STANDARDS AND

REQUIREMENTS
FOR AIRPORT

J.Niyas Ali, Saranya, Lidya, Irfan, Nihan, Surendar, Vishnu

LANDSIDE REQUIREMENTS AND
STANDARDS
TERMINAL BUILDING
Based on function and flow of passengers, public,
staffs and things we will see the standards and
requirements of each space.
The spaces needed for

The departure flow

Airside
(including baggage) Arrival
And Immigration Departure
The arrival flow Landside

(including baggage)

Immigration
GROSS TERMINAL BUILDING AREA ESTIMATES.

Rule-of-Thumb.
For rough estimating purposes - A rule-of-thumb of about 150
square feet (14 m ) of gross terminal building area per design
peak-hour passenger
Another rule using 0.08 to 0.12 square feet (0.007 to 0.011 m) per
annual enplanement at airports with over 250,000 annual
enplanements can similarly be applied.
SECURITY INSPECTION STATIONS.
There are three types of passenger inspection stations, depending on
the location of the station in relation to the aircraft boarding area.
These include:
(1) Boarding Gate Station;
(2) Holding Area Station: and
(3) Sterile Concourse Station.
Minimum Requirement:
one walk-through weapons
detector
one x-ray device.
Capacity :
500 to 600 persons per hour
o Area:
100 to 150 square feet (9 to 14 sq.m).
X-ray units handle 600 items per
hour.
S
E
C
U
R
I
T
Y

C
H
E
C
K At low activity airports,
where manual search
procedures may be employed,
I
N
CHECK IN FULLY AUTOMATED SYSTEM
CURB SIDE CHECK IN
PUBLIC LOBBY AREA
passenger and visitor waiting;
housing concession areas
other passenger services and baggage claim.
A)Ticketing Lobby
Ticket lobby sizing-
1) total length of airline counter frontage
2) queuing space in front of counters
3) additional space for lateral circulation to
facilitate passenger movements
IATA requirements for counter position
370 square feet for counter positions used for domestic
flights
405 square feet for counter positions used
for international flights.
TICKETING LOBBY-(AREA AND LAYOUT)
Queuing space - minimum of 12 to 15 feet (4 to 5 m).
Lobby depths in front of the ticket counter range from20 to 30 feet (12 to
15 m) for a ticket area serving 50 gates or more.
Area Required 1.4sq.m per person
AIRLINE TICKET
COUNTER/OFFICES- (ATO)
The Airline Ticket Counter (ATO) area is the primary
location for passengers to complete ticket transactions
and check-in baggage.
It includes the airline counters, space and/or conveyors
for handling outbound baggage, counter agent service
areas, and related administrative/support offices.
TYPICAL LINEAR COUNTER AND ITS
STANDARD
BACK ON THE ENVELOPE CALCULATION
LENGTH OF THE QUEE=15
THE SPACE BETWEEN PERSON =3
SO 5 PERSON PER QUEE
TOTAL WIDTH = 53
LEGTH OF EACH COUNTER
INCLUDING BAGGAGE = 13
THERFORE NO OF COUNTER = 4
THEREFORE NO OF PERSON
CAN HANDLE AT A TIME= 20
LAYOUT BY IATA
FLOW THROUGH COUNTER STANDARDS
ISLAND COUNTER CONFIGURATION
RECTANGULAR AND CIRCULAR KIOSK
CONFIGURATION
OFFICE SUPPORT
It includes
Public address system

Personnel area for rest

Restroom

training
b. Waiting Lobby.
A centralized waiting area usually provides public
seating and access to passenger amenities, including
rest rooms, retail shops, food service ,etc..
If all gate areas have seating

sized to seat 15to 25% of the design peak hour

enplaning passengers plus visitors.
If no gate seating

seating for 60 to 70% of design peak hour

enplanements plus visitors should be provided.
Visitor-passenger ratios are best determined by means
of local surveys. In the absence of such data, an
assumption of one visitor per peak hour originating
passenger is reasonable for planning purposes.
WAITING LOBBY
OUTBOUND BAGGAGE
FACILITIES
The outbound baggage facility is that
area where baggage is received by
mechanical conveyor from the ticket
counters, online and offline connecting
flights, and curb-side check-in.
It is sorted and loaded into container or carts for
subsequent delivery to aircraft.
Minimum area is 400 to 450 sq. ft.
But the type of conveyers and Dphp decides the
actual size of the outbound baggage room.
RAW BELT CONVEYORS AND
VERTICAL CHUTES
Raw belt conveyors with spill plates tend to become
less efficient as the length of unloading section is
increased to process simultaneous departures.
The dimension of the outbound baggage room using Raw
Belt conveyors 16-20 X 25-30.
Inclined belts, vertical lift devices, or chutes.
Inclined belts should not exceed a
22-degree slope
. Vertical lift devices arc available with capacities
of 18 to 45 bags per minute.
Spill plate

tray
RECIRCULATING DEVICES

166 x 58=8298sq.ft
 Recirculating devices

Recirculation devices for

sorting and loading
baggage arc normally
considered when the
number
of departures processed
concurrently excccds the
practical capabilities of a raw
belt and spill plate.
OUTBOUND BAG MAKE UP BENCHMARK
PIER CONFIGURATION
SOME NOTEWORTHY BUILDING DESIGN FEATURES IN THE
OUTBOUND BAGGAGE AREA ARC PROVIDED BELOW:

