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    lectut-EEN-112-ppt-Single Phase Transformer

    Uploaded by

    Mukul Goyal
    1. A single phase transformer can be modeled using an equivalent circuit with resistive and reactive components to represent iron/core losses and magnetizing current. 2. Two common tests, open circuit (OC) and short circuit (SC) tests, are used to determine the equivalent circuit parameters and losses. 3. The OC test measures iron losses with no load current, while the SC test measures copper losses at full load current. 4. Transformer efficiency is calculated based on output power over input power, accounting for iron losses and copper losses. Maximum efficiency occurs when iron and copper losses are equal.

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    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    lectut-EEN-112-ppt-Single Phase Transformer

    Uploaded by

    Mukul Goyal
    132 views10 pages
    1. A single phase transformer can be modeled using an equivalent circuit with resistive and reactive components to represent iron/core losses and magnetizing current. 2. Two common tests, open circuit (OC) and short circuit (SC) tests, are used to determine the equivalent circuit parameters and losses. 3. The OC test measures iron losses with no load current, while the SC test measures copper losses at full load current. 4. Transformer efficiency is calculated based on output power over input power, accounting for iron losses and copper losses. Maximum efficiency occurs when iron and copper losses are equal.

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    lectut-EEN-112-ppt-Single Phase Transformer.pptx

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    1. A single phase transformer can be modeled using an equivalent circuit with resistive and reactive components to represent iron/core losses and magnetizing current. 2. Two common tests, open circuit (OC) and short circuit (SC) tests, are used to determine the equivalent circuit parameters and losses. 3. The OC test measures iron losses with no load current, while the SC test measures copper losses at full load current. 4. Transformer efficiency is calculated based on output power over input power, accounting for iron losses and copper losses. Maximum efficiency occurs when iron and copper losses are equal.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    132 views10 pages

    lectut-EEN-112-ppt-Single Phase Transformer

    Uploaded by

    Mukul Goyal
    1. A single phase transformer can be modeled using an equivalent circuit with resistive and reactive components to represent iron/core losses and magnetizing current. 2. Two common tests, open circuit (OC) and short circuit (SC) tests, are used to determine the equivalent circuit parameters and losses. 3. The OC test measures iron losses with no load current, while the SC test measures copper losses at full load current. 4. Transformer efficiency is calculated based on output power over input power, accounting for iron losses and copper losses. Maximum efficiency occurs when iron and copper losses are equal.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 10

    Single Phase Transformer

    Transformer on no-load

    v1

    I 0 5% of I fl

    Phasor Diagram Equivalent Circuit core-loss component


    Ii = 00 = Pi /E1
    magnetizing component
    Im= 00

    Exciting current I0 Ii I m
    Iron/Core loss Pi E1 I 0 cos 0
    Ideal Transformer
    No winding resistance no core losses (hysteresis & eddy-current loss)
    No leakage of flux infinite permeability
    Equivalent Circuit Phasor Diagram
    Real Transformer
    Voltage Regulation
    VR will be zero when

    VR varies with pf and have maximum value when


    Parameter Calculations Pi
    I0
    1. OC (or No-load) Test
    - at rated voltage V1
    - on LV side
    With rated voltage applied, normal flux and hence normal iron loss
    (as measured by wattmeter).

    Since I0 = 5% of rated load current, primary Cu losses are neglected.


    Pi
    Pi V1 I 0 cos 0 cos 0
    V1
    I i I 0 cos 0
    I m I 0 sin 0
    Ii P
    G0 or i2
    V1 V1
    Im
    Bm
    V1
    These values are referred on LV side
    OC test provides Iron loss and the shunt parameters of equivalent circuit.
    Parameter Calculations Psc Isc
    2. SC (or Full-load) Test
    - at rated current Vsc
    - on HV side

    But for full current Isc, only 5% of rated voltage is required,


    I0(sc) = 0.1 0.5 % of Ifl only
    Shunt branch can be neglected.

    Psc Pcu I sc2 R


    Psc
    R
    I sc2
    Vsc
    Z
    I sc
    X Z 2 R2
    These values are referred on HV side.
    SC test provides Cu loss and the series parameters of equivalent circuit.
    Efficiency output
    % = 100
    input
    output
    100
    output loss
    output

    output Iron losses Cu losses
    V2 I 2 cos 2
    % 100
    V2 I 2 cos 2 Pi I 2 Req
    2

    At full load I 2 I 2, fl
    At x times of full load I 2 xI 2, fl
    xV2 I 2, fl cos 2
    % 100
    xV2 I 2, fl cos 2 Pi x I 2 2
    2, fl Req
    Hence load current at which the maximum will occur
    P
    I 22 i
    Req
    2
    I2 Pi
    2 x2
    I 2, fl I 2, fl Req
    I2 P Pi
    V2 cos 2 x 2 i or x
    I 2, fl I 2, fl Req Pcu , fl
    Pi
    V2 cos 2 I 2 Req
    I2
    For maximum , differentiating the denominator w.r.t. I 2
    Pi
    2 Req 0
    I2
    or Pi I 22 Req
    Iron loss (constant loss) = Cu Loss (variable loss)

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