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    C2: Structure, Bonding and The Properties of Matter: Key Concepts

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    Mrs S Baker
    This document discusses the three main types of bonding: ionic, covalent, and metallic. Ionic bonding involves the transfer of electrons between metal and non-metal atoms, forming positive and negative ions that are attracted via electrostatic forces. Covalent bonding involves the sharing of electrons between non-metal atoms to gain stable full outer shells, forming molecules. Metallic bonding involves positive metal ions held together by a sea of delocalized electrons. Each type of bonding leads to different properties in the resulting compounds or materials.

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    C2: Structure, Bonding and The Properties of Matter: Key Concepts

    Uploaded by

    Mrs S Baker
    73 views9 pages
    This document discusses the three main types of bonding: ionic, covalent, and metallic. Ionic bonding involves the transfer of electrons between metal and non-metal atoms, forming positive and negative ions that are attracted via electrostatic forces. Covalent bonding involves the sharing of electrons between non-metal atoms to gain stable full outer shells, forming molecules. Metallic bonding involves positive metal ions held together by a sea of delocalized electrons. Each type of bonding leads to different properties in the resulting compounds or materials.

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    c 2 Revision

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    This document discusses the three main types of bonding: ionic, covalent, and metallic. Ionic bonding involves the transfer of electrons between metal and non-metal atoms, forming positive and negative ions that are attracted via electrostatic forces. Covalent bonding involves the sharing of electrons between non-metal atoms to gain stable full outer shells, forming molecules. Metallic bonding involves positive metal ions held together by a sea of delocalized electrons. Each type of bonding leads to different properties in the resulting compounds or materials.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    73 views9 pages

    C2: Structure, Bonding and The Properties of Matter: Key Concepts

    Uploaded by

    Mrs S Baker
    This document discusses the three main types of bonding: ionic, covalent, and metallic. Ionic bonding involves the transfer of electrons between metal and non-metal atoms, forming positive and negative ions that are attracted via electrostatic forces. Covalent bonding involves the sharing of electrons between non-metal atoms to gain stable full outer shells, forming molecules. Metallic bonding involves positive metal ions held together by a sea of delocalized electrons. Each type of bonding leads to different properties in the resulting compounds or materials.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 9

    C2: Structure, bonding and

    the properties of matter

    Key Concepts
    Types of bonding

    Ionic bonding Metal and non-metal atoms

    Covalent bonding Non-metal atoms only

    Metallic bonding Metal atoms only

    All types of bonding involve changes in


    the number of electrons in the outer
    shells of atoms.
    Ionic compounds

    One or more electrons are


    transferred from each metal
    atom to each non-metal atom.

    The positive and negative


    ions are strongly attracted
    to each other. This
    electrostatic attraction is
    Examples include - Sodium
    Chloride, magnesium called an ionic bond.
    chloride.
    Properties of Ionic compounds
    Example: sodium chloride.
    Ionic substances:
    • Form crystals due to the regular
    arrangement of ions.
    • Conduct electricity when molten or
    in solution.
    • Are brittle
    • Are soluble
    • Have high melting and boiling points
    Covalent Bonds

    Bonding between non-metal atoms is called covalent


    bonding. This forms molecules.
    The atoms share one or more outer electrons to gain a
    stable full outer shell.
    Simple covalent structures
    Oxygen, water and carbon dioxide are molecules. They
    have a simple structure because they only contain a few
    atoms.
    O
    O O O C O
    H H
     have low melting and boiling points;
     are usually soft and brittle – they shatter when hit.

     are usually insoluble in water but soluble in other solvents


    such as petrol;

     cannot conduct electricity – there are no free


    electrons to carry an electrical charge.
    Giant covalent structures

    All the bonds are covalent,


    which means that giant
    covalent structures have a
    very high melting and boiling
    point.

    This also means that


    almost all giant
    covalent structure
    are hard but brittle.
    Metallic Bonds

    Bonding within the atoms of a metal is metallic bonding.


    Positive ions are held together by a sea of delocalised
    Electrons.
    Polymerisation

    Heat
    Pressure
    Catalyst

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