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Overview of Operating Systems

The document discusses the key functions and components of an operating system. It notes that an operating system manages computer hardware, acts as an intermediary between users and hardware, and provides an environment for running application programs. Operating systems are designed for different hardware, from mainframes to personal computers to handheld devices. The main components are hardware, operating system software, application programs, and users. The operating system performs basic tasks like memory allocation, input/output control, and file management. It also classifies operating systems as single-user or multi-user based on the number of simultaneous users supported.

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160 views15 pages

Overview of Operating Systems

The document discusses the key functions and components of an operating system. It notes that an operating system manages computer hardware, acts as an intermediary between users and hardware, and provides an environment for running application programs. Operating systems are designed for different hardware, from mainframes to personal computers to handheld devices. The main components are hardware, operating system software, application programs, and users. The operating system performs basic tasks like memory allocation, input/output control, and file management. It also classifies operating systems as single-user or multi-user based on the number of simultaneous users supported.

Uploaded by

nandini
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

By,

Nandini Rao G
[Link]
VCET Puttur
An operating system is a program that manages the computer hardware,
provides a basis for running application programs

Acts as an intermediary between the computer user and the computer


hardware

Mainframe operating systems are designed primarily to optimize

utilization of hardware

PC operating systems support a range of software from complex games

to business applications

Operating systems for handheld computers are designed to provide a

portable environment in which a user can easily interface with the


computer
Operating System is a software, which makes a computer to actually work.

It is the software the enables all the programs we use.

The OS organizes and controls the hardware.

OS acts as an interface between the application programs and the machine


hardware.

Examples: Windows, Linux, Unix and Mac OS, etc.,


An operating system performs basic tasks such as,

controlling and allocating memory,

prioritizing system requests,

controlling input and output devices,

facilitating networking and

managing file systems.


Structure of Operating System:
Application Programs

System Programs

Software (Operating System)

HARDWARE
Structure
Computer system can be divided into four components

Hardware provides basic computing resources

CPU, memory, I/O devices

Operating system --Controls and coordinates use of hardware among

various applications and users

Application programs define the ways in which the system resources

are used to solve the computing problems of the users

Word processors, compilers, web browsers, database systems, video


games

Users

People, machines, other computers


The main functions of operating systems are:

1. Program creation

2. Program execution

3. Input/Output operations

4. Error detection

5. Resource allocation

6. Accounting

7. protection
Operating System can also be classified as,-

Single User Systems

Multi User Systems


Single User Systems

Provides a platform for only one user at a time.

They are popularly associated with Desk Top operating system which run
on standalone systems where no user accounts are required.

Example: DOS
Multi user systems

Provides regulated access for a number of users by maintaining a database


of known users.

Refers to computer systems that support two or more simultaneous users.

Another term for multi-user is time sharing.

Ex: All mainframes and are multi-user systems.

Example: Unix
System View of an Operating System
The operating system is a resource allocator

Manages all resources

Decides between conflicting requests for efficient and fair resource use

The operating system is a control program

Controls execution of programs to prevent errors and improper use of

the computer
Four Major Management Functions
of an Operating System
Process Management

Memory Management

Storage Management

Protection and Security

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