Scribd
Upload
84 views18 pages

Programming: Hardware & Software

skr

Uploaded by

mesvic
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
84 views18 pages

Programming: Hardware & Software

skr

Uploaded by

mesvic
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 18

Programming

Hardware &
Software
COMP102 Prog. Fundamentals I: Software / Slide 2

Hardware
Four components of a computer system:
CPU - central processing unit
Makes decisions, performs computations, and
delegates input/output requests
Memory: Disk Drives, CD drives, Tape drives, USB
flash drives.
Stores information
Input devices: Keyboard, Mouse,
Gets information from the user to the computer
Output devices: monitor
Sends information from computer to the user
COMP102 Prog. Fundamentals I: Software / Slide 3

Hardware

Memory

Input Output
Devices Devices

CPU
COMP102 Prog. Fundamentals I: Software / Slide 4

Software

System Application
Software Software
COMP102 Prog. Fundamentals I: Software / Slide 5

Software
Application software
Easy-to-use programs designed to perform
specific tasks
System software
Programs that support the execution and
development of other programs
Two major types
Operating systems
Translation systems (compilers & linkers)
COMP102 Prog. Fundamentals I: Software / Slide 6

Copyright 2000 by Brooks/Cole Publishing Company


A division of International Thomson Publishing Inc.
COMP102 Prog. Fundamentals I: Software / Slide 7

Computer Software Relationships

User Interface Application Programs

User Interface Operating System

User Basic Input and Output Services (BIOS)


Interface needed for a computer to boot up

Computer Hardware
COMP102 Prog. Fundamentals I: Software / Slide 8

Application Software

Application software makes computer popular and


easy to use
Common application software:
Microsoft Word, WordPerfect
PowerPoint
Netscape, Internet Explorer
PhotoShop, Photo-Paint
Quick Time
Dreamweaver
COMP102 Prog. Fundamentals I: Software / Slide 9

Operating System
Controls and manages the computing resources
Examples
Windows, Unix, MSDOS,
Important services that an operating system
provides:
Security: prevent unauthorized users from accessing
the system
Commands to manipulate the file system
Input and output on a variety of devices
Window management
COMP102 Prog. Fundamentals I: Software / Slide 10

What is a (programming) language?

A sequence of instructions

An algorthm A program
(in human language) (in computer language)

A program needs to be written in a language


There are many programming languages
Low-level, understandable by a computer
High-level, needs a translator!
C++ is a high level programming language
COMP102 Prog. Fundamentals I: Software / Slide 11

Levels of programming language


Machine binary language: unintelligible
Low-level assembly language
Mnemonic names for machine operations
Explicit manipulation of memory addresses
Machine-dependent
High-level language
Readable
Machine-independent
COMP102 Prog. Fundamentals I: Software / Slide 12

An example:
Machine binary language Low-level assembly High-level
COMP102 Prog. Fundamentals I: Software / Slide 13

How to translate?
A program written in high-level programming language
(for example, C++ program)

COMPILER (for example, Visual C++)

A low-level (machine language) program that is


understandable by a computer (for example, a PC)

Examples of compilers:
Microsoft Visual C++, Eclipse, g++
COMP102 Prog. Fundamentals I: Software / Slide 14

Translation System

Set of programs used to develop software


Types of translators:
Compiler
Linker
Examples
Microsoft Visual C++, Eclipse, g++
COMP102 Prog. Fundamentals I: Software / Slide 15

Software Development
Major activities
Editing (writing the program)
Compiling (creates .obj file)
Linking with compiled files (creates .exe file)
Object files Source Program

Library modules
Compile
Loading and executing
Library routines
Testing the program Edit Link
Other object files
Think Load

Execute
COMP102 Prog. Fundamentals I: Software / Slide 16

Integrated
Development Environments
Combine all of the capabilities that a programmer
would want while developing software (VC++ 2008,
Eclipse)
Editor
Compiler
Linker
Loader
Debugger
Viewer
COMP102 Prog. Fundamentals I: Software / Slide 17

Our First Program


// a simple program
#include <iostream> Comments
using namespace std;
Function int main() {
named cout << "Hello world!" << endl;
main() return 0;
indicates }
start of
program

Ends execution Print


of main() which ends statement
program
COMP102 Prog. Fundamentals I: Software / Slide 18

Summary

You might also like