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    By Girish Chandra Pargaien

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    Guna
    This document discusses tunnels, including their definition, shapes, investigations during construction, common problems encountered, remedial measures, the sequence of operations for construction, problems specific to tunnels in the Himalayas, and rock mass classification systems used for tunnels. It provides information on the definition of a tunnel, the types of tunnels like hydro power and rail tunnels, their typical cross-sectional shapes, the investigations done at different stages of a tunnel project, problems that can occur like fractured or water-charged rock, techniques to address issues, the standard sequence of construction steps, and classification systems to evaluate rock mass quality.

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    By Girish Chandra Pargaien

    Uploaded by

    Guna
    174 views14 pages
    This document discusses tunnels, including their definition, shapes, investigations during construction, common problems encountered, remedial measures, the sequence of operations for construction, problems specific to tunnels in the Himalayas, and rock mass classification systems used for tunnels. It provides information on the definition of a tunnel, the types of tunnels like hydro power and rail tunnels, their typical cross-sectional shapes, the investigations done at different stages of a tunnel project, problems that can occur like fractured or water-charged rock, techniques to address issues, the standard sequence of construction steps, and classification systems to evaluate rock mass quality.

    Original Title

    TUNNELING

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    This document discusses tunnels, including their definition, shapes, investigations during construction, common problems encountered, remedial measures, the sequence of operations for construction, problems specific to tunnels in the Himalayas, and rock mass classification systems used for tunnels. It provides information on the definition of a tunnel, the types of tunnels like hydro power and rail tunnels, their typical cross-sectional shapes, the investigations done at different stages of a tunnel project, problems that can occur like fractured or water-charged rock, techniques to address issues, the standard sequence of construction steps, and classification systems to evaluate rock mass quality.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    174 views14 pages

    By Girish Chandra Pargaien

    Uploaded by

    Guna
    This document discusses tunnels, including their definition, shapes, investigations during construction, common problems encountered, remedial measures, the sequence of operations for construction, problems specific to tunnels in the Himalayas, and rock mass classification systems used for tunnels. It provides information on the definition of a tunnel, the types of tunnels like hydro power and rail tunnels, their typical cross-sectional shapes, the investigations done at different stages of a tunnel project, problems that can occur like fractured or water-charged rock, techniques to address issues, the standard sequence of construction steps, and classification systems to evaluate rock mass quality.

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    You are on page 1of 14

    By

    Girish Chandra Pargaien


    Definition:

    TUNNEL: Nearly horizontal opening, open to the both ends


    and with large dimensions more than 3 m size.
    Hydro Power Tunnel:
    Hydro Power Tunnel:
    Rail Tunnel:
    Shape of Tunnels:

    1.Rectangular

    2.D-Shape

    3.Circular

    4.Horse Shoe Shape etc.


    Investigations for Tunnel:

    1.Reconnance Stage Investigations

    2.Detailed Investigations

    3.Construction Stage Investigations


    Tunneling Problems:

    1.Highly Fractured Zone

    2.Adverse Deposition of Beds

    3.Occurrence of Syncline and Fault

    4.Occurrence of Heavy Water Charged Zones.

    5.Jointing Pattern etc.


    Remedial Measures:
    1.Probe Holes

    2.Fore Poling

    3.Grouting

    4.Drainage Holes

    5.Heading and Benching

    6.Controlled Blasting

    7.Multiple Drifting etc.


    Sequence of Operations for
    Construction of Tunnels:
    1.Marking Tunnel Profile

    2.Setting up and Drilling

    3.Loading Explosives and Blasting

    4.Removing the Foul Gases

    5.Checking Misfires
    (Cont.)

    6.Scaling

    7.Mucking

    8.Support etc.
    Tunneling Problems In Himalaya:
    1.Fault,Thrust Zones and Shear Zone

    2.Competent Rock,Rock Stress Problem

    3.Squeezing Conditions

    4.Swelling Conditions

    5.Fractured Rock Mass

    6.High Water Charged Zone

    7.Topography, Investigations etc.


    Rock Mass Classification System
    for Tunnels:
    1.Terzaghi’s Rock Load Classification

    2.Stand-Up Time Classification

    3.RQD Classification

    4.RSR Concept

    5.RMR

    6.Q-System

    7.NATM etc.

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