EMBEDDED SYSTEM
Dr. R. THEAGARAJAN.
Professor in Engineering
Types of SYSTEMS
HARD-WIRED
INTEGRATED CIRCUITS
CUSTOM BUILT
MICROPROCESSOR
MICROCONTROLLER
COMPUTER
Disadvantages
In HARDWIRED System
Hunt for different components . . . . .
Each component must be wired, soldered
Occupies enormous space
Power consumption will be more
Circuit design is difficult
Troubleshooting is very difficult
Very poor reliability
Disadvantages
In Integrated Circuit System
Hunt for different ICs . . . . .
Each ICs must be wired, soldered
Analog and Digital
Different Power Supply
Circuit design is difficult
Troubleshooting is difficult
Poor reliability
Advantages & Disadvantages
In Custom Built IC System
Hunt for the specific ICs . . . . .
Easy to be wired
Minimum Chip-count
Single Power Supply
Circuit design is easy
Troubleshooting is easy
Good reliability
Difficult to change for different application
BETTER approach
MICROPROCESSOR based system
4 bit, 8 bit, 16 bit, 32 bit, 64 bit . . . . .
4004, 4040
8080, 8085
8086, 80186
80286
80386, 80486
Pentium I, II, III, IV
Dual core, Core 2, Itium processors
GOOD approach
EMBEDDED (Microcontroller) System
Combination of HW & SW + Components
To do a specific task within a given time
Repeatedly
Endlessly
Ex : Microwave oven, Washing machine
BEST approach
COMPUTERS
Input, Output devices
FDD, HDD for Storage
CDROM, DVD for volume storage
Text, Graphics, Sound, Video
Animation, Simulation
Electronic Data Interchange
Costly
COMPUTER
It is made-up of numerous embedded
systems like
Keyboard - Intel 8748, Hitachi
Monitor - 6845
Hard Disk Drive
CD-ROM, DVD
Modem - 56 kbps
Manufacturers
of Microcontroller
Intel - 8051, 8751, 8951, 8096
Motorola - 6801, 6805, 6811, 68xx
National - COP820, HPC16164
Philips - 87c552
Zilog - Z-8
Rockwell - 6500
Texas - 370Cxxx
Hitachi - H8532
NEC
TECHNOLOGY
used for manufacturing
HMOS
NMOS
CMOS
HCMOS
EMBEDDED System
All embedded systems do not have
the same
Hardware and
Software
EMBEDDED System
System on a chip
Higher performance
Low power consumption
Slimmer and more compact
Reduced design & development time
Low cost
EMBEDDED System
Operating System
Scaled-down version
Real time environment - RTOS
Needs to do several things at a time
Responding to external events
Cope with un-usual conditions
EMBEDDED System
It needs memory
To store the Program
To store the Data
Data and program are stored in different
area / memories
EMBEDDED System
System must retain the program, even
without power, hence we use
ROM, EPROM, Flash-ROM
This memory is not fit for storing the data,
hence additional regular memory is
needed, ie RAM
EMBEDDED System
Additional requirements
Standard serial port
I / O interface to interact with
Sensors, Activators
Network Interface
Universal Synchronous Bus
EMBEDDED System
Address Bus
Data Bus
Control Bus
CPU EPROM RAM I/O
Embedded System
Functional architecture of SW
C, C++ ASM file
Compiler Assembler
OBJ OBJ
LINKER
Executable file
Target system
Embedded System
Functional architecture
Embedded
Computer
System
Front-end Back-end
Communication Link
Serial, Parallel
USB
Embedded System
Functional architecture
ICE Target
Computer
System
In-Circuit Emulator
Simulator
Logic Analyzer
Embedded System Applications
Auto-mobile
Cellular / Mobile phone
Digital watch
Industrial control equipments
Scientific equipments
Medical equipments
Missile guide for defense
Enemy aircraft detection
Communication satellites
Embedded System Applications
Astronomical research
ATM
Camera system
Deep sea probes
Digital copier
Distributed Control System
Flight Safety - ILS
Intelligent PCI LAN
Radar / Sonar
Video games
