FOOTNOTING AND LEGAL

CITATION: FOLLOWING
THE BLUE BOOK
UNIFORM SYSTEM OF
CITATION

By: Atty. Patrick Simon Perillo

Ateneo Law School J.D. 08
DLSU LMG 03
 TOPICS TO DISCUSS AND LEARN

Order of Authorities
Primary
Secondary

Footnoting
Short citation

Bibliography

Abbreviation of Words
ORDER OF AUTHORITIES PRIMARY

Constitution
Statutes, treaties and other international
instruments
Cases

Legislative Documents other than statutes

Administrative or executive documents

Implementing Rules and Regulations

Court Documents including Rules of Court

Documents of intergovernmental organizations

ORDER OF AUTHORITIES
SECONDARY

Books, Annotations and Treatises

Journal Articles

Periodical Articles

Internet Sources

Interviews

Papers and Theses

Miscellaneous
CONSTITUTION

Current Constitution:
{STATE OR COUNTRY} CONST.
{subdivisions}
PHIL. CONST. art. VI, 11, 2.

Repealed Constitution:
{Year of adoption} {STATE OR COUNTRY}
CONST. {subdivisions} ({year superseded}).
1935 Phil. Const. art. 1, 1 (superseded
1971).

Small Caps shortcut: CTRL-SHIFT+K

CODES AND STATUTES
Codes
{full title} {SHORT TITLE}, {statute number,
{subdivisions} ({year}).
An Act Revising the Penal Code and Other Penal
Law {REVISED PENAL CODE], Act No. 3815, art.
2 (1932).

Short citation and subsequent citations:

{SHORT TITLE}, {subdivisions}.
REVISED PENAL CODE, arts. 171-173.
Id.

Id. Art. 180, 2.

CODES AND STATUTES
Statutes
{full title} [{Short title, if any}], {statute
number}, {subdivisions} ({year}).

An Act Penalizing the Making or Drawing and

Issuance of a Check Without Sufficient Funds or
Credit and for Other Purposes, Batas Pambansa Blg.
22, 6 (1978).

Short citation and subsequent citations:

{Short Title or abbreviated statute number}, {subd.}.
B.P. Blg. 22, 5.
Id.

Id. 2.
CODES AND STATUTES
Statutes

An Act Providing for the Recognition and Use of

Electronic Commercial and Non-commercial
Transactions and Documents, Penalties for Unlawful
Use Thereof and For Other Purposes [e-Commerce
Act of 2008], Republic Act. No. 8792, 33 (2000).

Short citation and subsequent citations:

E-Commerce Act of 2008, 33-34.
Id.

Id. 10.
CASES (JUDICIAL DECISIONS)
Supreme Court Decisions
Reported Cases General Rule
{case name}, {volume number} {Reporter} {first page},
{cited page} ({year}).

Laurel v. Abrogar, 483 SCRA 243, 245 (2006).

Unreported Cases Exception

{case name}, {G.R. Number}Reporter}, {cited page}
{date}.

People v. Ramos, G.R. No. 172470, Apr. 8, 2008.

CASES (JUDICIAL DECISIONS)
Short citation and subsequent citations:

Laurel, 483 SCRA at 269.

Id. at 255.
Id.
People v. Ramos, G.R. No. 172470, Apr. 8, 2008.
Id.
CASES (JUDICIAL DECISIONS)
Decisions of other Philippine courts

{case name}, {volume number} {Reporter}

{first page}, {cited page} ({Court} {year}).

People v. Collantes, 37 O.G. 1804, 1805

(Court of Appeals 1926).

If unreported, follow the same format as

that of the Supreme Courts unreported
cases.
(Exception)
LEGISLATIVE MATERIALS
Bills
{title}, {legislature}, {session}, in
{publication, if any} {subdivision} ({date}).

H.B. 604, 13th Cong., 2d Sess. (May 12,

2007, in 128 Cong. Rec. S. 7091 (May 19,
2007).
LEGISLATIVE MATERIALS
Bills with hearings held

{title of hearing, including the bill number and

committee which held the hearing},
{legislature} {page number} ({year of
hearing}) ({parenthetical information about
person testifying}).

Benefits for U.S. Victims of International

Terrorism: Hearing on S. 1275 Before the
Senate Foreign Relations Committee, 108th Cong. 2-5
(2003) (statement of William H. Taft, IV, Legal
Advisor, Dept. of State).
LEGISLATIVE MATERIALS
Congressional Reports
{title and author, if any} {H.R. or S. to indicate House of
Representatives or Senate} REP. NO. {Number of
Congress}-{Number of Report}, at {page number} ({year}).

H.R. REP. NO. 99-226, at 8 (1985).

Congressional Journals
{volume, if any} {JOURNAL OF CHAMBER OF
CONGRESS} {journal number}, {legislature}, {session}
({date}).