(1) Aisles at least 3 feet (1 m) wide are usually required

around baggage sorting device and between pairs of carts
parked at right angles (unless carts only open on one side).
(2) Traffic lanes for cart trains normally require 10 feet (3
m) with provisions for a 21 foot (6.5 m) outside radius at
turns.
Variations are such that airlines should be consulted.
(3) Minimum clear heights of 8 to 8.5 feet (2.4 to 2.6 m) are
required by most airlines for container son dollies for use
with wide-body aircraft, although a 10 foot (3 m) clearance
is often recommended.
DEPARTURE LOUNGES.
The departure lounge normally includes: space for one or more airline
agent positions for ticket collections, aircraft seat assignment, and
baggage check-in; a seating and waiting area; a queuing area for aircraft
boarding; and an aisle or separate corridor for aircraft deplaning.
The average depth of lounge area generally considered to be reasonable is
25 to 30 feet (8 to 9 m).
METHOD OF CALCULATION OF AREA
Hold rooms are sized based on the following factors:
Largest aircraft type operating at the gate and number of seats
80% peak load factor
Waiting areas determined by 60% of passengers assumed to be seated, and 40%
assumed to be
standing
15 square feet per seated passenger, and 10 square feet per standing passenger
Addition of 230 square feet per gate agent podium, and 180 square feet per
boarding/egress aisle
A 10% reduction in waiting area can be credited for shared holdrooms
Table 2-5 provides an example of holdroom sizing to accommodate
passengers on aMin area required:15 and 20 square feet (1.4 to 1.9 m2),
including aisle , space, is required per seat.
The deplaning Area is generally a roped aisle or separate corridor directly leading
deplaning passengers from the loading bridge or apron gate to a public corridor.
Separation from the rest of the departure lounge is provided to avoid interference
and congestion between deplaning passengers and those waiting to board the
aircraft.
Six feet (2 m) is an acceptable width for this area.
BASIC LAYOUT OF DEPARTURE LOUNGE
TYPICAL DEPARTURE LOUNGE LAYOUT
SPACE ALLOCATIONS.

The terminal building

area is comprised of
both usable and
unusable space.
Unusable space involves
those areas required for
building columns and
exterior and interior
walls, about 5
percent of the total
gross area. The usable
space can be classified
into the two broad
categories of rentable
and nonrentable space.
Usually, 50 to 55
percent is allocated to
rentable space and 45 to
50 percent to
nonrentable
space.
AIRLINE OPERATIONS AREAS.
Airline operations areas are those areas occupied by airline
personnel for performing the functions
related to aircraft handling at the gate.
Composition of functions will vary among individual airports.
The following areas are most commonly required:
Cabin Service or Commissary - an area for the storage of
immediate need items for providing service to the aircraft cabin.
Cabin Service and Ramp Service Personnel - an area for
training facilities and a ready/lunch
room.
Aircraft Line Maintenance - for supplies, tools, storage,
personnel, etc.
 Office Area - for managerial personnel and clerks.
Flight Operations Facilities - includes a message center, area for
meteorological data and flight plans, and flight operations personnel.
Flight Crew and Flight Attendant Facilities - includes an area
for resting, toilet facilities, and personal grooming area.
Secure Area Storage - for items requiring secure storage because
of either the value or fragility of the items.
Volatile Storage - for items requiring extra precautionary storage
due to instability in handling and storage.
The area required for airline operations may be estimated for
planning purposes on the basis of 500 square feet (46.5 m) per
equivalent peak hour aircraft departure.
This factor includes all of the operations areas previously described.
However, at some airports one or more airlines may use additional
terminal space for regional or airline system functions and/or other
support services beyond those functions common to daily airport
operations.
CONCESSIONAIRE AND BUILDING
SERVICES
News and tobacco: Space allowance:
150 square feet minimum, and averaging 600 to 700 square
feet (56 to 66 m) per million annual enplanements.
Gift and apparel shops: Space allowance: 600 to 700
square feet (56 to 66 m) per million annual enplanements.
Drug store:700 square feet (66 m, minimum and
averaging 600 to 700 square feet (56 to 66 m) per million
enplanements.
Barber and shoe shine: operations at some large
airports allow one chair per million annual enplanements.
The most successful operations range from three to seven
chairs. Space allowance: 110 to 120 square feet (10.2 to 11.2
m) per chair with 150 square feet (14 m) for a minimum
facility.
Auto rental counters: 350 to 400 square feet (33 to 37
m) per million annual enplanements.
 Displays (including courtesy phones for hotels). Space
allowance: 90 to 100 square feet (8.4 to 9.3m) per million annual
enplanements.
Insurance (including counters and machines). Space allowance:
150 to 175 square feet (14 to 16 m) per million annual enplanements.
Public lockers require in the range of 70 to 80 square feet (6.5 to 7.4
m) per million annual enplanements.
Public telephones space requirement is 100 to 110 square feet (9.3
to 10.2 m) per million annual enplanements.
Automated post offices may be found desirable to the extent of
providing one station, 125 square feet (11.6 m) for each terminal
serving at least 2.75 million annual enplanements
Nursery facilities. The most practical solutions include a private
toilet room of 50 to 60 square feet (4.7 to 5.6 m) with facilities for
changing and feeding.
The number of such facilities may range from two up, depending upon
terminal size and configuration
FOOD AND BEVERAGE SERVICES
Space per seat: 35 to 40 square feet (3.3 to 3.7 sq.m) per
coffee shop/restaurant seat, including
support space.
Snack bars: 15 to 25 percent of coffee shop/restaurant
overall space requirements.
Bar lounges: 25 to 35 percent of coffee shop/restaurant
overall space requirements.
For estimating and for initial planning purposes, the
following average daily use factors are suggested:
(1) 40 to 60 percent at terminal airports with a high
percentage of long-haul flights;
(2) 20 to 40 percent at transfer airports and through
airports; and,
(3) 15 to 25 percent at terminal airports with a low
percentage of long-haul flights.
16sq.ft per tphp
IMMIGRATION SERVICE - STANDARDS
The following services come under the
immigration.
Immigration and naturalization services.

