READY MIX PLANT

RAJAN PANDEY
(TRAINING)
DATE 22/06/2017
INTRODUCTION

Ready-mix concrete (RMC) is a ready-to-use

material, with predetermined mixture of
Cement, sand, aggregates and water.

The Idea of Ready Mix Concrete (RMC) was

first introduced by Architect Jurgen Heinrich
Magens, he got his patent of RMC in Germany
in 1903.

In 1907, he discovered that the available time

for transportation could be prolonged not only
by cooling fresh concrete but also by vibrating
it during transportation.
The first concrete mixed off site and
delivered to a construction site was effectively
done in Baltimore, United States in 1913, just
before the First World War.

The first concept of transit mixer was also

born in 1926 in the United States. In 1939, the
first RMC plant was installed in United
Kingdom and in 1933.

Between the years 1950 and 1980

considerable growth of RMC took place in the
United States.
In India RMC was first initially was used in
1950 during the construction sites of Dams
 The increasing availability of special transport
vehicles, supplied by the new and fast growing
automobile industry, played a positive role in
the development of RMC industry.
OBJECTIVE
Better quality concrete is produced.

Elimination of storage space for basic

materials at site.

Eliminationof Procurement / Hiring of

plant and machinery.

Wastage of basic materials is

avoided.
 MATERIALS REQUIRED FOR RMC

1. AGGREGATE :

Aggregates are the important

constituents in concrete. They give body
to the concrete, reduce shrinkage and
effect economy. The mere fact that the
aggregates occupy 70-80 per cent of the
volume of concrete.
Aggregates
Aggregates are divided into two categories
from the consideration of size
Coarse aggregate
Fine aggregate

The size of the aggregate bigger

than 4.75 mm is considered as coarse
aggregate and aggregate whose size is
4.75 mm and less is considered as fine
aggregate.
2. CEMENT :

Cement is a binder material

which sets and hardens independently, and
can bind other materials together.
Cement is made up of four main
compounds,
dicalcium Silicate (2CaO SiO2),
tricalcium silicate (3CaO SiO2),
tricalcium acuminate (3CaO Al2O3),
tetra-calcium aluminoferrite (4CaO Al2O3
Fe2O3).
these compounds are designated as
C2S, C3S, C3A, and C4AF.
where C stands for calcium oxide (lime),
S for silica and A for alumina, and F for
iron oxide.
Small amounts of uncombined lime and
magnesia also are present, along with
alkalis and minor amounts of other
elements.
3. ADMIXTURE:
Air-entraining admixtures (mainly used
in concrete exposed to freezing)

Water-reducing admixtures, plasticizers

(reduce the dosage of water while
maintaining the workability)

Retarding admixtures (mainly used in

hot weather to retard the reaction of
hydration)

Accelerating admixtures (mainly used

 Super plasticizer or high range water-
reducer (significantly reduce the dosage of
water while maintaining the workability)

Miscellaneous admixtures such as

corrosion inhibiting, shrinkage reducing,
coloring, pumping etc.
 FLY ASH:

Fly ash is a by-product from coal-fired

electricity generating power plants.
The fly ash is generally used in the
concrete in the following ways.
As partial replace for cement.
As partial replacement for sand.
As simultaneous replacement for
both cement and sand.
FLY ASH
WATER :

The pH value of water should be

in between 6.0 and 8.0
according to IS 456-2000.
rice husk / hull ash (RHA)

Today, rice is grown and harvested on

every continent except Antarctica.

The majority of all rice is produced in

India, China, Japan, Indonesia, Thailand,
Burma, and Bangladesh. Asian farmers
accounts for 92-percent of the world's
total rice production.

More than 550 million tons of rice is

produced annually around the globe.

