Turning Center
Programming And Operation
Lesson One:
Machine Configurations
Copyright 2002, CNC Concepts, Inc.
2
Key Concept You must understand the
Number One machine you’ll be working with!
FANUC 10T
O N G P A 7 8 9 RESET
POWER
ON X00.0000 X
I
U Y
J
V Z
K
W Q
R
B
C Sp
4
1
5 6
2 3
START
OFF
Z00.0000 F
M
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[
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? H
T
@
(
L @
EOB)
#
/
,
*
-
+
0
= CAN
CALC
INPUT
PAGE CURSOR
SHIFT NC/PC
AUX
In key concept #1 we look at the CYCLE
START
FEED
HOLD
MDI JOG ON
machine from a programmer’s viewpoint
AUTO HANDLE OFF
DRY SINGLE MACHINE OPTIONAL BLOCK
ZERO RUN BLOCK LOCK STOP DELETE
EDIT
MODE RETURN OFF ON ORIGIN
100% 25% 50%
X Z
X+ 10% 100% X10
MEMORY X1 X100
Z- Z+ PROTECT X Z
0% 200% 9 10 11
8 12
X- 7
FEEDRATE RAPID 6
JOYSTICK
OVERRIDE OVERRIDE 5
4 0
3
EMERGENCY
STOP ON OFF 2
SPINDLE SLOW FAST 1 TURRET INDEX
100% 100%
0% 130% 0% 130%
OD ID
SPINDLE LOAD AXIS LOAD
X Z
CLAMP
DIRECTION
In key concept #7 we look at the
machine from an operator’s viewpoint
Key concept #1
CHUCK TAILSTOCK
From programmer’s viewpoint Key concept #7
From operator’s viewpoint
3
Key Concept You must understand the
Number One machine you’ll be working with!
Seven Lessons
Machine configurations
Understanding turning center feeds and speeds
General flow of CNC Usage
Visualizing the execution of a CNC program
Understanding program zero
Determining program zero assignment values
Three ways to assign program zero
4
Key Concept You must understand the
Number One machine you’ll be working with!
Seven Lessons
Machine configurations
Understanding turning center feeds and speeds
General flow of CNC Usage
Visualizing the execution of a CNC program
Understanding program zero
Determining program zero assignment values
Three ways to assign program zero
5
Key Concept You must understand the
Number One machine you’ll be working with!
Seven Lessons
Machine configurations
Understanding turning center feeds and speeds
General flow of CNC Usage
Visualizing the execution of a CNC program
Understanding program zero
Determining program zero assignment values
Three ways to assign program zero
6
Key Concept You must understand the
Number One machine you’ll be working with!
Seven Lessons
Machine configurations
Understanding turning center feeds and speeds
General flow of CNC Usage
Visualizing the execution of a CNC program
Understanding program zero
Determining program zero assignment values
Three ways to assign program zero
7
Key Concept You must understand the
Number One machine you’ll be working with!
Seven Lessons
Machine configurations
Understanding turning center feeds and speeds
General flow of CNC Usage
Visualizing the execution of a CNC program
Understanding program zero
Determining program zero assignment values
Three ways to assign program zero
8
Key Concept You must understand the
Number One machine you’ll be working with!
Seven Lessons
Machine configurations
Understanding turning center feeds and speeds
General flow of CNC Usage
Visualizing the execution of a CNC program
Understanding program zero
Determining program zero assignment values
Three ways to assign program zero
9
Key Concept You must understand the
Number One machine you’ll be working with!
Seven Lessons
Machine configurations
Understanding turning center feeds and speeds
General flow of CNC Usage
Visualizing the execution of a CNC program
Understanding program zero
Determining program zero assignment values
Three ways to assign program zero
10
Key Concept You must understand the
Number One machine you’ll be working with!
Seven Lessons
Machine configurations
Understanding turning center feeds and speeds
General flow of CNC Usage
Visualizing the execution of a CNC program
Understanding program zero
Determining program zero assignment values
Three ways to assign program zero
11
Key Concept You must understand the
Number One machine you’ll be working with!
Seven Lessons
Machine configurations
Understanding turning center feeds and speeds
General flow of CNC Usage
Visualizing the execution of a CNC program
Understanding program zero
Determining program zero assignment values
Three ways to assign program zero
12
Lesson Number One:
Machine Configurations
13
Lesson One Lesson Plan
1 Basic machining practice
1 Machine configurations
1 Universal slant bed
1 Chucker slant bed
1 Twin spindle horizontal
1 Single/twin spindle vertical
1 Mill/turn machines
1 Programmable functions
14
Lesson One Lesson Plan
1 Basic machining practice
1 Machine configurations
1 Universal slant bed
1 Chucker slant bed
1 Twin spindle horizontal
1 Single/twin spindle vertical
1 Mill/turn machines
1 Programmable functions
15
Lesson One Lesson Plan
1 Basic machining practice
1 Machine configurations
1 Universal slant bed
1 Chucker slant bed
1 Twin spindle horizontal
1 Single/twin spindle vertical
1 Mill/turn machines
1 Programmable functions
16
Lesson One Lesson Plan
1 Basic machining practice
1 Machine configurations
1 Universal slant bed
1 Chucker slant bed
1 Twin spindle horizontal
1 Single/twin spindle vertical
1 Mill/turn machines
1 Programmable functions
17
Lesson One Lesson Plan
1 Basic machining practice 1 1
1 Machine configurations
1 Universal slant bed
1 Chucker slant bed
1 Twin spindle horizontal
1 Single/twin spindle vertical
1 Mill/turn machines
1 Programmable functions
18
Presentation links
Key concept #1 Programmable features
Basic machining practice Turret
Machine configurations Spindle
Universal slant bed Feedrate
Chucker Coolant
Twin spindle horizontal
Sub-spindle
Single spindle vertical
Twin spindle vertical
Mill / turn
Gang style
Sliding headstock
19
Basic Machining Practice
The Key To Proper CNC
Machine Usage!