SENATE JOURNAL 722, 13th Cong. 1st Reg. Sess., Senate

Sess. No. 67 (Mar. 7, 2005).
68 JOURNAL OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES
14, 13th Cong., 1st Reg. Sess. (May 10-11, 2005).
EXECUTIVE AND ADMINISTRATIVE
MATERIALS
{issuing agency}, {title, if any}, {issuance or series
number, if any}, {volume} {official source, if any}
{page or section number} ({date}).

Bureau of Internal Revenue, Revenue Memorandum

Circular No. 37-93, 89 O.G. 4476 (Aug. 9, 1993).
Bureau of Internal Revenue, Rev. Reg. No. 16, 2005,
Effectivity Clause (Sep. 1, 2005).
Office of the President, Instituting the Presidential
Award for Heroism in Times of Disaster, Executive
Order No. 421 (Sep. 7, 1990).
Securities and Exchange Commission, Code of
Corporate Governance, SEC Memorandum Circular
No. 2, Series of 2002 (Apr. 5, 2002).
IMPLEMENTING RULES AND
REGULATIONS
{title of statute}, {subdivisions} ({year}).

Rules and Regulations Implementing the Anti-

Violence against Women and Their Children Act of
2004, 14 (a) (2004).
Id.
Rules and Regulations Implementing the e-
Commerce Act of 2000, 1 (2000).
Id. 5.
RULES OF COURT
{TITLE OF RULES}, {rule}, {subdivisions}.

2000 REVISED RULES OF CRIMINAL

PROCEDURE, rule 110, 4.
Id.
1997 RULES OF CIVIL PROCEDURE, rule 41, 2
(a).
Id.
1991 Revised Rules on Summary Procedure, 10.
Id.
BOOKS, ANNOTATIONS, TREATISES
Books and Treatises General Rule:
{AUTHOR}, {TITLE} {cited page} ({year} or
{edition number} {year} or {year of edition}).

RUBEN F. BALANE, JOTTINGS IN CIVIL LAW:

SUCCESSION 53 (2d ed. 2002).
JOAQUIN G. BERNAS, S.J., THE 1987
CONSTITUTION OF THE REPUBLIC OF THE
PHILIPPINES: A COMMENTARY 1195 (2003 ed.)
SAMUEL WILLISTON, A TREATISE ON THE LAW
OF CONTRACTS, ADMINISTRATIVE LAW
TREATISE 120-21 (1990).
BOOKS, ANNOTATIONS, TREATISES
Books and Treatises Multi-Volume Work
{volume number} {AUTHOR}, {TITLE} {cited
page} ({year} or {edition number} {year} or {year
of edition}).
4 OSCAR B. HERRERA, REMEDIAL LAW 150 (2001
ed.)

Books and Treatises With Editor or Translator

{AUTHOR}, {TITLE} {cited page} ({Editor or
translator} {ed(s). or trans.}, {year}).
ADAM SMITH, THE WEALTH OF NATIONS 30-31
(Edwin Cannan ed., 2000).
WOMEN AND LANGUAGE IN LITERATURE AND
SOCIETY 284-99 (Ruth Broker, et al., eds., 1980).
BOOKS, ANNOTATIONS, TREATISES
Books and Treatises 2 Authors
{AUTHOR 1} & {AUTHOR 2}, {TITLE} {cited
page} ({year} or {edition number} {year} or {year
of edition}).
JUSTICE JOSE C. VITUG & JUDGE ERNESTO D.
ACOSTA, TAX LAW AND JURISPRUDENCE 150
(2d ed. 2000).

Books and Treatises More than 2 authors

{AUTHOR 1} ET AL., {TITLE} {cited page} ({year}
or {edition number} {year} or {year of edition}).
JOSUE N. BELLOSILLO, ET AL., OMNIBUS
ELECTION CODE 181 (2007).
BOOKS, ANNOTATIONS, TREATISES
Books and Treatises Short citation and
subsequent citations:

BALANE, supra note 50, at 104.

Id.
VITUG & ACOSTA, supra note 52, at 205.
CRUZ, ET AL., supra note 68, at 305.
Id.
Id. at 288.
3 REGALADO, supra note 80, at 206.
Id. at 299.
BOOKS, ANNOTATIONS, TREATISES
Annotations
{Author}, Annotation, {Title}, {volume number}
{Reporter} {first page}, {cited page} ({year}).

Jorge R. Coquia, Annotation, The National

Computerized Identification Reference System as
Violation of the Right to Privacy: A Review of the
Principles and Jurisprudence on Privacy as Human
Rights, 293 SCRA 201, 203 (1998).
JOURNAL ARTICLES
{Author}, {Title}, {volume number} {JOURNAL}
{first page, {cited page} ({year}).

Patrick Simon S. Perillo, Transporting the Concept of

Creeping Expropriation from de Lege Ferenda to de
Lege Lata: Concretizing the Nebulous under
International Law 53 ATENEO L.J. 434, 488 (2008).

