSELS-SPECIAL LOAD CARRIERS

TANKERS
TANKERS

A tanker is ship that is

designed to transport liquids in
bulk. Tankers, like other ship
types, are today highly
specialized and exists in
number of varieties and sizes.
From small self propelled
barges up to ULCC (ultra large
crude carrier).
An example of what Tankers are designed to carry Is: crude
oil, Petroleum, liquefied natural gas, lIquefied petroleum
gas, BItumen, molasses, wine and chemicals. The tanker segment
represents about 30% of the worlds total merchant fleet
TANKER DESIGN AND TYPES
DESIGN

• The design of Tanker ship is similar to a

Bulker with the exception that the
cargo holds have been replaced with
tanks. Machinery either two or four
stroke engines depending on size and
design of the vessel. In most cases HFO
(heavy fuel oil) is used as fuel for
propulsion but in some cases (like on
LNGs) natural gas is used instead of
HFO.
 DESIGN

Design speed of the vessels is normally between 10 – 18 knots. For on- and
offloading of the vessel tankers are equipped with a cargo pump system that is
closely monitored due to risk of fire.
ASPHALT/BITUMEN CARRIERS
These ships that specially
designed to carry asphalt/bitumen
products. Characteristics of those
ship is that they are designed with
“floating tanks” which means that
the tanks are allowed to expand
due to high temperature of the
product they carry, up to 260°C.

Tanks are sometimes insulated to

minimize heat losses. Size of a
bitumen carrier is in the smaller
segment (<10 000 DWT) typically
between 1 000 – 6 000 DWT.
BUNKER TANK
• Is a ship designed
to supply fuel to
ships offshore.
Bunker tanker are
smaller vessels
from 100 – 5 000
dwt and the design
is the same as
product tankers.
CRUDE OIL TANKER
• Crude oil tankers are
dedicated to transport
crude oil from offshore oil
plants (oil platforms) or oil
fields to refineries. Ships in
this category falls belongs
to the real “giants of the
sea” and the worlds largest
ships could be found
among crude oil tankers.
 LNG

• It is a ship that designed to transport Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG). In order to keep the
natural gas liquefied the gas has to be cooled held in the tanks at -162°C. The liquefied
gas is in some designs kept in sphere shaped tanks that are carefully insulated to avoid
heating up and “boil-off” of the LNG. It also gives the ship a very characteristic look.
No insulation is perfect and according to WGI (World Gas Intelligence), on a typical
voyage an estimate of 0.1% – 0.25% of the cargo converts to gas each day, depending
on the efficiency of the insulation and the roughness of the voyage. Some LNG carriers
are designed to use the “boil-off” from the cargo tanks as fuel for propulsion and are
equipped with dual fuel engines.
LPG
• This ship type is
specially designed to
transport petroleum
gas like propane ,
butane,
propylene and
butylene.
PRODUCT TANKERS
• It is a ship designed for
transporting refined products
from the refineries such
as gasoline, diesel oil and aviation
fuel. Product tankers are available
from small tanker barges up sizes
of 170 000 DWT and is the most
common tanker type.
CHEMICAL TANKER
• It is a ship that is
designed to transport
different kinds of
chemicals but are also
able to transport the
same products as
the Product Tanker. A
chemical tanker is in
most cases more
advanced than the
Product Tanker when
comes to the cargo
handling system as have
to avoid mixing of the
products it is
transporting.
 Cattle Ships
Cattle ship is a large ship used in the live
export of sheep, cattle and goats. They
are specially built new or converted
from container ships.

This type is especially using for transport cattle

and sheep. Austiralia and New Zeland have larg
farm areas. The animals are transported from
them to USA, Canada and various european
countries. This ships have large warehouse that
are using for food and water. 300 000 nutrients
and half a million liters of drinking water can
transported
A cruise ship is a luxury vessel that is used to take
passengers on a pleasure voyage
 They make it easy to visit several places in a single trip with no need to repack
belongings and use a car,train, bus etc. to travel to each location. Meanly, your hotel comes
along with you.

Today you can visit every

continent on earth,
including Antarctica, by cruise
ship
 YACHTS

Motor yachts Sport fisher

Sailing yachts Gulet yachts

Expedition yachts Open yachts

Classic yachts Catamarans

The most popular choice for charters

Their performance is satisfying for

rich people.
Sailing Yachts

Experience the romance and

freedom of wind
An expedition yacht is a unique and Expedition Yacht
versatile vessel which has the ability
to cruise self-sufficiently for long
periods of time at sea
Classic Yacht

Timeless, elegant and full of character for an authentic

cruising experience
 Open Yachts

Exhilarating, high-performance
and speed
 Catamarans
ideal for entering shallow waters such
as the Caribbean and Bahamas
 Sport Fishing Yacht

Similarly to the expedition yacht, a

sport fishing yacht is designed to be
self-sufficient in order to withstand
long periods of time at sea
Gulet Yacht

A powerful combination of sail and engine with

beautiful craftsmanship and tradition.