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Power Distribution

The document discusses inductance in power transmission lines. It covers proximity effects where current density is higher between adjacent conductors. Inductance is defined as the ratio of total magnetic flux linkage to current. For a single conductor, the magnetic field intensity around it is related to the current through Ampere's law. Internal inductance is calculated based on the flux inside the conductor, while external inductance considers flux outside it. Inductance of two-wire transmission lines depends on the geometry and spacing of the conductors. Flux linkage can be expressed in terms of self and mutual inductance between the conductors.

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Rana Gulraiz Hassan
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93 views25 pages

Power Distribution

The document discusses inductance in power transmission lines. It covers proximity effects where current density is higher between adjacent conductors. Inductance is defined as the ratio of total magnetic flux linkage to current. For a single conductor, the magnetic field intensity around it is related to the current through Ampere's law. Internal inductance is calculated based on the flux inside the conductor, while external inductance considers flux outside it. Inductance of two-wire transmission lines depends on the geometry and spacing of the conductors. Flux linkage can be expressed in terms of self and mutual inductance between the conductors.

Uploaded by

Rana Gulraiz Hassan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Power Transmission and

Distribution
Proximity effects
• In a transmission line there is a non-uniformity of current distribution
caused by a higher current density in the elements of adjacent
conductors nearest each other than in the elements farther apart.

• The phenomenon is known as proximity effect.

• It is present for three-phase as well as single-phase circuits. For the


usual spacing of overhead lines at 60 Hz, the proximity effect is
neglected
INDUCTANCE OF A SINGLE CONDUCTOR
• The inductive reactance is by far the most dominating impedance element.
• A current-carrying conductor produces a magnetic field around the
conductor.
• The magnetic flux lines are concentric closed circles with direction given by
the right hand rule.
• With the thumb pointing in the direction of the current, the fingers of the
right hand encircled the wire point in the direction of the magnetic field.
• When the current changes, the flux changes and a voltage is induced in the
circuit.
• By definition, for nonmagnetic material, the inductance L is the ratio of its
total magnetic flux linkage to the current I, given
INDUCTANCE OF A SINGLE CONDUCTOR

• Where 𝜆 is the flux linkage, in Weber turns.

• Consider a long round conductor with radius r, carrying a


current I as shown in Figure on next slide.
INDUCTANCE OF A SINGLE CONDUCTOR
INDUCTANCE OF A SINGLE CONDUCTOR
• The magnetic field intensity 𝐻𝑥 , around a circle of radius x, is
constant and tangent to the circle.
• The Ampere’s law relating 𝐻𝑥 to the current 𝐼𝑥 is given by
INDUCTANCE OF A SINGLE CONDUCTOR
• Where 𝐼𝑥 is the current enclosed at radius x. As shown in Figure 4.
Equation ( 8) is all that required for evaluating the flux linkage 𝜆 of a
conductor.
• The inductance of the conductor can be defined as the sum of
contributions from flux linkages internal and external to the
conductor.
Internal Inductance
• Simply it can be obtained by the internal flux linkage by neglecting the
skin effect and assuming uniform current density throughout the
conductor cross section i.e.,
• The flux inside (or outside) the conductor is in the circumferential
direction. The two directions that are perpendicular to the flux are
radial and axial.
• Let us consider an elementary area that has a dimension of dx m
along the radial direction and 1 m along the axial direction.
• Therefore the area perpendicular to the flux at all angular positions is
dx  1 m2. Let the flux along the circular strip be denoted by dx and
this is given by
Internal Inductance
Internal Inductance
Inductance Due To External Flux Linkage
Inductance of a two wire single phase lines
Inductance of a two wire single phase lines
Inductance of a two wire single phase lines
Inductance of a two wire single phase lines
Inductance of a two wire single phase lines
Inductance of a two wire single phase lines
Flux linkage in terms of self and mutual
inductance

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