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    Unit 1 Fundamentals of Literature: Definition of Basic Concepts

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    Fundamentals of Literature Compiled by: Belachew Weldegebriel Jimma University College of Social Sciences and Humanities Department of English Language and Literature Literature Can you comment on the following definitions of Literature? written works, especially those considered of superior or lasting artistic merit. "a great work of literature" books and writings published on a particular subject. "the literature on environmental epidemiology“ written works (such as poems, plays, and novels) that are considered to be very good and to have lasting importance. Literature is defined as books and other written works, especially those considered to have creative or artistic merit or lasting value. Definitions of Literature The word literature is derived from the Latin term litera which means – letter. Literature, in its broadest sense refers to any written material including advertisements, newspapers and catalogues. Literature can be defined as ‘pieces of writing that are valued as works of art, especially novels, plays and poems’. (Oxford Advanced learner’s English Dictionary) Literature is the total of preserved writings belonging to a given language or people. Literature is a term used to describe written or spoken material. Definition of Literature According to Webster, literature is anything that is printed as long as it is related to the ideas and feelings of people, whether it is true, or just a product of one’s imagination. But the term is normally used to describe written works of artistic merit which have some value through their style or emotional content. Language artistically used to achieve identifiable literary qualities and to convey meaningful messages Literary is characterized by beauty of expression, form and by universality, intellectual and emotional appeal. Definitions of Literature Literature is used to describe anything from creative writing to more technical or scientific work but the term is most commonly used to refer to works of the creative imagination, poetry, drama, fiction and non fiction. “the body of written works produced in a particular language, country, or age, or the body of writings on a particular subject (scientific, art, etc.)” Literature: Literature is usually defined as “Imaginative” writing in the sense of fiction-writing which is not literally true. Actually, the distinction between “fact” and “fiction” seems unlikely to get us very far Novels and news reports were neither clearly factual nor clearly fictional. Literature Literature is not definable according to whether it is fictional or “imaginative” but because it uses language in particular ways. Literature is a kind of writing which represents an ‘organized violence committed on ordinary speech’ Raman Jocobson Literature transforms and intensifies ordinary language, deviates systematically from everyday speech. Some useful remarks and questions If literature includes much ‘factual’ writing, it also excludes quite a lot of fiction. If literature is ‘creative’ or ‘imaginative’ writing, does this imply that history, philosophy and natural science are uncreative and unimaginative? What is Literature? The literary work was neither a vehicle for ideas, a reflection of social reality nor the incarnation of some transcendental truth: It is a material fact, whose functioning could be analyzed rather as one could examine a machine. It was made of words not of objects or feelings, and it was a mistake to see it as the expression of the author’s mind. Formalists view of literature The formalists started out by seeing the literary work as a more or less arbitrary assemblage of ‘devices’, and only later come to see these devices as interrelated elements of functions within a total textual system. Devices included sound, imagery, rhythm, syntax, meter, rhyme, narrative techniques , in fact the whole stock of formal literary

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    Unit 1 Fundamentals of Literature: Definition of Basic Concepts