You must understand basic machining
practice as it relates to turning centers
20
Though basic machining practice is beyond
the scope of this course…
…you must understand:
4Machining operations
Like: Rough turning/finish turning
Rough boring/finish boring
Drilling
Tapping
Threading
Grooving/necking
Knurling
21
Though basic machining practice is beyond
the scope of this course…
…you must understand:
4Machining operations
4Processing
Processing:
Development of the machining order
by which the workpiece is produced
22
Though basic machining practice is beyond
the scope of this course…
…you must understand:
4Machining operations
4Processing
4Cutting conditions
You must be able to determine spindle
speed, feedrate, and depth of cut based
upon cutting tool material workpiece
material, and rigidity of setup
23
Though basic machining practice is beyond
the scope of this course…
…you must understand:
4Machining operations
4Processing
4Cutting conditions
4Work-holding setups
You must be able to design safe work-
holding setups
24
Though basic machining practice is beyond
the scope of this course…
…you must understand:
4Machining operations
4Processing
4Cutting conditions
4Work-holding setups
4Blueprint reading, dimensioning, etc.
You must understand all aspects of
basic machining practice in order to
write safe, workable CNC programs
25
Though basic machining practice is beyond
the scope of this course…
…you must understand:
If you feel
4Machining weak in your basic
operations
machining practice skills…
4Processing
4Cutting conditions
4Work-holding setups
See pages 1-1
4Blueprint reading, dimensioning, etc.
through 1-37 in the
You muststudent
understand all aspects of
manual!
basic machining practice in order to
write safe, workable CNC programs
26
Machine Configurations
Turning centers are
available in several styles
27
There are many forms of CNC
turning centers…
P Universal slant bed
P Chucker slant bed
P Twin spindle horizontal
P Single spindle vertical
P Twin spindle vertical
P Mill/turn machines
P Gang type
P Sliding headstock
In all cases…
X will be the diameter controlling axis
Z will be the length controlling axis
28
There are many forms of CNC
turning centers…
P Universal slant bed
P Chucker slant bed
P Twin spindle horizontal
P Single spindle vertical
P Twin spindle vertical
P Mill/turn machines
P Gang type
P Sliding headstock
In all cases…
X will be the diameter controlling axis
Z will be the length controlling axis
Front view of machine
Universal style slant bed turning center
Headstock
& Spindle
Universal style slant bed turning center
Work-holding
Device
Universal style slant bed turning center
Center Body
Quill
Tailstock
Universal style slant bed turning center
Turret
Universal style slant bed turning center
34
That’s why it’s called a “universal” style
A universal slant bed turning
center can perform all types of
turning applications:
4Chucker work
4Shaft work
4Bar work
Universal style slant bed turning center
- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
36
- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
37
- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
38
- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
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- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
40
- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
41
- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
42
- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
43
- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
44
- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
45
- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
46
- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
47
- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
48
- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
49
- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
50
- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
51
- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
52
- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
53
- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
54
- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
55
- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
56
- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
57
- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
58
- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
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- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
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- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
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- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
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- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
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- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
64
- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
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- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
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- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
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- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
68
- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
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- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
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- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
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- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
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- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
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- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
74
Z is the length controlling axis
- Z Axis
+
Universal style slant bed turning center
+
X Axis
-
Universal style slant bed turning center
76
+
X Axis
-
Universal style slant bed turning center
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+
X Axis
-
Universal style slant bed turning center
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+
X Axis
-
Universal style slant bed turning center
79
+
X Axis
-
Universal style slant bed turning center
80
+
X Axis
-
Universal style slant bed turning center
81
+
X Axis
-
Universal style slant bed turning center
82
+
X Axis
-
Universal style slant bed turning center
83
+
X Axis
-
Universal style slant bed turning center
84
+
X Axis
-
Universal style slant bed turning center
85
+
X Axis
-
Universal style slant bed turning center
86
+
X Axis
-
Universal style slant bed turning center
87
+
X Axis
-
Universal style slant bed turning center
88
+
X Axis
-
Universal style slant bed turning center
89
+
X Axis
-
Universal style slant bed turning center
90
+
X Axis
-
Universal style slant bed turning center
91
+
X Axis
-
Universal style slant bed turning center
92
+
X Axis
-
Universal style slant bed turning center
93
+
X Axis
-
Universal style slant bed turning center
94
X is the diameter controlling axis +
X Axis
-
Universal style slant bed turning center
+
X is DIAMETER
X Axis
If you want to turn a 3.0 inch diameter…
3.000
-
X3.0
X3.0 will be the commanding word
Universal style slant bed turning center
96
+
X is DIAMETER
X Axis
Once again:
3.000
X is always the diameter-controlling axis
Z is always the length controlling axis
Also: -
X+: always gets bigger in diameter
Z+: always away from the spindle
X3.0
Though some machine tool builders
reverse the polarity of the X axis
Universal style slant bed turning center