Short citation and subsequent citations:

Perillo, supra note 43, at 489-90.
Id.
Id. at 488.
PERIODICALS
Magazine
{Author}, {Title}, {NAME OF MAGAZINE}, {date},
at {first page of article}.
Usha Tankha, Transforming Misfortune into
Opportunity, ADB REV., Apr.-May 2006, at 30.

Newspaper Article
{Author}, {Headline}, {ABBREVIATION OF
NEWSPAPER}, {date of article}, at {page on
which article appears}.
John M. Broder, Clinton Adamant on 3D World Role
in Climate Accord, N.Y. TIMES, Dec. 12, 1997, at A1.
INTERNET SOURCES
{Author if available}, {title}, available at {internet
address/website} (last accessed {date}).

Barry M. Leiner, et al., A Brief History of the

Internet, available at
http://www.isoc.org/internet/history/brief.shtml#Intro
duction (last accessed Apr. 26, 2007).
Protected Area and Wildlife Bureau, Tamaraw
Conservation Project, available at
http://www.pawb.gov.ph/progs/tamaraw.htm (last
accessed Dec. 27, 2002).

Note: Remove hyperlink.

INTERVIEWS
In-person Interview
{Name}, {Title}, {Institutional Affiliation, if any, of
the interviewee}, in {location of the interview} ({date
of the interview}).
Interview with Dick Cheney, Vice-President, United
States of America, in Washington, D.C. (Oct. 24,
2006).
Telephone Interview
{Name}, {Title}, {Institutional Affiliation, if any, of
the interviewee}, in {location of the interview} ({date
of the interview}).
Telephone Interview with Orhan Pamuk, in
Stockholm (Oct. 12, 2006).
INTERVIEWS
Interview not personally conducted by the author

{Name of interviewer}, {Name of interviewee}, {Title},

{Institutional Affiliation, if any, of the interviewee},
in {location of the interview} ({date of the interview}).
Interview by Harry Keisler with Kofi Annan,
Secretary General, United Nations, in University of
California, Berkeley (Apr. 19, 1998).
THESES
{Author}, {Title} ({date}) ({indicate type of work},
{institution that awarded the degree}) ({where it
can be found}).
Archie E. Blake, Daubert and Reality: A Survey of
Nevada Judges (1996) (unpublished thesis,
University of Nevada) (on file with Reno Library,
University of Nevada).
Rosalyn C. Rayco, Cyber-Prostitution at a Click of a
Button: Evaluating the Applicability of Prostitution
Statutes in Criminalizing Paid Video-based Cybersex
(2006) (unpublished J.D. thesis, Ateneo de Manila
University) (on file with the Professional Schools
Library, Ateneo de Manila University).
BASIC FOREIGN MATERIALS
United Nations
General Assembly Resolutions

{Resolution number}, {at page number, if if possible,

paragraph number}, U.N. GAOR, {session or volume
number}, {supplement or annex number}, {designation}
({year}).
G.A. Res. 2131, at 107-08, U.N. GAOR, 20th Sess., Supp. No.

12, U.N. Doc. A/6012 (1965).

G.A. Res. 57/377, 3, U.N. Doc. A/Res/57/377 (July 3, 2003).

G.A. Res. 2131, supra note 34, at 2.

BASIC FOREIGN MATERIALS
United Nations
Reports

{name of issuing body}, [{abbreviation}], {sub-committee

that prepared the report}, {title of the report}, {paragraph
number or the pinpoint cite}, U.N. Doc. {document number}
({date}) ({author included, if available}).
U.N. Econ. & Soc. Council [ECOSOC], United Nations
Forum on Forests, Report of the Seventh Session, Chapt. I,
A.1.1. at 1, U.N. Doc. E/CN.18/2007/8 (Feb. 24, 2006 and
Apr. 16-27, 2007).
BASIC FOREIGN MATERIALS
Treaties, Conventions, Protocols
{name of agreement}, {subdivision, if cited only in
part}, {full date of signing}, {international treaty
sources}.
United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Dec. 10,
1982, Preamble, 1983 U.N.T.S. 3 [hereinafter UNCLOS].
Convention on the Rights of the Child, Nov. 20, 1989, art.
19, 1577 U.N.T.S. 3 [hereinafter CRC].
Id. art. 23.

UNCLOS, supra note 93, at art. 192.

Treaty of Amity and Economic Relations, U.S.-Thail., June

8, 1968, 652 U.N.T.S. 253 [hereinafter T.E.A.R.].

Exception: U.N. CHARTER, art. 43, 1.

BASIC FOREIGN MATERIALS
Cases
{Case name}, ({parties name, except if it is an
advisory opinion}), {volume number and name of
publication} {case number}, {page number} ({date}).
Asylum (Colom. V. Peru), 1950 I.C.J. 266, 277-78
(Nov. 20, 1950).
Legal Status of Eastern Greenland Case, 1933
P.C.I.J. Ser. A/B No. 53, Ser. C., vol. 62, 43, 109, vol.
63, 858 (Apr. 5, 1933).
Asylum, 1950 I.C.J. at 278.