Public health services.

Customs services.

Animal and plant health services.

IMMIGRATION PRIMARY AND SECONDARY
SCREENING
Inspection booth (manual checking and x ray)- refer slide 5 and 6.
The secondary inspection needs the following rooms.
 Supervisors office Conference Room
The minimum area required for supervisors office Minimum area required is 200sq.ft.

150sq.ft
Surrounded by glass to
visit the primary
Inspection area
AREA REQUIREMENTS OF IMMIGRATION
SERVICES
CUSTOMS SERVICES + PHS
 Search Rooms
At least two windowless search rooms are
required within the USCS office area.
These rooms require a minimum of 80 square feet
(7.4 m) each and a location beyond the baggage
inspection
area. For the safety of the USCS offtces, each
room needs: a push button to actuate a trouble
buzzer
and a call-light; outward opening doors; and a
table (without drawers) and a bench both
anchored or bolted
to the floor or wall.
P.H.S AND A.P.H.S AREA REQUIREMENTS
OTHER GENERAL
STANDARDS
TERMINAL APRON GATE TYPES

GATE TYPE WING SPAN

FUSELAGE
A between 79 feet (24
-
m) and 118 feet (36
m)
between 118 feet (36
B fuselage length less
m) and 171 feet (52
than 160 feet (49 m)
m)

between 118 feet (36 fuselage length

C
m) and 171 feet (52 greater
m) 160 feet (49 m).
between 171 feet (52 -
D
m) and 213 feet (65m)
NOSE TO BUILDING CLEARANCES
In the push-out/power-out configuration, the
distance between the nose of an aircraft and the
building may vary anywhere between 15 to 30
feet (4.5 to 9 m).
For planning purposes,

30 feet (9 m) should be used for gate type A;

20 feet (6 m) for gate types B and C,
and 15 feet (4.5 m) for gate type D.
Aircraft Extremity to Building Clearances.
A 20 feet (6 m) value is satisfactory, except that
45 feet
(14 m) should be provided for inboard pier gates.
Aircraft door
widths range
from 32 inches (84
cm) to 42 inches
(107 cm).
Their respective
flow rates
are approximately
25 passengers and
40 passengers per
minute.
A 36-inch (91 cm)
entrance doorway
accommodates
approximately 37
passengers per
minute.
 Since aircraft aisle width can influence the flow rate of a
loading bridge.
Airline studies indicate a flow rate of 30 passengers per
minute for a single-aisle aircraft.
A stairway at the loading bridge entrance reduces flow
rates to approximately 20-25 passengers per minute, the
same rate achieved when integral aircraft or mobile stairs
arc employed.
A stairway or ramp not constructed within the terminal
building should be provided with an enclosure for weather
protection.
I e. The maximum ramp gradient to comply with
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) requirements is
1:20.
Waiting areas, allowing 50 per cent seating, 50 percent
standing without baggage, allowing cross-flows (e.g. airport
lounge) - 1.1 to 1.4