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Multirate Systems

Multirate systems perform sampling rate conversion in the digital domain, reducing required system computation, bandwidth, or storage. They are used for processing audio, video, wireless communication, and IoT. Upsampling and downsampling can introduce issues like wasted computations or aliasing that polyphase decomposition addresses. Rational rate conversion combines upsampling and downsampling in a generalized structure that performs filtering at the highest sampling rate, aims to minimize delay and non-causality.

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Shivanshu Trivedi
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278 views9 pages

Multirate Systems

Multirate systems perform sampling rate conversion in the digital domain, reducing required system computation, bandwidth, or storage. They are used for processing audio, video, wireless communication, and IoT. Upsampling and downsampling can introduce issues like wasted computations or aliasing that polyphase decomposition addresses. Rational rate conversion combines upsampling and downsampling in a generalized structure that performs filtering at the highest sampling rate, aims to minimize delay and non-causality.

Uploaded by

Shivanshu Trivedi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Multirate Systems: Sampling Rate Conversion

D/A followed by A/D at new Multirate system


sampling frequency (using performs conversion in
Nyquist theorem) digital domain hence
High distortion due to reduce required system
interpolation filter used in D/A
computation,
and the quantizer used in A/D
Low speed of A/D and D/A bandwidth or storage
converters requirement.
Applications of Multirate systems
Processing of sound i.e. Audio /speech/music

Processing of Image and video

Wireless Communication Technologies

Internet of Things (IoT), etc.


Upsampling by a factor of L
Issues in Upsampling

x[n ] y[m]
L H z

Most terms here are zero and waste time to process them
here!!!!

y[m]
L H z
Polyphase interpolation

Apply
Noble
identity

Polyphase Decomposition of
the filter
Downsampling
by a factor of M

As shown below,
downsampling expands each
2-periodic repetition of
X(ej) by a factor
of M along the -axis, and
reduces the gain by a factor of
M. If x[m] is not bandlimited
to /M, aliasing may result
from spectral overlap.
Issues in Downsampling
x[n ] y[m]
H z M

We compute here and throw away most of them here!!!!

M
Polyphase Decimation

Apply
Noble
identity

Polyphase Decomposition of
the filter
Rational Rate Conversion (L/M)

The important issues:


a) Filtering at highest sampling rate, which leads to higher
computational complexity.
b) Delay Minimization
c) Non-causality
d) Generalized structure

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