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    Fundamentals of Literature Compiled by: Belachew Weldegebriel Jimma University College of Social Sciences and Humanities Department of English Language and Literature Literature Can you comment on the following definitions of Literature? written works, especially those considered of superior or lasting artistic merit. "a great work of literature" books and writings published on a particular subject. "the literature on environmental epidemiology“ written works (such as poems, plays, and novels) that are considered to be very good and to have lasting importance. Literature is defined as books and other written works, especially those considered to have creative or artistic merit or lasting value. Definitions of Literature The word literature is derived from the Latin term litera which means – letter. Literature, in its broadest sense refers to any written material including advertisements, newspapers and catalogues. Literature can be defined as ‘pieces of writing that are valued as works of art, especially novels, plays and poems’. (Oxford Advanced learner’s English Dictionary) Literature is the total of preserved writings belonging to a given language or people. Literature is a term used to describe written or spoken material. Definition of Literature According to Webster, literature is anything that is printed as long as it is related to the ideas and feelings of people, whether it is true, or just a product of one’s imagination. But the term is normally used to describe written works of artistic merit which have some value through their style or emotional content. Language artistically used to achieve identifiable literary qualities and to convey meaningful messages Literary is characterized by beauty of expression, form and by universality, intellectual and emotional appeal. Definitions of Literature Literature is used to describe anything from creative writing to more technical or scientific work but the term is most commonly used to refer to works of the creative imagination, poetry, drama, fiction and non fiction. “the body of written works produced in a particular language, country, or age, or the body of writings on a particular subject (scientific, art, etc.)” Literature: Literature is usually defined as “Imaginative” writing in the sense of fiction-writing which is not literally true. Actually, the distinction between “fact” and “fiction” seems unlikely to get us very far Novels and news reports were neither clearly factual nor clearly fictional. Literature Literature is not definable according to whether it is fictional or “imaginative” but because it uses language in particular ways. Literature is a kind of writing which represents an ‘organized violence committed on ordinary speech’ Raman Jocobson Literature transforms and intensifies ordinary language, deviates systematically from everyday speech. Some useful remarks and questions If literature includes much ‘factual’ writing, it also excludes quite a lot of fiction. If literature is ‘creative’ or ‘imaginative’ writing, does this imply that history, philosophy and natural science are uncreative and unimaginative? What is Literature? The literary work was neither a vehicle for ideas, a reflection of social reality nor the incarnation of some transcendental truth: It is a material fact, whose functioning could be analyzed rather as one could examine a machine. It was made of words not of objects or feelings, and it was a mistake to see it as the expression of the author’s mind. Formalists view of literature The formalists started out by seeing the literary work as a more or less arbitrary assemblage of ‘devices’, and only later come to see these devices as interrelated elements of functions within a total textual system. Devices included sound, imagery, rhythm, syntax, meter, rhyme, narrative techniques , in fact the whole stock of formal literary

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    Fundamentals of Literature Compiled by: Belachew Weldegebriel Jimma University College of Social Sciences and Humanities Department of English Language and Literature Literature Can you comment on the following definitions of Literature? written works, especially those considered of superior or lasting artistic merit. "a great work of literature" books and writings published on a particular subject. "the literature on environmental epidemiology“ written works (such as poems, plays, and novels) that are considered to be very good and to have lasting importance. Literature is defined as books and other written works, especially those considered to have creative or artistic merit or lasting value. Definitions of Literature The word literature is derived from the Latin term litera which means – letter. Literature, in its broadest sense refers to any written material including advertisements, newspapers and catalogues. Literature can be defined as ‘pieces of writing that are valued as works of art, especially novels, plays and poems’. (Oxford Advanced learner’s English Dictionary) Literature is the total of preserved writings belonging to a given language or people. Literature is a term used to describe written or spoken material. Definition of Literature According to Webster, literature is anything that is printed as long as it is related to the ideas and feelings of people, whether it is true, or just a product of one’s imagination. But the term is normally used to describe written works of artistic merit which have some value through their style or emotional content. Language artistically used to achieve identifiable literary qualities and to convey meaningful messages Literary is characterized by beauty of expression, form and by universality, intellectual and emotional appeal. Definitions of Literature Literature is used to describe anything from creative writing to more technical or scientific work but the term is most commonly used to refer to works of the creative imagination, poetry, drama, fiction and non fiction. “the body of written works produced in a particular language, country, or age, or the body of writings on a particular subject (scientific, art, etc.)” Literature: Literature is usually defined as “Imaginative” writing in the sense of fiction-writing which is not literally true. Actually, the distinction between “fact” and “fiction” seems unlikely to get us very far Novels and news reports were neither clearly factual nor clearly fictional. Literature Literature is not definable according to whether it is fictional or “imaginative” but because it uses language in particular ways. Literature is a kind of writing which represents an ‘organized violence committed on ordinary speech’ Raman Jocobson Literature transforms and intensifies ordinary language, deviates systematically from everyday speech. Some useful remarks and questions If literature includes much ‘factual’ writing, it also excludes quite a lot of fiction. If literature is ‘creative’ or ‘imaginative’ writing, does this imply that history, philosophy and natural science are uncreative and unimaginative? What is Literature? The literary work was neither a vehicle for ideas, a reflection of social reality nor the incarnation of some transcendental truth: It is a material fact, whose functioning could be analyzed rather as one could examine a machine. It was made of words not of objects or feelings, and it was a mistake to see it as the expression of the author’s mind. Formalists view of literature The formalists started out by seeing the literary work as a more or less arbitrary assemblage of ‘devices’, and only later come to see these devices as interrelated elements of functions within a total textual system. Devices included sound, imagery, rhythm, syntax, meter, rhyme, narrative techniques , in fact the whole stock of formal literary

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    Unit 1 Fundamentals of Literature: Definition of Basic Concepts

