Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 268 views

    Applications of ODEs

    Uploaded by

    Chin-Chin Abejar
    This document discusses solving differential equations for series RC and RL circuits. It provides the equations for the voltages across the resistor and inductor/capacitor in terms of the current or charge. It also gives the overall differential equation relating these components using Kirchhoff's voltage law. Two examples are given for each circuit type, involving finding transient and steady state currents/charges over time given resistance, inductance/capacitance, and applied voltage values.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Applications of ODEs

    Uploaded by

    Chin-Chin Abejar
    268 views16 pages
    This document discusses solving differential equations for series RC and RL circuits. It provides the equations for the voltages across the resistor and inductor/capacitor in terms of the current or charge. It also gives the overall differential equation relating these components using Kirchhoff's voltage law. Two examples are given for each circuit type, involving finding transient and steady state currents/charges over time given resistance, inductance/capacitance, and applied voltage values.

    Original Description:

    Applications of ODEs

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    This document discusses solving differential equations for series RC and RL circuits. It provides the equations for the voltages across the resistor and inductor/capacitor in terms of the current or charge. It also gives the overall differential equation relating these components using Kirchhoff's voltage law. Two examples are given for each circuit type, involving finding transient and steady state currents/charges over time given resistance, inductance/capacitance, and applied voltage values.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    268 views16 pages

    Applications of ODEs

    Uploaded by

    Chin-Chin Abejar
    This document discusses solving differential equations for series RC and RL circuits. It provides the equations for the voltages across the resistor and inductor/capacitor in terms of the current or charge. It also gives the overall differential equation relating these components using Kirchhoff's voltage law. Two examples are given for each circuit type, involving finding transient and steady state currents/charges over time given resistance, inductance/capacitance, and applied voltage values.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 16
    At a glance
    Powered by AI
    The document discusses applications of ordinary differential equations to electrical circuits, specifically series RL and RC circuits.

    RL circuits involve a resistor and inductor in series, while RC circuits involve a resistor and capacitor in series. The behavior of each depends on the components involved.

    Kirchhoff's voltage law states that the directed sum of the voltages around a circuit must be zero. This results in a differential equation that can be solved for the current or charge in the circuit.

    Applications of ODEs: Series Circuits

    RL CIRCUIT
    The RL circuit shown above has a resistor and an inductor connected
    in series. A constant voltage V is applied when the switch is closed.
    The (variable) voltage across the resistor is given by:

    The (variable) voltage across the inductor is given by:


    Kirchhoff's voltage law says that the directed sum of the voltages
    around a circuit must be zero. This results in the following differential
    equation:
    Solving the DE for a Series RL Circuit

    The solution of the differential equation


    Example 1:
    An RL circuit has an emf of 5 V, a resistance of 50 , an inductance of
    1 H, and no initial current.

    Find the current in the circuit at any time t. Distinguish between the
    transient and steady-state current.
    Example 2:
    A series RL circuit with R = 50 and L = 10 H has a constant voltage V
    = 100 V applied at t = 0 by the closing of a switch.

    Find
    (a) the equation for i
    (b) the current at t = 0.5 s
    (c) the expressions for VR and VL
    (d) the time at which VR = VL
    RC CIRCUIT
    In this section we see how to solve the differential equation arising
    from a circuit consisting of a resistor and a capacitor.

    In an RC circuit, the capacitor stores energy between a pair of plates.


    When voltage is applied to the capacitor, the charge builds up in the
    capacitor and the current drops off to zero.
    CASE 1: CONSTANT VOLTAGE
    The voltage across the resistor and capacitor are as follows:

    And
    Kirchhoff's voltage law says the total voltages must be zero. So applying
    this law to a series RC circuit results in the equation:

    One way to solve this equation is to turn it into a differential equation, by


    differentiating throughout with respect to t:

    Solving the equation gives us:


    Applying our expressions from above, we have the following expressions
    for the voltage across the resistor and the capacitor:

    Important note: We are assuming that the circuit has a constant voltage
    source, V. This equation does not apply if the voltage source is variable.
    CASE 2: Variable Voltage and 2-mesh Circuits
    We need to solve variable voltage cases in q, rather than in i, since we
    have an integral to deal with if we use i.
    So we will make the substitutions:

    and
    and so the equation in i involving an integral:

    becomes the differential equation in q:


    Example 1:
    A series RC circuit with R = 5 W and C = 0.02 F is connected with a
    battery of E = 100 V. At t = 0, the voltage across the capacitor is zero.

    (a) Obtain the subsequent voltage across the capacitor.

    (b) As t , find the charge in the capacitor.


    Example 2:
    Find the charge and the current for t > 0 in a series RC circuit where R
    = 10 W, C = 4 10-3 F and E = 85 cos 150t V.

    Assume that when the switch is closed at t = 0, the charge on the


    capacitor is -0.05 C.

    You might also like