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Algo

The document discusses writing algorithms by defining variables, data types, and pseudocode. It explains that an algorithm is a formal sequence of instructions to solve a problem. Variables must be declared with a name and data type, which can be textual (character, string), numerical (integer, real), or boolean. Pseudocode is a detailed description of a program or algorithm expressed in plain language rather than code. An example pseudocode is provided to calculate total price by declaring variables, getting input, performing calculations, and printing output.

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5K views

Algo

The document discusses writing algorithms by defining variables, data types, and pseudocode. It explains that an algorithm is a formal sequence of instructions to solve a problem. Variables must be declared with a name and data type, which can be textual (character, string), numerical (integer, real), or boolean. Pseudocode is a detailed description of a program or algorithm expressed in plain language rather than code. An example pseudocode is provided to calculate total price by declaring variables, getting input, performing calculations, and printing output.

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api-297910907
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 14

Writing an Algorithm

Recapitulation
• Remember that an algorithm is a formal sequence of instructions of
how to solve a problem.
• In essence it is the recipe for solving a problem
Declaring variables
• In lesson 3 we learnt how to identify and name variables. Today we
will learn how to declare variables.
• When declaring a variable you give a suitable name and identify the
data type.
What is a datatype?
• This is simply saying what type of data will your variable (container)
hold.
• Just as how you have a bag (container) to hold books, a wallet
(container) to store money and cards, a bottle (container) to store
water.
• There are 4 basic data types in algorithm.
Data types
Textual data is data that may include a combination of letters,
symbols and numbers.
• Character or Char –can be in the form of a single letter or symbol
• String- group of characters
Numerical Data is data that made of two main types:
• Integers- refer to numbers that don’t have decimal points. E.g.
5,20,-25,8700
• Real-refer to numbers with a decimal point. E.g. 10.25,-6.98
Boolean data is data that must be true or false .
Whether you are married or not.
Absent or Present
Let’s declare some variables
• Write an algorithm that accepts the price and quantity of an item and
print the total price.

• Declare price as REAL


• Declare Quantity as INTEGER
• Declare Total Price as REAL
Activity 1
Identify and declare the variables in the problem statement below:
• Write an algorithm that accepts 4 grades and print the average grade.
Types of Algorithm
• An algorithm may be represented as a pseudocode, flowchart or
narrative.
Pseudocode
• This is a detailed description of what a computer program or
algorithm must do, expressed in a formally-styled natural language
rather than in a programming language.
Let’s Write a pseudocode
1) All algorithms will begin with the keyword START and end with STOP.
• Therefore go ahead and write :
START

Leave space to enter the Recipe

STOP
Cont’d writing pseudocode
• Take all the instructions that are under the P column in your defining
diagram and insert between START and STOP.
START
PRINT “Enter the quantity”
INPUT quantity
PRINT “Enter the price”
INPUT price
Total_Price=Price*Quantity
PRINT “The total price is”, Total_Price
STOP
Cont’d writing pseudocode
• Declare the variables immediately under the keyword START
START
• Declare price as REAL
• Declare Quantity as INTEGER
• Declare Total Price as REAL

PRINT “Enter the quantity”


INPUT quantity
PRINT “Enter the price”
INPUT price
Total_Price=Price*Quantity
PRINT “The total price is”, Total_Price
STOP
Now move to the NEXT Page
Activity 2
Write a pseudocode for the following problem statement:

• Write an algorithm that accepts 4 grades and print the average grade.

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