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Scientific Notation

Scientific notation is a way of writing very large or small numbers in a more concise standard form by using exponents, with rules for changing between standard and scientific notation that involve moving the decimal point based on the sign of the exponent. The document explains scientific notation, its uses, how to change between standard and scientific notation forms, and how to perform basic calculations like multiplication and division when numbers are in scientific notation.

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Mikah Zabaljauregui
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413 views22 pages

Scientific Notation

Scientific notation is a way of writing very large or small numbers in a more concise standard form by using exponents, with rules for changing between standard and scientific notation that involve moving the decimal point based on the sign of the exponent. The document explains scientific notation, its uses, how to change between standard and scientific notation forms, and how to perform basic calculations like multiplication and division when numbers are in scientific notation.

Uploaded by

Mikah Zabaljauregui
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Scientific

Notation
 Prepared by: Jirah Zabaljauregui, Sherina
Oya, Bryan Yap, Kimberly Lopez, Jasmine
Bejino, Justina Holgado, Leinard Casupang,
Shiela Mae Aguilar, Clerk Enrado
 II – Venus
 Submitted to: Mr. Delos Santos
What is scientific Notation?

• Scientific notation is a way of


expressing really big numbers or really
small numbers.
• It is most often used in “scientific”
calculations where the analysis must be
very precise.
Why use scientific notation?

• For very large and very small numbers,


these numbers can be converted into
scientific notation to express them in a
more concise form.
• Numbers expressed in scientific
notation can be used in a computation
with far greater ease.
When using Scientific Notation, there are
two kinds of exponents: positive and
negative
Positive Exponent:
2.35 x 108

Negative Exponent:
3.97 x 10-7
When changing scientific notation to
standard notation, the exponent tells you
if you should move the decimal:

With a positive exponent, move the


decimal to the right:
4.08 x 103 = 4 0 8

Don’t forget to fill in your zeroes!


When changing scientific notation to
standard notation, the exponent tells you
if you should move the decimal:

With a negative exponent, move the


decimal to the left:
4.08 x 10-3 = 408

Don’t forget to fill in your zeroes!


An easy way to remember this is:
• If an exponent is positive, the number
gets larger, so move the decimal to
the right.

• If an exponent is negative, the


number gets smaller, so move the
decimal to the left.
The exponent also tells how many spaces
to move the decimal:

4.08 x 103 = 4 0 8

In this problem, the exponent is +3, so


the decimal moves 3 spaces to the right.
The exponent also tells how many spaces
to move the decimal:

4.08 x 10-3 = 408

In this problem, the exponent is -3, so the


decimal moves 3 spaces to the left.
Example 1

• Given: 5.093 x 106


• Answer: 5,093,000 (moved 6 places
to the right)
Example 2

• Given: 1.976 x 10-4


• Answer: 0.0001976 (moved 4 places
to the left)
Practice: Try changing these numbers from
Scientific Notation to Standard Notation:
1) 9.678 x 104 96780

2) 7.4521 x 10-3 .0074521

85139045.67
3) 8.513904567 x 10 7

.0000409748
4) 4.09748 x 10 -5
When changing from Standard Notation
to Scientific Notation:
1) First, move the decimal after the first whole
number:
3258
2) Second, add your multiplication sign and
your base (10).
3 . 2 5 8 x 10
3) Count how many spaces the decimal moved
and this is the exponent.
3 . 2 5 8 x 10 3
3 2 1
When changing from Standard Notation
to Scientific Notation:
4) See if the original number is greater than or
less than one.
– If the number is greater than one, the
exponent will be positive.
348943 = 3.489 x 105

– If the number is less than one, the


exponent will be negative.
.0000000672 = 6.72 x 10-8
Example 1

• Given: 289,800,000
• Use: 2.898 (moved 8 places)
• Answer: 2.898 x 108
Example 2

• Given: 0.000567
• Use: 5.67 (moved 4 places)
• Answer: 5.67 x 10-4
Practice: Try changing these numbers from
Standard Notation to Scientific Notation:
1) 9872432 9.872432 x 106

2) .0000345 3.45 x 10-5

3) .08376 8.376 x 102

4) 5673 5.673 x 103


Multiplying and Dividing
Numbers in Scientific Notation
• The main reason scientists use Scientific
notation is because it makes calculations
easier
• You never have to multiply or divide by a
number larger than 10
• The rest is simply addition or subtraction
Multiplying Numbers in Scientific Notation
• Given the following:
– 3x105 ● 5x106 = ?
• First step: Operate on the numbers in front
– 3 • 5 = 15
• Second step: Operate on the exponents
– When we multiply numbers with exponents, we add the
exponents
– 105 ● 106 = 1011
• Third step: put them together
– 15x1011
• Fourth step: check to see if number is in good
scientific notation
– 15 is bigger than 10
– Shift the decimal 1 place and add 1 to exponent
– 1.5x1012
Dividing Numbers in Scientific
Notation
• Given the following:
– 3x105 ÷ 5x106 = ?
• First step: Operate on the numbers in front
– 3 ÷ 5 = 0.6
• Second step: Operate on the exponents
– When we divide numbers with exponents, we subtract the
exponents
– 105 ÷ 106 = 10-1
• Third step: put them together
– 0.6x10-1
• Fourth step: check to see if number is in good scientific
notation
– 0.6 is smaller than 1
– Shift the decimal 1 place and subtract 1 (or add -1) from the
exponent
– 6x10-2
References:
www.google.com/scientific_notation
http://www.aaamath.com/dec71i-dec2sci.ht
ml
http://janus.astro.umd.edu/cgi-bin/astro/scin
ote.pl
http://www.sciencejoywagon.com/physicszo
ne/lesson/00genral/dectosci.htm
END OF PRESENATION.

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