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This document provides an overview of fundamental concepts in information and communication technology (ICT). It defines a computer as an electronic device that receives input, processes data based on a set of instructions, produces output, and stores information. The document outlines the basic tasks of a computer in converting data into meaningful information. It also describes the data/information processing cycle involving input, processing, output, storage, and a set of instructions. Finally, the document lists several application areas of computers in fields such as education, military, medicine, research, entertainment, business, industry, transportation, and offices.

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112 views29 pages

Lec 1

This document provides an overview of fundamental concepts in information and communication technology (ICT). It defines a computer as an electronic device that receives input, processes data based on a set of instructions, produces output, and stores information. The document outlines the basic tasks of a computer in converting data into meaningful information. It also describes the data/information processing cycle involving input, processing, output, storage, and a set of instructions. Finally, the document lists several application areas of computers in fields such as education, military, medicine, research, entertainment, business, industry, transportation, and offices.

Uploaded by

api-394738731
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© © All Rights Reserved
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You are on page 1/ 29

Lecture – 01

Fundamental of ICT
BSIT-2017-I – First Semester

By: Sagheer Ahmed ,Lecturer–SBBU, SBA


Contents
• Computer Science
• Computer Defined
• Application Areas of Computer
• Basic Task of a Computer
• Data and Information
• Data / Information Processing Cycle
• Input
• Process
• Output
• Storage
• Set of Instructions

2
Computer Defined

Computer is an electronic device, which is capable of:

• Receiving the input

• Processing the data on the basis of given set of instructions

• Producing the output

• Storing the information (if needed)

3
Is this a Computer?

• Input
• Process
• Output
• Storage

4
Is this a Computer?

• Input
• Process
• Output
• Storage

5
Is this a Computer?

• Input
• Process
• Output
• Storage

6
Is this a Computer?

• Input
• Process
• Output
• Storage

7
Why we need Computers

As an easier resource to things such as communications. Through all


types of communication(via internet) we can advertise, sell , chat, phone
call ,location to location and many other things.
Application Areas of Computer

Nowadays computers are considered backbone in many different fields.

1. Education :
Schools, Colleges, Universities

10
Application areas of computer

2. Military:
Missile launch, Trajectory, Radar, Satellite Communications

10
Application areas of computer

3. Medicine:
Surgery, Remote treatment, X-Ray, Ultrasound, CT Scan

11
Application areas of computer

4. Research:
Simulators, Special softwares, Surveys

12
Application areas of computer

5. Entertainment:
Music, Movies, Games, 3D Cinemas, Virtual Reality

13
Application areas of computer

6. Business:
Banks, ATM, Online Banking, Online Shopping

14
Application areas of computer

7. Industry:
Production, Painting, Robots, Engine construction

15
Application areas of computer

8. Transportation:
Airline, Train reservation, Air traffic control, Auto pilot

16
Application areas of computer

9. Office:
Office automation, email, MS Office

17
Basic Task of a Computer

• Basic task of a computer is to convert Data (meaningless) in to


Information (meaningful).

Data Information

18
Data and Information
• Data is the collection of Facts and Figures.
• Processed data is called Information.

Figures:
• Numbers
• Not pictures or shapes but numeric quantities

20
Data and Information

Facts:
• Anything other than number
• Characters
• String
• Pictures
• Graphs
• Charts

21
Data and Information

DATA INFORMATION

• Data has no any meaning, it is • Information has meaning, its is


meaningless. meaningful.

• Data is useless. • Information is useful.

• Data is unprocessed. • Information is processed.

• Input to the computer is data. • Output of the computer is


information.

22
Data / Information Processing Cycle
Set of instructions
Instruction 1
Instruction 2
Instruction n

Data Information
Input Process Output

Information
Storage

23
Data / Information Processing Cycle

Input:
• Entering data in to the computer.
• It is performed by input devices.

24
Data / Information Processing Cycle

Process:
• Performing operations on the data in order to convert it in to information.
• It is performed by processing devices.

25
Data / Information Processing Cycle

Output:
• Presenting the results/information.
• It is performed by output devices.

26
Data / Information Processing Cycle

Storage:
• Saving data, programs, output or information for future use.
• It is performed by storage devices.

27
Data / Information Processing Cycle
Set of Instructions:
• Collection of instructions (Program) that converts the data in to information.
• Contains procedure that converts data in to information.
• Stored in memory.

28
Thank
You

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