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HDR

The document discusses high dynamic range imaging and tone mapping. It explains that cameras have limited dynamic range compared to the human visual system. High dynamic range imaging captures multiple exposures of a scene and combines them to produce an image with a wider dynamic range. Radiometric calibration is also needed to map the measured pixel values to scene radiance. This process allows capturing a greater range of brightness levels in scenes with areas of both very high and very low brightness.

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Moh Lisajidin
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191 views34 pages

HDR

The document discusses high dynamic range imaging and tone mapping. It explains that cameras have limited dynamic range compared to the human visual system. High dynamic range imaging captures multiple exposures of a scene and combines them to produce an image with a wider dynamic range. Radiometric calibration is also needed to map the measured pixel values to scene radiance. This process allows capturing a greater range of brightness levels in scenes with areas of both very high and very low brightness.

Uploaded by

Moh Lisajidin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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High Dynamic Range Imaging

and Tone Mapping


Paul Debevec’s SIGGRAPH Course
The Problem of Dynamic Range
• Dynamic Range: Range of brightness values measurable with a camera

(Hood 1986)

• Today’s Cameras: Limited Dynamic Range

High Exposure Image Low Exposure Image

• We need about 5-10 million values to store all brightnesses around us.
• But, typical 8-bit cameras provide only 256 values!!
High Dynamic Range Imaging

• Capture a lot of images with different exposure settings.

• Apply radiometric calibration to each camera.

• Combine the calibrated images (for example, using averaging weighted by exposures).
(Mitsunaga)

(Debevec)

Images taken with a fish-eye lens of the sky show the wide range of brightnesses.
Relationship between Scene and Image Brightness

• Before light hits the image plane:

Scene Image
Scene Lens
Radiance L Irradiance E

Linear Mapping!

• After light hits the image plane:

Image Camera Measured


Irradiance E Electronics Pixel Values, I

Non-linear Mapping!

Can we go from measured pixel value, I, to scene radiance, L?


Radiometric Calibration
•Important preprocessing step for many vision and graphics algorithms such as
photometric stereo, invariants, de-weathering, inverse rendering, image based rendering, etc.

g 1 : I  E
•Use a color chart with precisely known reflectances.

255

g 1 ?

Pixel Values
g

0
0 ? 1
90% 59.1% 36.2% 19.8% 9.0% 3.1%
Irradiance = const * Reflectance

• Use more camera exposures to fill up the curve.


• Method assumes constant lighting on all patches and works best when source is
far away (example sunlight).
• Unique inverse exists because g is monotonic and smooth for all cameras.
[Greg Ward]
[Greg Ward]

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