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Physics Tir (Total Internal Reflection

This document discusses the theory and applications of total internal reflection. It begins with an overview of total internal reflection, explaining how it occurs when light travels from an optically dense medium to a less dense one at an angle greater than the critical angle. It then provides examples of total internal reflection in applications like sparkling diamonds, mirages, prisms, and optical fibers. Finally, it lists some reference sources for further information.

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Harsheet Chauhan
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533 views7 pages

Physics Tir (Total Internal Reflection

This document discusses the theory and applications of total internal reflection. It begins with an overview of total internal reflection, explaining how it occurs when light travels from an optically dense medium to a less dense one at an angle greater than the critical angle. It then provides examples of total internal reflection in applications like sparkling diamonds, mirages, prisms, and optical fibers. Finally, it lists some reference sources for further information.

Uploaded by

Harsheet Chauhan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INDEX

Page no.

1. Theory of Total Internal


Reflection. 1-3

2. Applications of T.I.R.
Sparkling of Diamond
Mirage and Looming
Totally reflecting prisms 4-10
Optical fibres
3. Bibliography 11
Theory of Total internal reflection
When light is incident upon a medium of lesser
refractive index , the ray will bend away from
the normal, so the exit angle will be greater than
the incident angle . The exit angle will approach
90 degrees for a particular angle of incidence ,
called Critical angle (c). For incident angles more
than the critical angle , light will be reflected
back to the incident medium itself. Such a
phenomenon is called Total internal reflection.

1
The critical angle can be calculated from the
snells law by setting the refraction to 90 degrees
n1*sin c= n2*sin 90
c=sin n2/n1
Here n1 and n2 are the refractive indices of
medium 1 and 2 respectively.
Total internal reflection takes place only when the
following conditions are met:
the light is incident to a less dense medium from
a denser medium.
the angle of incidence is greater than the critical
angle.

3
Applications of T.I.R.
1. Sparkling of diamond
2. Mirage and Looming
3. Totally reflecting prisms
4. Optical fibres

4
1. Sparkling of diamond
Sparkling is due to :
1.Cut of diamond faces.
2.High index of refraction , which means a
very small critical angle(n=2.42,c=24.4)
incident rays can undergo multiple TIR
inside a diamond before exiting the top
of the diamond.

5
Propagation of light through an optical fibre

when light is incident on one end of the fibre at a


small angle , it goes inside and suffers repeated total
inter reflections because the angle of incidence is
greater than the critical angle of the fibre material
with respect to its outer covering . As there is no loss
of intensity in total internal reflection , the
outcoming beam is of as much intensity as the
incident beam. Even if the wire is bent , light easily
travels through along the fibre.

10
Bibliography
How stuff works
NCERT textbooks
Wikipedia
S.L. Arora
YouTube

11

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