Hazop: Hazard and Operability Study
Hazop: Hazard and Operability Study
Hazop: Hazard and Operability Study
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Hazard - Definition
It is a physical situation with a potential for
human injury, damage to property, damage to
environment or some combination of these.
Hazard is the characteristic of a system / plant
/ process that presents potential for an
accident.
All components of a plant/process need to be
Checked to assess their potential for initiating
or, propagating an unplanned event or
sequence of events resulting in an accident.
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What is HAZOP Study ?
Danger always exists that some part of a
process (new or existing) Will not behave in
the intended manner.
That such a deviation could have a serious
effect on other parts of the process.
The technique designed to study deviations
from intentions is known as HAZOP Study.
HAZOP Study is Not:
A design check or to provide design
alternative
Find solutions, but identify problems
Optimisation study
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Why HAZOP
Hazards result from unexpected
interaction of seemingly safe
component or methods of operation
under exceptional conditions.
Individual specialist checking improves
design / system.
But it is unlikely to detect hazards
concerned with multifunctional
interactions.
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Study of such interactions require :
Combination of skilled experts and a
trained group.
Depth of knowledge.
Informed imagination
To examine a system.
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Applications of HAZOP
New projects
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Specific Applications
Modification of existing operations
Repeat design
Hazop of an existing plant
Operating procedures
Computer - controlled processes
Pilot plant & laboratory operations
Commissioning & de-commissioning
Construction & demolition
Contract operations
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Specific Applications
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Key Factors for Preparatory Work
Team composition
Multi-disciplinary
Knowledge & expertise
Involvement
Up to 5 technical members
Study Leader
Independent body
Knowledgeable
Capacity to control discussion and guide the
systematic questioning procedure
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Key Factors for Preparatory
Work
Obtaining up-to-date data
Planning the sequence of study
Arranging meetings
No interruptions
Regular short breaks to avoid mental
fatigue
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Principles of Examination
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Terms Used
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A Typical Worksheet Format
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Sequence
Apply guide word and
Identify deviations
Identify causes
List consequences
List existing safeguards available
Make recommendation if hazard is
significant or relevant (and record with
cause).
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