Project Quality Management

Project Quality
Management

Elloani Ross Pitogo
John Joshua Ferrer
Edward Kevin Louis Borbon
Quality

What is Quality?

A measure of excellence
The totality of characteristics of an entity that bear on

its ability to satisfy stated or implied needs
The degree to which a set of inherent characteristics

fulfils requirements
Quality

Conformance to requirements projects processes
and products meet written specifications.
Fitness for use product can be used as it was

intended.
Project Quality Management

Project Quality Management

Ensure that the project will satisfy the needs for
which it was undertaken
Quality must be on equal level with project scope,

time and cost
The customer ultimately decides if quality is acceptable

Processes in Project Quality Management

1. Planning Quality identifying which quality
standards are relevant to the project and how to
satisfy them.
2. Performing Quality Assurance periodically

evaluating overall project performance to ensure
that the project will satisfy the relevant quality
standards.
Processes in Project Quality Management

3. Performing Quality Control monitoring specific
project results to ensure they comply with relevant
quality standards while identifying ways to improve
overall quality.
Planning Quality

Planning Quality

Quality Planning implies the ability to anticipate
situations and prepare actions that bring about the
desired outcome.
Design of Experiments quality planning technique

that help identify which variables have the most
influence on the overall outcome of a process
Planning Quality:
Scope Aspects of IT Projects

Functionality
System Outputs
Performance
Reliability
Maintainability
Performing Quality
Assurance

Performing Quality
Assurance

Quality Assurance includes all of the activities
related to satisfying the relevant quality standards of
a project.
Tools in Quality Assurance

Benchmarking generates ideas for quality
improvements by comparing specific project
practices or product characteristics to those of other
projects or products within or outside the performing
organization.
Quality Audit structured review of specific quality

management activities that help identify lessons
learned that could improve performance on current
or future projects
Performing Quality Control

Performing Quality Control

Acceptance of decisions determine if products or
services produced as part of the project will be
acceptable or not.
Rework action taken to bring rejected items into

compliance with product requirement or specifications.
Process Adjustments correct or prevent further quality

problems based on quality control measurements.
Tools and Techniques for Quality Control

Cause & Effect
Diagrams
(a.k.a. fishbone or
Ishikawa diagrams)

Control Chart

Run Chart

Scatter Diagram

Histogram

Pareto Chart

Flowchart

Statistical Sampling choosing part of a population
of interest for inspection
Simple formula for determining sample size:

Sample size = 0.25 (certainty factor/acceptable error)2
Types of sampling: Simple Random Sampling,

Stratified Sampling, Cluster Sampling, Systematic
Sampling, Multistage Sampling

Six Sigma
A comprehensive and flexible system for achieving
and maximizing business success.
Uniquely driven by close understanding of customer

needs, disciplined use of facts, data & statistical
analysis, and diligent attention to managing,
improving and reinventing business processes

Six Sigma principles for quality control follow
DMAIC
DMAIC a five-phase improvement process which

stands for Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve,
Control.

Testing the process of
evaluating a system or
its components with the
intent to find whether it
satisfies the specified
requirements or not.
Modern Quality Management

Demings 14 Points for Management

1. Create constancy of purpose for improvement of
product and service.
2. Adopt the new philosophy.
3. Cease dependency on inspection to achieve quality.
4. End the practice of awarding business based on
price tag alone. Instead, minimize total cost by
working with a single supplier.
5. Improve constantly and forever every process for
planning, production & service.

6. Institute training on the job.
7. Adopt and institute leadership.
8. Drive out fear.
9. Break down barriers between staff areas.
10. Eliminate slogans, exhortations & targets for the
workforce.
11. Eliminate numerical quotas for the workforce and
numerical goals for management.

12. Remove barriers that rob people of workmanship.
Eliminate the annual rating or merit system.
13. Institute a vigorous program of education and self-
improvement for everyone.
14. Put everyone in the company to work to accomplish
the transformation.
Jurans 10 Steps to Quality Improvement

1. Build awareness of the need and opportunity for
improvement.
2. Set goals for improvement.
3. Organize to reach the goals (establish a quality
control, identify problems, select projects, appoint
teams, designate facilitators).
4. Provide training.
5. Carry out projects to solve problems.
Jurans 10 Steps to Quality Improvement

6. Report progress.
7. Give recognition.
8. Communicate results.
9. Keep score.
10. Maintain momentum by making improvement part
of the regular systems and processes of the
company.
Crosbys 14 Steps for Quality Improvement

1. Make it clear that management is committed to
quality.
2. Form quality improvement teams with representatives
from each department.
3. Determine where current and potential quality
problems lie.
4. Evaluate the cost of quality and explain its use as a
management tool.
5. Raise the quality awareness and personal concerns of
all employees.

6. Take actions to correct problems identified through
previous steps.
7. Establish a committee for zero-defects program.
8. Train supervisors to actively carry out their part of
the quality improvement program.
9. Hols a zero-defects day to let all employees
realize that there has been a change.
10. Encourage individuals to establish improvement
goals for themselves and their groups.

11. Encourage employees to communicate to
management obstacles they face in attaining their
improvement goals.
12. Recognize and appreciate those who participate.
13. Establish quality councils to communicate on a
regular basis.
14. Do it all over again to emphasize that the quality
improvement program never ends.
Modern Quality Management

Ishikawas Guide to Quality Control
Taguchi and Robust Design Methods
Feigenbaum and Workers Responsibility for Quality
Malcolm Baldridge National Quality Award
ISO Standards
Improving IT Project Quality

Leadership
Cost of Quality (Prevention Cost, Appraisal Cost, Internal

Failure Cost, External Failure Cost, Measurement and Test
Equipment Cost)
Organizational Influences, Workplace Factors & Quality
Expectations and Cultural Differences in Quality
Maturity Models
END

Sources:
IT Project Management by Kathy Schwalbe, 6th
edition
The Six Sigma Way by Peter Pande, Robert Neuman,
Roland Cavanagh
www.businessdictionary.com
www.courses.science.psu.edu
www.tutorialspoint.com

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Project Quality

The totality of characteristics of an entity that bear on

The degree to which a set of inherent characteristics

Fitness for use product can be used as it was

Quality must be on equal level with project scope,

The customer ultimately decides if quality is acceptable

2. Performing Quality Assurance periodically

Design of Experiments quality planning technique

Quality Audit structured review of specific quality

Rework action taken to bring rejected items into

Process Adjustments correct or prevent further quality

Simple formula for determining sample size:

Types of sampling: Simple Random Sampling,

Uniquely driven by close understanding of customer

DMAIC a five-phase improvement process which

Taguchi and Robust Design Methods

Feigenbaum and Workers Responsibility for Quality

Malcolm Baldridge National Quality Award

Cost of Quality (Prevention Cost, Appraisal Cost, Internal

Organizational Influences, Workplace Factors & Quality

Expectations and Cultural Differences in Quality

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