    Uploaded by

    bela2011
    Fundamentals of Literature Compiled by: Belachew Weldegebriel Jimma University College of Social Sciences and Humanities Department of English Language and Literature Literature Can you comment on the following definitions of Literature? written works, especially those considered of superior or lasting artistic merit. "a great work of literature" books and writings published on a particular subject. "the literature on environmental epidemiology“ written works (such as poems, plays, and novels) that are considered to be very good and to have lasting importance. Literature is defined as books and other written works, especially those considered to have creative or artistic merit or lasting value. Definitions of Literature The word literature is derived from the Latin term litera which means – letter. Literature, in its broadest sense refers to any written material including advertisements, newspapers and catalogues. Literature can be defined as ‘pieces of writing that are valued as works of art, especially novels, plays and poems’. (Oxford Advanced learner’s English Dictionary) Literature is the total of preserved writings belonging to a given language or people. Literature is a term used to describe written or spoken material. Definition of Literature According to Webster, literature is anything that is printed as long as it is related to the ideas and feelings of people, whether it is true, or just a product of one’s imagination. But the term is normally used to describe written works of artistic merit which have some value through their style or emotional content. Language artistically used to achieve identifiable literary qualities and to convey meaningful messages Literary is characterized by beauty of expression, form and by universality, intellectual and emotional appeal. Definitions of Literature Literature is used to describe anything from creative writing to more technical or scientific work but the term is most commonly used to refer to works of the creative imagination, poetry, drama, fiction and non fiction. “the body of written works produced in a particular language, country, or age, or the body of writings on a particular subject (scientific, art, etc.)” Literature: Literature is usually defined as “Imaginative” writing in the sense of fiction-writing which is not literally true. Actually, the distinction between “fact” and “fiction” seems unlikely to get us very far Novels and news reports were neither clearly factual nor clearly fictional. Literature Literature is not definable according to whether it is fictional or “imaginative” but because it uses language in particular ways. Literature is a kind of writing which represents an ‘organized violence committed on ordinary speech’ Raman Jocobson Literature transforms and intensifies ordinary language, deviates systematically from everyday speech. Some useful remarks and questions If literature includes much ‘factual’ writing, it also excludes quite a lot of fiction. If literature is ‘creative’ or ‘imaginative’ writing, does this imply that history, philosophy and natural science are uncreative and unimaginative? What is Literature? The literary work was neither a vehicle for ideas, a reflection of social reality nor the incarnation of some transcendental truth: It is a material fact, whose functioning could be analyzed rather as one could examine a machine. It was made of words not of objects or feelings, and it was a mistake to see it as the expression of the author’s mind. Formalists view of literature The formalists started out by seeing the literary work as a more or less arbitrary assemblage of ‘devices’, and only later come to see these devices as interrelated elements of functions within a total textual system. Devices included sound, imagery, rhythm, syntax, meter, rhyme, narrative techniques , in fact the whole stock of formal literary

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    of 24

    Compiled by: Belachew Weldegebriel

    Jimma University
    College of Social Sciences and Humanities
    Department of English Language and Literature
    Literature
    What?
    Can you comment on the following
    definitions of Literature?
    written works, especially those considered of superior or
    lasting artistic merit. "a great work of literature"

    books and writings published on a particular subject.


    "the literature on environmental epidemiology

    written works (such as poems, plays, and novels) that are


    considered to be very good and to have lasting importance.

    Literature is defined as books and other written works,


    especially those considered to have creative or artistic merit
    or lasting value.
    Definitions of Literature
    The word literature is derived from the Latin term
    litera which means letter. Literature, in its broadest
    sense refers to any written material including
    advertisements, newspapers and catalogues.
    Literature can be defined as pieces of writing that are
    valued as works of art, especially novels, plays and
    poems. (Oxford Advanced learners English Dictionary)
    Literature is the total of preserved writings belonging
    to a given language or people.
    Literature is a term used to describe written or spoken
    material.
    Definition of Literature
    According to Webster, literature is anything that is
    printed as long as it is related to the ideas and feelings
    of people, whether it is true, or just a product of ones
    imagination.
    But the term is normally used to describe written
    works of artistic merit which have some value
    through their style or emotional content.
    Language artistically used to achieve identifiable
    literary qualities and to convey meaningful messages
    Literary is characterized by beauty of expression, form
    and by universality, intellectual and emotional appeal.
    Definitions of Literature
    Literature is used to describe anything from
    creative writing to more technical or scientific work
    but the term is most commonly used to refer to works
    of the creative imagination, poetry, drama, fiction and
    non fiction.
    the body of written works produced in a particular
    language, country, or age, or the body of writings on a
    particular subject (scientific, art, etc.)
    Literature: Literature is usually defined as
    Imaginative writing in the sense of fiction-writing
    which is not literally true.