That rice husk are used in RMC to

increase the strength.
EQUIPMENTS REQUIRED:

Storage of materials - Silos, containers

and bins
Batching arrangement
Measuring and recording equipment
Mixing equipment
Control systems
Electrical, hydraulic and pneumatic
drives
Conveying systems (belt / screw
conveyors)
Silos
Aggregate Feeding Belt
Conveyors:-
Manual Batching plant
Semiautomatic Batching
Plant:-
Automatic Batching
Plant:-
MIXING PROCESS:

Thorough mixing of the materials is

essential for the production of uniform
concrete. The mixing should ensure that
the mass becomes homogeneous, uniform
in colour and consistency. There are three
methods adopted for mixing Ready Mix
Concrete.
Following are the three types of mixing
process of RMC
1. Transit Mixed (or "truck-mixed")
Concrete
2. Shrink Mixed Concrete
3. Central Mixed Concrete
Flow Chart of
Manufacturing Process:-
MIXING PROCESS
TRANSIT MIXED (OR "TRUCK-
MIXED") CONCRETE:-
While ready mixed concrete can be delivered to
the point of placement the overwhelming
majority of it is brought to the construction site
in truck-mounted, rotating drum mixers.
Truck mixers have a revolving drum with the
axis inclined to the horizontal.
Inside the shell of the mixer drum are a pair of
blades or fins that wrap in a helical (spiral)
configuration from the head to the opening of
the drum.
The concrete is loaded and mixed, it is
normally hauled to the job site with the drum
turning at a speed of less than 2 rpm.
TRANSIT MIXER
NEEDS TO BE SPECIFIED BY
CONSUMER FOR RMC

Characteristic strength or grade (N/mm2)

Target workability or slump in mm
required at site
Exposure conditions for durability
requirements
Maximum water to cement ratio
Minimum cement content
Maximum aggregate size
Type of cement
Mineral admixture and its proportion
(Kg/m3)
CHECKS BY CONSUMER BEFORE
ORDERING THE RMC

Calibrations of all measuring devices and

their accuracy.

Mode of operation of plant should

preferably be fully automatic and not
manual.

Quality of materials proposed to be used.

Adequacy of quantity of materials used.

INSPECTION OF CONSUMER
Merits of Ready-Mix
Concrete
A centralized concrete batching plant can serve a wide area.
Site Mix trucks can serve a larger area including remote
locations that standard trucks cannot.

The plants are located in areas zoned for industrial use, and
yet the delivery trucks can service residential districts or inner
cities.

Better quality concrete is produced. Site Mix can produce

higher compression strength with less water than standard
batching methods.

Elimination of storage space for basic materials at site.

Standard Batch plant need more room for their operation than
Site Mix trucks.

 Merits Continued
Elimination of procurement / hiring of plant and
machinery

Wastage of basic materials is avoided. With a Site Mix

truck, there is less waste and washout. This is better for
the environment.

Labor associated with production of concrete is

eliminated. It takes more people to operate a standard
batch plant than a Mobile Mix truck.

Time required is greatly reduced. .

Demerits of RMC
The materials are batched at a central plant, and the mixing
begins at that plant, so the travelling time from the plant to
the site is critical over longer distances. Some sites are just
too far away, though this is usually a commercial rather than
technical issue.
Generation of additional road traffic; furthermore, access
roads, and site access has to be able to carry the weight of
the truck and load. Concrete is approx. 2.5tonne per m.
This problem can be overcome by utilizing so-called
'minimix' companies, using smaller 4m capacity mixers able
to access more restricted sites.
Concrete's limited time span between mixing and going-off
means that ready-mix should be placed within 10 minutes of
batching at the plant.
Modern additives modify precisely that time span however,
the amount of additive added to the mix is very important.
Conclusion:
The concrete quality produced in RMC
plant is highly consistent with low
deviation order.
It provides a high degree of overall
strength of hardened concrete and the
performance of the structure at a later
date.
RMC operations are highly mechanized
and fully controlled through electronic
controls and hence reduce the probability
of errors in various operations.
REFERANCE:

Concrete technology
www.rdcconcrete.com
www.scribd.com
www.wikipedia.org/
THANK YOU