    Actually, the distinction between fact and fiction


    seems unlikely to get us very far

    Novels and news reports were neither clearly factual


    nor clearly fictional.
    Literature
    Literature is not definable according to
    whether it is fictional or imaginative but
    because it uses language in particular ways.
    Literature is a kind of writing which
    represents an organized violence committed
    on ordinary speech Raman Jocobson
    Literature transforms and intensifies ordinary
    language, deviates systematically from
    everyday speech.
    Some useful remarks and questions
    If literature includes much factual writing,
    it also excludes quite a lot of fiction.
    If literature is creative or imaginative
    writing, does this imply that history,
    philosophy and natural science are uncreative
    and unimaginative?
    What is Literature?
    The literary work was neither a vehicle for
    ideas, a reflection of social reality nor the
    incarnation of some transcendental truth:
    It is a material fact, whose functioning could
    be analyzed rather as one could examine a
    machine.
    It was made of words not of objects or
    feelings, and it was a mistake to see it as the
    expression of the authors mind.
    Formalists view of literature
    The formalists started out by seeing the literary work
    as a more or less arbitrary assemblage of devices, and
    only later come to see these devices as interrelated
    elements of functions within a total textual system.

    Devices included sound, imagery, rhythm, syntax,


    meter, rhyme, narrative techniques , in fact the whole
    stock of formal literary elements; and what all of these
    elements had in common was their estranging or
    defamiliarizing effect.
    Non-fiction
    This can also be called informational" material.

    These types of books provide information that is factual.


    Nothing is make-believe in these types of materials.
    More specific examples of this type of genre would be .
    . . Biographies
    Autobiographies
    Non-fiction
    Biographies: A true account of a person's life
    written, composed, or produced by another.

    Autobiographies: The biography of a person written


    by that person him/herself.
    Fiction
    In this type of work, the author can make up the
    whole/entire story. Authors can also choose to
    include factual information in a made-up story.
    The author can have wizards creating magic spells
    or it can be about a 12 year old girl who has a secret
    crush.
    Types of Literature and their
    meaning
    (a) Poetry- is the expression of ideas or a story in a
    form which has a metre (rhythm) and sometimes
    rhyme. Poetry is appreciated for the beauty of the
    language used as well as for the ideas or stories that it
    contains.
    The earliest poems were epics: long stories of the
    heroic deeds of gods or men. The Iliad of Homer is the
    best known examples of this type of poem and tells of
    the siege and fall of Troy.
    Prose
    (b) Prose- uses the spoken language but prose literature
    has to communicate stories or ideas clearly and in a form
    that is enjoyable to read.
    The best-known prose is the novel, a story of fictitious
    characters and events which relate to a real life. It is
    normally long and may have a complex plot.
    The first long narratives were written by Ancient
    Greek and Roman authors and were often humorous.
    But for a long time poetry was regarded as the proper
    medium of expression for serious or noble stories and
    prose was only used to write about mundane matters.
    The Novel
    The novel in its modern form came into being in the
    late 1700s although satirical books such as Cervantes
    Don Quixote and Rabelais Gargantua and Pantagruel
    were written in the 16th and 17th centuries.
    In the 19th century British novels attained status
    when authors like Walter Scott, Charles Dickens, and
    Bront sisters and William Thackeray were writing.
    Drama
    Drama is the specific mode of fiction represented in
    performance.

    Drama is the most concrete


    form in which art can
    recreate human situation.

    a composition in prose or verse presenting in dialogue


    or pantomime a story involving conflict or contrast of
    character, especially one intended to be acted on the
    stage; a play (Dictionary.com)
    Drama
    The word drama comes from the Greek word dran
    which means to do.
    The ancient Greek is considered the birthplace of
    classic western theatre.
    Greek theatre began as a part of religious celebration
    of the god Dionysus.
    Imitation the fact that drama presents
    something closer to the reality, but not
    reality itself, is one of the universal
    elements of drama.
    Questions
    Questions
    Art is not a mirror to reflect reality; but a
    hammer to shape it. Bertolt Brecht
    Thank you

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